Ina Salwany Md Yasin

Universiti Putra Malaysia | UPM · Department of Aquaculture

Background and Aim The high diversity of Aeromonas spp. results in various pathogenicity levels. This group of bacteria causes a serious disease named motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in catfish (Clarias spp.). This study aimed to characterize the species and virulence gene diversity of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased catfish. Materials and...

Pangasius catfish, Pangasius nasutus, is a promising candidate for aquaculture due to its high market value. However, the presence of pathogenic bacteria in Aeromonas hydrophila is a major concern in P. nasutus farming in this country. This study determines the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila in P. nasutus. A total of 80 P. nasutus juveniles were in...

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) has recently been reported to cause infection in cultured and wild tilapia globally, and co-infection between TiLV and other bacterial pathogens contributes to higher mortality and economic losses. Understanding the pathology and pathogenesis of the co-infection could help in controlling the outbreaks. This study determine...

Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) has emerged as the etiologic agent of epidemic outbreaks of motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in high-density aquaculture of farmed carp in China and catfish in the United States, which has caused millions of tons of lost fish. We conducted a global survey to better understand the evolution, geographical dis...

Fish farmers have adopted intensive aquaculture, especially in industrial-scale fish farms, for years to maximize production, but it has escalated the stress levels among farmed species, making them more susceptible to existing opportunistic pathogens. These would result in severe economic loss and reduced profitability of the aquaculture industry....

Farmed aquatic animals’ health and welfare are important aspects that are strongly related with the animals’ gut microbe interactions, also known as interaction of gastrointestinal microbial community with animals’ gastrointestinal tracts. Gut microbe interactions are the result of long-lasting coevolution with major aquatic animal species and symb...

Citation: Haifa-Haryani, W.O.; Amatul-Samahah, M.A.; Azzam-Sayuti, M.; Chin, Y.K.; Zamri-Saad, M.; Natrah, I.; Amal, M.N.A.; Satyantini, W.H.; Ina-Salwany, M.Y. Prevalence, Antibiotics Resistance and Plasmid Profiling of Vibrio spp.

A total of 60 green turtle eggs were obtained from sampling sites in Terengganu and Sabah, Malaysia. Isolation and identification of bacteria from these eggs resulted in 12 genera of Gram-negative bacteria with 12 different species. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Salmonella (30.9%) and Proteus (23.7%). The rest of the microorganisms wer...

Vibriosis is one of the most common threats to farmed grouper; thus, substantial efforts are underway to control the disease. This study presents an oral vaccination against multiple Vibrio spp. in a marine fish with double booster immunisation. The Vibrio harveyi strain VH1 vaccine candidate was selected from infected groupers Epinephelus sp. in a...

This study aimed to detect the presence of quorum-sensing (QS) signalling molecules and evaluate the in vivo virulence gene expression in shrimp challenged with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) positive Vibrio isolates. Three types of QS signal molecules, namely N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) and Cholerae autoi...

The genus Aeromonas has been recognised as an important pathogenic species in aquaculture that causes motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS) or less severe, chronic infections. This study compares the pathogenicity of the different Aeromonas spp. that were previously isolated from freshwater fish with signs of MAS. A total of 124 isolates of Aeromonas...

Seabass (Lates calcarifer) are high value fish occupying a market niche, and is susceptible to infection by pathogenic bacteria such as Vibriosis. In this study the effect of intraperitoneal administration of recombinant outer membrane protein (OMP) of inactivated cells vaccine; r-OmpK on hematological parameters for monitoring fish health and hist...

Grouper and Asian seabass are among the economically important cultured marine fish in Malaysia. However, fry productions in large scale tend to introduce stress that changes the fish microbiota and increases susceptibility to diseases. Currently, high-throughput sequencing is used to study fish microbiota and their respective gene functions. In th...

Multiple infections of several bacterial species are often observed under natural farm conditions. The infections would cause a much more significant loss compared to a single infectious agent. Vaccination is an essential strategy to prevent diseases in aquaculture, and oral vaccination has been proposed as a promising technique since it requires n...

