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October 2020 - present
Publications
Publications (33)
With the amendment to the German Climate Change Act in 2021, the Federal Government of Germany has set the target to become greenhouse gas neutral by 2045. Reaching this ambitious target requires multisectoral efforts, which in turn calls for interdisciplinary collaboration: the Net-Zero-2050 project of the Helmholtz Climate Initiative serves as an...
To reach their net‐zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard‐to‐abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio‐cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context‐specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the...
To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation.
Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the...
Due to the spread of COVID-19, a global pandemic has developed since December 2019, severely affecting various economic sectors, including tourism and secondary and tertiary industries. To analyse the effects of the European tourism sector on CO2 emissions, emissions are modelled together with tourism indicators. The model allows for estimating the...
Sustainability is a major issue in the automotive sector and players are at different points in their transition. Adopting a multi‐method approach, we identify the positioning of automotive manufacturers in relation to sustainability, highlighting the main foci of their sustainability strategies. This is achieved using a topic model based on automa...
Several European countries plan to phase out coal-fired power plants in order to reach their greenhouse gas abatement targets. Additionally, the phase-out will bring about so-called ancillary effects or co-effects. In our study, we focus on the co-effects induced in the countries that export coal to Europe. Furthermore, we examine the ancillary eff...
We apply a functional data approach for mixture model-based multivariate innovation clustering to identify different regional innovation portfolios in Europe, considering patterns of specialization among innovation types. We combine patent registration data and other innovation and economic data across 225 regions, 13 years, and eight patent classe...
We apply a functional data approach for mixture model-based multivariate innovation clustering to identify different regional innovation portfolios in Europe. Innovation concentration is considered as pattern of specialization among innovation types. We examine patent registration data and combine them with other innovation and economic data across...
The coronavirus pandemic as a shock on the tourism industry has shown a significant impact on CO2 emissions, not only measured by transportation emissions, but also
for the economy, wildlife, and nature in general.
This paper provides exploratory empirical evidence on the innovation characteristics of the European countries using a spatiotemporal approach. Using Bayesian Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (BAMLSS) a heteroscedastic Gaussian geoadditive model is specified. It incorporates different explanatory model terms for innovative activity, s...
This paper introduces two indicators for innovation, showing the allocation of innovation and its inherent diversity. Both indicators can give insights for regional innovation policy conception. The first indicator measures the share of patents in research and development expenditure, proposing a locational innovation output indicator. It can show...
Three analyses show regional and temporal behavior and determinants of innovation activity in Germany in the timeframe 2000-2016. Techniques as kernel density estimation and geoadditive modeling allow gaining insights into the allocation of innovation economics. On the geographical level of administrative districts innovation and its theory-based d...
The results of the MCMC estimation with 50,000 iterations (and a burn in period of 10,000 wherein samples are discarded) and 4 chains are shown in tables 16.1 and 16.2. The number of observations is 2412, as for the 402 districts data for six years is utilized. The mean and the standard deviation stated together with the probability intervals give...
As the positive contribution of innovation to regional economic growth is unquestioned, it can thus be seen as a key to achieving economic growth and therefore welfare (Acs, Anselin, and Varga 2002, p. 1069). Innovation itself is involved in almost every economic activity (Bell and Pavitt 1993; Kline and Rosenberg 1986) and can be understood in a v...
The main data source of this paper is the German Patent and Trademark Office’s bibliographical patent publication’s count data (DPMA 2017). For this paper’s purpose, the data in a timeframe from 2000-2016 is investigated. The dataset includes data on the applicant of the patent and its inventor, both of which are almost always listed with an addres...
The literature on the broad topic of regional innovation dispersion has many facets and several strands of theory stand out. Among them, there exist the (regional) innovation systems theory, considerations about related variety, innovation geography, growth theories and cluster approaches, as well as concentration indices and research about regiona...
The positive impact of innovation on economic growth is unquestioned. In the field between growth theories and agglomeration concepts innovation is a main driver of growth itself (Acs and Varga 2002, p. 132). Additionally, innovation itself is also dependent on growth, as growth can create an innovation-friendly environment by providing incentives...
Innovation and all its implied effects and processes are unquestionably related to the potential of increasing growth. It is seen as the key to a nation’s and region’s productivity, employment and welfare. Its role in regional economic development is unquestioned (Acs, Anselin, and Varga 2002, p. 1069), albeit it is clear that working in the field...
In the prior analyses several theoretically relevant covariates are examined regarding their influence on innovation activity proxied by patent publications. In this connection, the covariates obtained for all 402 administrative districts are taken mainly from 2014. Data for innovative activity are measured as patent publications from all regions,...
The concept of innovation as depending on space and time is shown throughout this work. The incorporation of a spatial relation by considering each value for a certain district specifically has proven beneficially for the determination of innovative activity, as it is now possible to explain hotspots and cold spots in innovation with the help of ce...
In the following analyses a set of patent publications from 2009 to 2016 is examined (DPMA 2017). Patents as indicator for innovation can be criticized, as Scherer (1965, p. 1098) for instance states. Innovation as such encompasses more than the inventions which are patented at last; and innovative action may not always result in a patent.
The history of patents as an indicator for innovative activities is a long one, as a patent is the quintessential symbol of innovative spirit (Griliches 1998, p. 287). It enables a company or an inventor to protect their invention from not being able to compensate initial R+D costs for developing the creation by excluding others from taking and usi...
In this paper, innovative activity derived from patent publications is investigated. Innovative activity in all technologies is compared to activity in the highly innovative field of AM (3D printing). The aim is to discover different locational hotspots for this specific technology.
This dissertation consists of three papers concerning the regional allocation of innovative activity and its determinants in Germany. The analyses focus on revealing the structure of innovation activity among German administrative districts on Nomenclature des Unités Territoriales Statistiques (NUTS)-3 level (meaning Landkreise and kreisfreie Städt...
The variables used in this paper are listed in table 11.1. The data for the dependent variable innovative activity are by the German Patent and Trademark Office (DPMA 2017) and are measured as the count of patent publications per administrative district in 2016. All further data are by the German Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (F...
Innovation is the main driver of economic growth (Cooke et al. 2013, p. 3). It is recommended to be considered as a broad concept to account for all types of innovation and all processes related to its development (OECD 2005). Following the neoclassical view of Solow (1956), innovation is part of the system which allows entities to catch up to each...
Does innovative activity in high-technologies concentrate elsewhere than innovation in general? If so, then where are hotspots and cold spots? Where are the differences? What are implications of the results?
German abstract:
"Besonders in der EU mit ihren stark heterogenen Mitgliedstaaten kommt den Einflussfaktoren regionalen Wachstums besondere Bedeutung zu. Im europäischen Bestreben werden Wachstumsziele oft mit dem Erreichen von Konvergenz zwischen den Regionen der EU gleichgesetzt. Konvergenz gilt als Schlüssel der Kohäsionspolitik, wobei der Erfol...
