Indraneel Sanyal

• Ph.D
• Principal Investigator at CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute - India

This study aimed to develop a reliable and efficient genetic transformation method for the ornamental Indian Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) using the sonication-assisted Rhizobium radiobacter-mediated transformation technique. To conduct the transformation, shoot apical meristem explants were infected with Rhizobium radiobacter (synonym Agrobacte...

The Indian lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is a popular ornamental plant and a source of traditional herbal medicine. Its various parts are widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical industries. The recent study aimed to develop a high-frequency in vitro regeneration system in Indian lotus. This study utilizes the pink lot...

Using the transgenic approach, the current study investigated the tripartite interaction of miRNA166, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), and chickpea crops in response to drought. miR166, an evolutionarily conserved small RNA, was cloned and transformed in a homologous manner. This Car-miR166 is reported in our previous research to have d...

With the changing environmental conditions due to natural and anthropogenic activities, plants are inevitably subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. These create immense pressure for their survival during unfavourable conditions. Drought is a significant abiotic stress that hinders plant development and productivity. Metallothioneins (MT...

ChTI (Cocculus hirsutus trypsin inhibitor), a plant serine protease inhibitor, is a natural plant defense protein effective against phytophagous insects by inhibiting digestive proteases in guts. We modified the ChTI gene by codon optimization and expressed it in E. coli, purified it, and performed insect bioassay, where significant weight loss wit...

Air pollution has become a major concern due to its detrimental effects on living beings. The present study is aimed at assessing the current status of air pollution in Lucknow city using lichen transplantation technique and assesing its effect on physiology of Pyxine cocoes. The samples of P. cocoes were collected from relatively pollution-free ar...

Rising global temperatures are expected to worsen the impact of drought, which directly impacts the worldwide production of chickpea. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are ubiquitous, heat-stable, cysteine-rich proteins and glutathione-dependent thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases. The overexpression of the CC-type Grxs gene in plants improves drought and salinity...

Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are glutathione (GSH)-mediated, small (10–15 kDa) oxidoreductases. In the present investigation, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana over-expressing a glutaredoxin gene [LOC101493651 (CaGrx)] of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has been evaluated against drought, and further transcriptomic studies were performed to know the effect of...

Four contrasting varieties of guar, RGC-1002 and RGC-1038, drought tolerant, while, Sarada and RGC-936, drought sensitive, were monitored in watered and drought. The water status, phenolics, plant anatomy and transcript level of genes related to anatomical traits were assessed. The study aimed to decipher the anatomical adaptations of guar plants i...

Anti-nutrients are substances either found naturally or are of synthetic origin, which leads to the inactivation of nutrients and limits their utilization in metabolic processes. Phytic acid is classified as an anti-nutrient, as it has a strong binding affinity with most minerals like Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Cd and impairs their proper metabolism....

Water limitation creates drought-like situations and constrains the life cycle of crop plants by modulating their biological processes at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. The microbial measures, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), could be used in plant adaptation. These PGPR escape water scarcity conditions and...

Metals and metalloids are important ingredients for the regular growth and development of plants. The uptake of various ions from surroundings take place with the aid of different types of transporters. The presence of excess levels of certain metals and metalloids are viewed to be major environmental contaminants. Such pollutants cause imbalances...

Crop losses due to various insects are a global problem. For decades, several types of research have been ongoing on this issue with limited success due to co-evolving insect pests. In this study, the modified Cocculus hirsutus trypsin inhibitor (ChTI), a serine proteinase inhibitor gene encoding a natural plant defense protein, inhibiting the dige...

To understand drought tolerance mechanism(s) in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), we conducted physiological, biochemical, and de novo comparative transcriptome analysis of drought-tolerant (RGC-1002) and drought-sensitive (RGC- 1066) genotypes subjected to 30 days of drought stress. Relative water content (RWC) was maintained in tolerant geno...

Various abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, high temperature, and chilling adversely affect plant growth and productivity. Terminal drought stress is one of the major concerns which limits the growth and yield of chickpeas. Calmodulin binding transcription activator (CAMTA) plays a vital role in stress tolerance in plants. In this study, the r...

Drought, a major abiotic limiting factor, could be modulated with in-built reprogramming of plants at molecular level by regulating the activity of plant developmental processes, stress endurance and adaptation. The transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana over-expressing metallothionein 1 (MT1) gene of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) was subjected to tr...

Heavy metals are ubiquitously present in nature, including soil, water, and thus in plants, thereby causing a potential health risk. This study has investigated the role and efficiency of the chickpea metallothionein 1 (MT1) gene against the major toxic heavy metals, i.e., As [As(III) and As(V)], Cr(VI), and Cd toxicity. MT1 over-expressing transge...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are significant class of noncoding RNAs having analytical investigating and modulatory roles in various signaling mechanisms in plants related to growth, development and environmental stress. Conserved miRNAs are an affirmation of land plants evolution and adaptation. They are a proof of indispensable roles of endogenous gene mod...