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is one of the fastest emerging diseases in the shrimp aquaculture industry. Based on a recent AHPND case reported in our local shrimp farm, this study aimed to isolate, identify and characterize the causal agent of AHPND isolated from a shrimp farm located in Malaysia. The isolates were first screened...

Vibrio harveyi causes vibriosis in various commercial marine fish species. The infection leads to significant economic losses for aquaculture farms, and vaccination is an alternative approach for the prevention and control of fish diseases for aquaculture sustainability. This study describes the use of formalin-killed Vibrio harveyi (FKVh) strain V...

A high death rate among red hybrid tilapias was observed in a farm in Selangor, Malaysia, in January 2020. The a�ected fish appeared lethargic, isolated from schooling group, showed loss of appetite, red and haemorrhagic skin, exophthalmia and enlarged gall bladders. Histopathological assessment revealed deformation of kidney tubules, and severe co...

Recombinant cell vaccines expressing the OmpK and DnaJ of Vibrio were developed and subsequently, a vaccination efficacy trial was carried out on juvenile seabass (~5 cm; ~20 g). The fish were divided into 5 groups of 50 fish per group, kept in triplicate. Groups 1 and 2 were injected with 107 CFU/mL of the inactivated recombinant cells vaccines, t...

The breakthrough in commercial shrimp breeding and farming in the 1960s has resulted in the establishment of shrimp aquaculture in Japan, Taiwan, China, The Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and consequently the other parts of the world. White-leg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei has become the main cultured shrimp species and accounted for 53% of the total...

Background and Aim: Aeromonas hydrophila is a major cause of bacterial infections affecting a wide range of warm water fishes worldwide. In Malaysia, A. hydrophila isolations from diseased fishes were previously reported; however, with limited information. The present study investigates the antibiotic susceptibility and pathogenicity of A. hydrophi...

Pantoea species (Pantoea spp.) is a diverse group of Gram-negative bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family that leads to devastating diseases in rice plants, thus affecting significant economic losses of rice production worldwide. Most critical rice diseases such as grain discoloration, bacterial leaf blight, stem necrosis and inhibition of seed...

Aim: Methodology: Results: Interpretation: Key words: To identify fish larvae to species level by DNA barcoding method using the mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase I (COI) gene. The lack of species identification work on fish larvae in Peninsular Malaysia has warrant this study to be conducted. Identification of fish larvae species from mangrove ar...

This study was conducted to determine the localisation of antigen in the gut of vaccinated and non-vaccinated red hybrid tilapia post-challenge via immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy. All groups (1, 2, 3, and 4) were vaccinated orally with feed-based killed whole-cells of Streptococcus iniae (FKV). Group 1 was fed with the FKV fo...

An unknown disease event in marine cage-cultured Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) was observed in Malaysia in September 2019, which affected adult-sized fish and resulted in significant mortality. Affected fish showed gross signs resembling scale drop disease such as lethargy, darkened dorsal part of the body, easily detached scales, severe scale l...

The production of tilapia Oreochromis spp. is rapidly growing throughout the world, but atypical motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS) is a current threat to the tilapia farming industry. The etiological agent of this disease is usually Aeromonas hydrophila. Mortality rates due to MAS are frequently high, resulting in a devastating negative impact on t...

Skin abrasions often occur in farmed fish following handling by labourers, injury by farm facilities, cannibalism and ectoparasites. Vibrio spp. are opportunistic pathogens that can invade host fish through damaged tissues and cause outbreaks of vibriosis. This study describes the effect of skin abrasions on the infectivity of V. harveyi using Asia...

Dietary lipids are important source of energy and essential fatty acids for fish. Moreover, dietary lipids act as carriers of nutrients such as the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. The addition of lipids to a diet also contributes to the effective utilization of dietary protein, through the protein sparing effect in fish. However, fish can utili...

In the past decade, shrimp farms, particularly those established in Asia, Mexico and South America suffered from the outbreak of an emergent penaeid shrimp disease known as Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHNPD). The PirA and PirB toxins produced by plasmid pVA1 in Vibrio parahaemolyticus were reported to cause the AHPND pathology. More re...

