Ina Koerner

• Hamburg University of Technology

Research in sub-Saharan Africa has shown failures in most of municipal waste composting initiatives because of bad-quality composts due to the lack of biowaste source segregation. Until now, very few biowaste source-segregation initiatives have been carried out on this part of the world. This study aimed at assessing the biowaste sorting efficiency...

With the growing awareness of microplastics in the environment, the question of microplastics as remnants of biodegradable plastic (BDP) products is gaining momentum. BDP bags for kitchen waste collection are often certified as fully compostable as proof of industrial compostability. Frequently certification is done using under standardized laborat...

Street tree pruning residues are a widely available and currently undervalorized bioresource. Their utilization could help alleviate an increasing biomass shortage and offset costs of the pruning process for the municipalities. In this work, a holistic valorization pathway of pruning residues leading to fibers, oligosaccharides, biogas, and compost...

In recent years, decentralized composting appeared as one of the most appropriate treatment options for organic waste valorization in low- and middle-income countries. In Cote d’Ivoire, a pilot project has proved the feasibility of organic municipal solid waste composting for the city of Tiassalé. However, numerous issues still need to be addressed...

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and trace elements (TEs) interactions (VFAs*TEs) during biomethanization have effects that could be exploited to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) of biomass. The goal of this study was to validate biocatalytic effects of specialized VFAs*TEs identified from a batch-derived Optimum TEs Configuration (or simply ‘Optimum’)...

The available data include the raw data and calculations on chemical analyses of various urban and rural green wastes. The wastes were selected in the context of a biorefinery concept and characterised within the FLEXIBI project. The data can be used to evaluate potentials for different recovery pathways. One pathway included in the evaluation is a...

Despite many composting initiatives implemented in recent years throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, there is yet a lack of data on material flows and the potential contribution of decentralized composting towards greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. This study fills this gap assessing flows, emissions reduction and other environmental benefits of decentrali...

Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of trace elements (TEs) supplementation in connection with the organic load rate (OLR) and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on methane (CH4) yields in semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of deinking sludge (DS) in order to judge the possibility to use DS as alternative energy source in...

Ensuring global food security is one of the challenges of our society. Nitrogen availability is key for food production, while contributing to different environmental impacts. This paper aims firstly to assess nitrogen flows and to highlight hotspots of inefficient use of nitrogen along the European food chain, excluding primary production. Secondl...

A method aiming at improving source-separation performance of household food waste (FW) was investigated in two areas with different socioeconomic characteristics in Lübeck, Germany. This included the test of a new FW collection system including the distribution of small collection buckets to each household. In addition, an information event was or...

Deinking sludge (DS) is a residue from the waste paper recycling industry. It is a by-product originating from the deinking process which is designed to remove inks and other impurities from waste papers to recover usable fibers. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of anaerobic digestion (AD) of DS in order to produce methane (...

This first edition of Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS) handbook provides an authoritative account of the main theories of Terra preta formation and the principles of TPS concerning material recycling and soil fertility improvement. Written by foremost academics in the field of sanitation and soil science, the handbook takes full account of the extensiv...

Anaerobic digestion is a waste treatment method which is of increasing interest worldwide. At the end of the process, a digestate remains, which can gain added value by being composted. A study was conducted in order to investigate microbial community dynamics during the composting process of a mixture of anaerobic digestate (derived from the anaer...

Steam refining of non-debarked spruce forest residues was investigated as pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis as well as for biogas production. Pretreatment conditions were varied in the range of 190-220°C, 5-10min and 0-3.7% SO2 according to a statistical design. For both applications highest product yields were predicted at 220°C and 2.4% SO2,...

Anaerobic Digestion (AD) Task Group has completed a second survey of the status of European biogas for the years 2010/12. The survey has been split into agricultural, industrial, urban waste and wastewater sectors and data has been collected from eleven countries for at least one of these sectors. The questions included driving forces, the number,...

The development and implementation level of composting and anaerobic digestion technologies for municipal biowaste management in Europe and Asia are different in many aspects. The progress of these technologies generally depends on the lifestyle, waste generation rate, waste characteristics, awareness level, acceptability, market value and other ec...

Not only due to the actual climate change, but also in consideration of exhaustible resources, alternative energy supplies for the steadily growing energy demand need to be found. The main emphasis should be placed on the substitution of fossil fuels with agricultural by-products and other organic materials. The utilisation of fresh grass or grass...

Wood PreservationHazardous PotentialCharacterization of PreservedWoodTreatment and DisposalReferences

Mass BalancesEnvironmental Emissions and ControlsUnit Process InventoriesQuality of CompostReferences

IntroductionTechnological Process Factors and Their ControlComposting SystemsComposting Technologies: Open TechnologiesComposting Technologies: Enclosed TechnologiesComposting Technologies: ReactorsExamples of Composting FacilitiesReferences

Executive Summary Many planners and decision makers in the area of municipal solid waste, as yet lack thorough understanding of the whole chain of waste management system and its impact on environmental quality and public health. By fact, with their plans and decisions, they have role on engendering the influence on the urban population and the cit...

Ausgehend von den in Kapitel 3 und 4 diskutierten für eine Biogaserzeugung prinzipiell einsetzbaren organischen Stoffe werden hier – nach einer Substratcharakterisierung – die bio-chemischen Grundlagen der anaeroben Fermentation dargestellt. Dann werden die Grundlagen der Prozesskinetik im Biogasreaktor diskutiert, die für die technische Umsetzung...

Unter Rückständen, Nebenprodukten und Abfällen werden hier Stoffe organischer Herkunft (d. h. Biomasse) verstanden, die bei der Herstellung eines bestimmten (Haupt-)Produktes (meist hergestellt mit dem Ziel der stofflichen Nutzung) aus organischen Stoffen anfallen und zur Bioenergiebereitstellung nutzbar sind. Derartige Biomassefraktionen kommen u....

Dresden, Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 1994.

Einige N-Verbindungen stellen als Düngemittel ein großes Ressourcenpotenzial dar. N-Verbindungen können aber auch zu Umweltbelastungen führen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die N-Verbindungen und ihre Veränderungen während der Kompostierung. Auf Basis von Technikumsuntersuchungen wurden N-Umsetzungen und -Austräge erfasst und N-Bilanzen erstell...