In the arsenal of plant defense, protease inhibitors (PIs) are well‐designed defensive products to counter field pests. PIs are produced in plant tissues by means of ‘stable defense metabolite’ and triggered on demand as the perception of the signal and well established as a part of plant active defense. PIs have been utilized for approximately fou...

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule in plants, which regulates many processes in the cell. The various studies have been tried to understand the role of NO in plant cells especially in the chloroplast by exogenous application of gaseous molecule or donor of NO. Here, we review the important target sites of NO in plastids which are...

Various abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, high temperature, and chilling adversely affect plant growth and productivity. Terminal drought stress is one of the major concerns which limits the growth and yield of chickpea. CAMTA (Calmodulin binding transcription activator) plays a vital role in stress tolerance in plants. In this study, we hav...

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-021-02054-x

Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are short, cysteine-rich glutathione (GSH)-mediated oxidoreductases. In this study, a chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) glutaredoxin [LOC101493651 (CaGrx)] gene has been selected based on screening experiments with two contrasting varieties of chickpea, PUSA-362 (drought-tolerant) and ICC-1882 (drought-sensitive) under drought and...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (21–23 nt) regulatory RNA molecules present in plants and animals which are known for regulating the mRNA target gene expression either by cleavage or translational repression. With the advancements in miRNAs research in plants towards their biogenesis and applications has directed the recent discovery of pri-miRNAs enc...

Scientific research has focused to delineate the core aspects of stress tolerance mechanisms and to apply the crucial components for enhancing the tolerance of plants and their growth under stressed environments. Metallothioneins (MTs) are known to play pivotal roles in stress regulation. They are known in bacteria, fungi, and all other eukaryotic...

A trypsin inhibitor from Cocculus hirsutus, commonly known as “Farid Buti” has been demonstrated to exhibit insecticidal, fungicidal, as well as nematocidal activity. The ChTI (Cocculus hirsutus Trypsin Inhibitor) gene was designed in silico and synthesized by PCR-based gene synthesis and cloned in the plant expression vector pBI121, with kanamycin...

Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small (10-15 kDa) glutathione (GSH) - dependent redox proteins. The role of Grxs are well documented in tolerance to heavy metal stress in prokaryotic and mammalian systems and a few plant genera but poorly understood in plants against drought. In the present study, two rice glutaredoxin (Osgrx) genes (LOC_Os02g40500 and LO...

Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small multifunctional redox proteins. Grxs have glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase activity in the presence of glutathione reductase and NADPH. The role of Grxs is well studied in heavy metal tolerance in prokaryotic and mammalian systems but not in plant genera. In the present study, a chickpea glutaredoxin (CaGrx) gene...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a pulse crop valued for its high protein content, grown in semi-arid tropics and Mediterranean regions. Its yield remains affected by biotic and abiotic stresses with drought alone being responsible for up to 50%annual loss of yield. Transcriptome analysis of a sensitive and a tolerant cultivar of chickpea has been...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The genus Psoralea (Fabaceae) harbours 105 accepted species that are extensively used by local peoples and medicinal practitioners of China, India, and other countries for treatment of tooth decay, psoriasis, leucoderma, leprosy, kidney problems, tuberculosis, indigestion, constipation and impotence. Presently, phar...

Canna being ornamental plants has a significant role in agriculture, medical, economy and food industry. Canna has a limited vase life due to the rapid loss of moisture from its perianth. For improving its market value, cuticularisation of the perianth can be achieved by the expression of a heterologous cutin producing gene, using the tissue cultur...

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for the crop plants is of great concerns throughout the world. The burgeoning population of the world needs crop genotypes responding to higher nitrogen and showing a direct relationship to yield with the use of nitrogen inputs i.e. high nitrogen-responsive genotypes. However, for fulfilling the high global demand of o...

The present study was intended to investigate the role of amino acid glycine in detoxification of As in Oryza sativa L. The growth parameters such as, shoot length and fresh weight were decreased during As(III) and As(V) toxicity. However, the application of glycine recovered the growth parameters against As stress. The application of glycine reduc...

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has been performed using cotyledonary node explants (CNs), which release phenolics upon excision that are detrimental to the viability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and result in low transformation frequency. Twelve low molecular weight phenolic compounds and salicylic acid were...

Expression of recombinant therapeutic proteins in transgenic plants has a tremendous impact on safe and economical production of biomolecules for biopharmaceutical industry. The major limitation in their production is downstream processing of recombinant protein to obtain higher yield and purity of the final product. In this study, a simple and rap...

A library of SARs has been prepared from chickpea by Illumina sequencing of DNA fragments that co-isolate with the nuclear scaffold by lithium diiodosalicylate treatment. Seven fragments were screened on the basis of SAR associated motifs and their interactions were tested with the nuclear scaffold of chickpea by in vitro binding assay. SAR 1 and S...

Bt-cry1Ac gene has been reputedly effective against Helicoverpa armigera a notorious lepidopteran pest. Reports on the expression of full-length and truncated cry1Ac genes in plants for effective resistance against Helicoverpa sp. have been documented however, their performance is still ambiguous. Moreover, the question remains to be addressed that...