This article reports the antibiotics sensitivity and pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii 5L isolated from diseased red hybrid tilapia.

The growth of the aquaculture industry is becoming more important in the food production sector. Presently, the biggest problem in aquaculture is bacterial diseases that infect the host thus causing outbreaks and economic losses. Vibriosis is a potentially lethal threat in commercial fish farming. Based on previous researches, various infections of...

Javanese medaka is a small tropical fish that has been widely used as a test organism in ecology, toxicology and ecotoxicology, but less in fish-pathogen related study. This study evaluates the capability of Javanese medaka as an alternative model organism for aeromoniasis and vibriosis study in fish. Javanese medakas were infected with different c...

For more than a century, vibriosis affects various species of economically important cultured marine fishes around the globe. The knowledge of this bacterial disease on many species of cultured fish is still lacking, but progressing. This review focuses on updated fundamental knowledge related to vibriosis including the history, taxonomy, and vario...

In this study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain L11 was used as potential probiont in preliminary in vivo assay using Artemia and blue crab juveniles as final host. Strain L11 at 108 CFU mL-1 was found able to penetrate into gnotobiotic Artemia as early as 6h exposure. The survival rate of Artemia incubated with strain L11 at concentration of 106...

This study was carried out to determine the potential of a biofilm vaccine of Streptococcus agalactiae in protecting tilapia from streptococcocal infection. The tilapia were vaccinated orally using the biofilm vaccine with 10⁹10¹⁰ CFU/g (FBV) incorporated in feed and killed whole-cell vaccine (FCV) of S. agalactiae also prepared in feed, and the un...

Background: Vibriosis is an important bacterial disease of cultured marine fishes worldwide. However, information on the virulence and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio spp. isolated from fish are scarce. This study investigates the distribution of virulence associated genes and antibiotic resistance patterns of Vibrio spp. isolated from cage-cultur...

Newly developed live-attenuated protease derivative from pathogenic Vibrio harveyis train Vh1 as a live vaccine to against Vibriosis of aquatic animals. In the current study, we used the gnotobiotic A. salina as model to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the live-attenuated. This study was conducted by bacterial safety experiment and bacterial ef...

Current growth in aquaculture production is parallel with the increasing number of disease outbreaks, which negatively affect the production, profitability, and sustainability of global aquaculture industry. Vibriosis is among the most common diseases that leads to massive mortality of cultured shrimp, fish, and shellfish in Asia. High incidence of...

This study investigates the possible transmission sources of Vibrio spp. in a tropical cage‐cultured marine fishes. Samplings of cultured Asian seabass, red snapper, hybrid grouper, wild fish, trash fish, fish fry, water and sediment samples were conducted from December 2016 to August 2017. All fish were dissected in‐situ and swabs were taken asept...

Leaf blight is a severe disease of rice as it losses the quality of rice production, hence affecting the economic development of rice production in Malaysia. Symptoms of leaf blight appeared as water-soaking lesions from upper part of the leaf blades and later turned into brown stripes. The disease is commonly known to be caused by Xanthomonas oryz...

References Leaf blight is a severe disease of rice as it losses the quality of rice production, hence affecting the economic development of rice production in Malaysia. Symptoms of leaf blight appeared as water-soaking lesions from upper part of the leaf blades and later turned into brown stripes. The disease is commonly known to be caused by Xanth...

The use of antibiotics to curtail vibriosis, which is a major infectious disease, plaguing shrimp and prawn is rather becoming less effective and the need for a better alternative is expedient. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of V. alginolyticus were extracted, mixed with powdered commercial feed and fed to the prawns to evaluate its effect on g...

This paper reports a case of natural co-infection of Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) and Aeromonas veronii in a Malaysian red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus) farm. In May 2017, a tilapia farm operator reported a mass mortality among cultured red hybrid tilapia juveniles, approximately 45 days after introduction into earthen ponds....

Vibrio alginolyticus has been recognized as one of the most significant bacterial diseases in grouper species. In this study, two outer membrane proteins of V. alginolyticus, the OmpK and OmpW, were considered for vaccine development, since both OmpK and OmpW were proven by previous studies to be promising vaccine candidates. Recombinant vaccines w...

Sea cucumber breeding was carried out in Universiti Malaysia Sabah Hatchery Facilities in April 2015. Approximately 690,000 eggs were fertilised with a hatching rate of 9%, an estimated 60,000 larvae were produced. In June, the surviving 359 sea cucumber juveniles were sorted according to size. In late July, it was found that only 30 juvenile sea c...

This study describes the isolation and pathogenicity of Streptococcus iniae in cultured red hybrid tilapia (Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus × Mozambique Tilapia O. mossambicus ) in Malaysia. The isolated gram‐positive S. iniae appeared punctiform, transparently white, catalase and oxidase negative and produced complete β‐hemolysis on blood agar,...

The identification of larval fish has been an important morphological issue in marine biology due to the dramatic transformations that most species undergo from early larval stages to adulthood. Insufficient morphological diagnostic characters in larval fishes made it easy to misidentify them and a difficult process to key to genus and species leve...

Determining the expression level of genes encoding the subunit gonadotropic hormones is critical in understanding the reproductive cycle and gonadal development in fish species. The objectives of this study were to monitor changes in the mRNA expression of three gonadotropin (GtH) subunits (α, FSHβ, and LHβ) during gonadal development of the female...

The present study was carried out to isolate, screen and evaluate potential candidates of local bacteria isolated from tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and slipper cupped oysters Crassostrea iredalei as probiotics in shellfish aquaculture. A total of 144 of bacteria were successfully isolated from the intestine and stomach of 20 tails of healthy adult...

Aquaculture, especially shrimp production is the world`s fastest growing food production industry, due to increased demands for seafood. Conceivably, disease outbreak is the major setback which brings about high mortality and reduction or loss of production. The conventional use of antibiotics both prophylactically and therapeutically had recently...

Vibrio alginolyticus, is an important opportunistic pathogen for worldwide aquatic animals and marine environment. However, the microbiological methods like culture-based diagnosis and biochemical identification of V. alginolyticus is time consuming and unspecific. Thus, the aim of the study was to develop a duplex PCR assay for the species-specifi...

This study was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein requirement for lemon fin barb hybrid fingerlings. Triplicate groups of fish (1.00 +/- 0.05 g) were fed twice a day until apparent satiation with five isocaloric (16 kJ/g) diets containing varying protein level ranging from 20 to 40% for 60 days. Survival was not affected by the diet...

Hemibagrus nemurus is a valuable cultured catfish, but the production is limited due to problems associated with its reproduction, which are controlled by two pituitary gonadotropin (GtH) hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This study reports the cloning, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic study of GtH subuni...

Aeromonas infections are becoming a major risk factor in commercial aquaculture and it has been reported that a wide variety of fish and shellfish species are susceptible to this infection. In this study, 3 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) cultured in Kuala Pilah Simbilan Nigri i...

16S rRNA is a preserved biomolecule within a cell. The 16S rRNA gene sequences are used for bacterial identification, phylogeny and taxonomy. Sequencing data was analyzed and examined by sequencing the matching 16s rRNA regions of isolates from different part of prawn. Different biochemical tests definite isolates as Aeromonas hydrophila; those wer...

A study was conducted to isolate, partial characterize Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) vitellogenin (vtg). Two-year-old juvenile L. calcarifer (n = 10) were given three intraperitoneal injections of 17-β estradiol (E(2)) at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight to induce vitellogenesis. Blood was collected 3 days after the last injection, and plasma was...

A study was conducted to isolate, screen and characterize some potential probiotics from tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). Collection of bacterial strains was isolated from intestines of 51 juveniles tiger grouper. Preliminary screening on 123 isolates demonstrated that 40 (32.5%) bacteria displayed strong antagonistic activity when tested...

A study was carried out to determine the different fish species inhabiting the streams of Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (AHFR) in Puchong, Selangor. The study was carried for a period of days (from 13 to 16 April 2009) during the Scientific Expedition of AHFR, Puchong, organized by the Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The samples w...