Plants synthesize secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, which play important role during various stresses for their survival. These metabolites are also considered as health-protective components in functional foods. Flavonols, one of the important groups of flavonoids, apart from performing several roles in plants have been recognized as po...

Human  1-proteinase inhibitor ( 1-PI) is the most abundant serine protease inhibitor in blood and heterologous expression of recombinant  1-PI has great potential for therapeutic applications. Present study is focused to express and purify functional recombinant α 1-PI protein from transgenic tomato plants. Human α 1-PI gene was designed and cod...

The modified truncated Bt-cry1Ab gene of Bacillus thuringiensis has been used for the development and selection of over expressing transgenic events in a commercially important variety of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Agrobacterium-mediated leaf-disc transformation procedure. The integration and inheritance of cry1Ab gene in T0 transgenic pla...

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses in agriculture for losses in crop productivity worldwide. Three chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties namely P362, P1103 and SBD377 were assessed for response to drought tolerance during vegetative stage, in stress and non-stress environments, under contained conditions. Several physiological parameter...

Control and T4 progeny of transgenic lines Ab25 C, Ab25 B, Ab25 A, Ab25 D and Ab25 E subjected to feeding assay by S. litura. Leaf area damage was calculated by the cut paper method.

Comparative real-time PCR analysis of cry1Ab transcript in T0 plants showing fold change in expression with respect to the low expressing transgenic plant Ab2. Control: non-transformed plant.

Control and T4 progeny of transgenic lines of Ab25 C, Ab25 B, Ab25 A, Ab25 D and Ab25 E subjected to feeding assay by H. armigera. Fruit damage was calculated by fruit weight method.

Segregation analysis of T1 transgenic tomato seeds developed with vector pBIN200 and the corresponding insect mortality data of T0 transformants.

Average Bt-Cry1Ab protein (striped bar) in different parts of T0 transgenic tomato plant Ab25.

Detached leaf and fruit bioassay with T4 transgenic plants expressing Bt-Cry1Ab toxin.

The 5′ regulatory sequences of seed-storage protein genes, arcelin 5-I (Arc), phaseolin (Phas) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and legumin (Leg) gene of Cicer arietinum (L.) were evaluated for seed-specific expression of β-glucuronidase (uidA) and recombinant human α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) in transgenic chickpea. Histochemical assay o...

Immature cotyledons collected at different time intervals from four genotypes of chickpea (C 235, BG 256, P 362 and P 372) were cultured adaxially on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzyladenine, thidiazuron, kinetin, zeatin and dimethylallylaminopurine (2-iP), either alone or in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or α...

Mature embryonic axes were used for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. Qualitative and quantitative estimation of protein profile during somatic embryogenesis by SDS-PAGE and densitometric analysis showed differential expression of various storage proteins at different stages of somatic embryo development, which w...

Efficacy of artificial synthetic expression modules was compared with native CaMV35S and DECaMV35S promoter in transgenic tomato developed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The promoters under trial were CaMV35S-mec (PcamI), CaMV35S (PcamII), DECaMV35S (PcamIII), synthetic minimal expression cassette (Pmec), complete expression cassette (Pc...

The modified cry1Ab and cry1Ac insecticidal genes of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) under the control of two different constitutive promoters have been introduced into chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of pre-conditioned cotyledonary nodes. 118 stable transformed T0 plants as independent transformation events were...

To develop an efficient genetic transformation system of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), callus derived from mature embryonic axes of variety P-362 was transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring p35SGUS-INT plasmid containing the uidA gene encoding β-glucuronidase (GUS) and the nptII gene for kanamycin selection. Various fac...

The functional and biological significance of translation initiation context sequence in determining high-level expression of modified synthetic human alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI) gene was documented in stable transgenic tomato plants. Context sequence of initiator ATG codon derived from statistical analysis of databases was identifi...

Transgenic plants offer promising alternative for large scale, sustainable production of safe, functional, recombinant proteins of therapeutic and industrial importance. Here, we report the expression of biologically active human alpha-1-antitrypsin in transgenic tomato plants. The 1,182 bp cDNA sequence of human AAT was strategically designed, mod...

Grain legumes are important crop plants for their protein-rich seeds as a major source of dietary protein for human and livestock consumption. Chickpea is the second most important pulse crop in the world, particularly in India and the African subcontinent, although it is grown in more than 40 countries. Despite large acreage of these crops, the to...

Efficient procedure for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of excised cotyledonary nodes of recalcitrant grain legume chickpea was optimized to result in the production of stable transgenic plants expressing the 2.2 kb native, truncated Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cry1Ac gene driven by the CaMV35S promoter and nptII gene for kanamycin selection....

The mature embryo axes and cotyledonary nodes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were evaluated for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and the production of stable transgenic plants expressing the reporter gene GUS was documented. The major limitation in delivering the T-DNA in these explants of grain legume has been the low frequency and inconsis...