Ilyas Siddique

Federal University of Santa Catarina | UFSC · Departamento de Fitotecnia

Topsoil properties were determined in forest gardens established about 20 years ago on eroded grassland soils (abandoned tea lands) in the wet zone of the Sri Lankan highlands. They were compared with adjacent, eroded grasslands (abandoned tea lands) on strongly weathered soils vs soils at earlier stages of pedogenic development in a two-way analys...

Nutrient enrichment is increasingly affecting many tropical ecosystems, but there is no information on how this affects tree biodiversity. To examine dynamics in vegetation structure and tree species biomass and diversity, we annually remeasured tree species before and for six years after repeated additions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in per...

Failures in reforestation are often attributed to nutrient limitation for tree growth. We compared tree performance and nitrogen and phosphorus relations in adjacent mixed-species plantings of contrasting composition, established for forest restoration on Ultisol soil, originally covered by tropical semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest in Southeast Brazi...

A identidade funcional (valores dominantes de atributos das plantas) e a diversidade funcional (variação nos valores de atributos) fazem parte da estrutura funcional de uma comunidade de plantas e podem pautar a composição de consórcios de espécies para prover múltiplos serviços agroecossistêmicos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da...

The diversified use of natural products from annually regenerating tissues from tropical tree taxa may contribute to biodiversity conservation through sustainable use. In this review, we compiled food and medicinal properties and uses of the megadiverse Brazilian Myrtaceae, reported in 95 scientific articles, 5 reference books, 2 online databases,...

Myrtaceae species such as uvaia, grumixama, and feijoa have been used in Brazil’s Agroforestry Systems (AFS). In AFS, frequent pruning occurs, and leaves are discarded. However, the leaves contain specific phenolic compounds (PC) that, when appropriately extracted, produce extracts with antioxidant activity (AA). These extracts meet the demand for...

1. Designing multispecies systems with suitable climatic affinity and identifying species' vulnerability under human-driven climate change are current challenges to achieve successful adaptation of natural systems. To address this problem, we need to (1) identify groups of species with climatic similarity under climate scenarios and (2) identify ar...

Agroecossistemas de alta resiliência e eficiência ecológica são uma necessidade real da sociedade moderna. Os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAF), caracterizados pela combinação de plantas arbóreas e espécies agrícolas, associadas no tempo e no espaço, se apresentam como uma alternativa promissora. Os SAF trazem os princípios de funcionamento dos ecossis...

The impacts of crop diversity on ecosystem functioning can vary across environmental conditions and land use histories. We conducted a two-year experiment to assess the effects of two diversification practices—vetch-oat cover cropping and cucumber-snow pea intercropping—on nitrogen (N) cycling and productivity across a farm management gradient. The...

Climate change is one of the main drivers of species extinction in the twentyfirst-century. Here, we (1) quantify potential changes in species’ bioclimatic area of habitat (BAH) of 135 native potential agroforestry species from the Brazilian flora, using two different climate change scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) and dispersal scenarios, where s...

(1) Brazil has great potential to expand the area under agroforestry, and thereby simultaneously enhance multiple ecosystem services. However, divergent interests are currently polarized between drastic environmental deregulation and public resource allocation to chemical-intensive land use versus conservation and sustainable agriculture. This high...

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We still lack practical guidelines for diversifying cropping systems that consider both yield and regulating functions of agroecosystems. Recent studies have suggested that maximizing functional diversity (FD, the distribution of species with different functional traits in the niche space) may lead to agroecosystems with greater multifunctionality...

Secondary tropical forests offer critical ecosystem services such as regulation of climate, soil and water resources, which are frequently traded off against the provision of forest products for human use or repeated clearing for agriculture. While some evidence also suggests potential synergies between regulating and material contributions of rege...

Secondary succession involves dynamic feedback among vegetation, environmental conditions and biota. Nevertheless, the recovery of tropical forests after anthropic management is often evaluated based solely on vegetation cover, which is easier to measure and requires less equipment and expertise than the assessment of soil and microclimate, but doe...

Chaya is a neglected, fast-growing and drought-resistant shrub, mostly cultivated in Mesoamerica as vegetable and medicinal plant. The increasing demand for safe products promotes processes with non-toxic solvents. In this context, Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) and Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) with ethanol were firstly applied to recove...

Forecasting the impacts of climate change on species distribution has several implications for conservation. Plinia edulis is a rare and threatened tree species from Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. In this study, we assessed the impact of global climate change on the distribution of P. edulis. Additionally, we evaluated the efficacy of the Brazilian...

O efeito da consorciação de Canavalia ensiformis ou Crotalaria juncea com pastagens de Cynodon nlemfuensis e Panicum maximum, foi comparado à testemunha sem leguminosas. A C. ensiformis proporcionou maior produtividade e a C. juncea maior concentração de N na fitomassa das gramíneas, indicando maior eficiência de uso de N que a testemunha. A densid...

Sustainable management of tropical and subtropical secondary forests for multiple purposes, including timber, may encourage farmers to promote regeneration of native forest. We studied the population structures and commercial timber production in two adjacent 33 years-old Brazilian Atlantic Forest stands: a 26 ha forest managed through enrichment w...

Tropical secondary forests are important sinks for atmospheric carbon, yet C uptake and accumulation rates are highly uncertain, and the mechanisms poorly understood. We evaluated the recovery of C stocks in four pools (aboveground biomass, litter, roots and topsoil) during dry forest regrowth by combining a space for time replacement (i.e. a chron...

A Rede de Sistemas Agroflorestais Agroecológicos do Sul do Brasil (Rede SAFAS) visa sistematizar diversos conhecimentos e experiências para propor ações transformadoras que ajudem a superar os obstáculos da multiplicação das agroflorestas. Para tanto, testamos diferentes metodologias de comunicação com vistas a facilitar o diálogo de saberes, inclu...

As experiências exitosas de um contexto muitas vezes inspiram, motivam e promovem soluções em outras localidades. Este estímulo pode ser ampliado e multiplicado através da sistematização e socialização de diversas experiências exitosas. Neste livro “Construindo Conhecimentos sobre Agroflorestas em Rede”, documentamos este processo com a contribuiçã...

Hurricanes Jova and Patricia were the first hurricanes in recent history to make landfall on the tropical dry forest ecosystem of the Pacific coast of Mexico. We examined the resilience of soil N and P availability and organic matter decomposition to the effects of both hurricanes in pastures, successional fields and old-growth forests of this regi...

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is widely recognized for its high levels of biodiversity and endemism. Its vast region concentrates also a large number of small farmers, who historically have been practicing swidden-fallow cultivation. Globally, there is contradictory evidence of the current fate of this traditional, integrated agricultural system, a...

Land-use change in tropical dry forests can dramatically alter soil properties, but little is known about their resilience. We assessed soil resilience by examining resistance to, as well as recovery from, pasture use by smallholder farmers in western Mexico. We measured 25 soil and vegetation properties and compared old-growth forest (OGF) sites a...

Plantations are frequently established on abandoned pasture lands to speed forest recovery. This strategy requires matching a tree species mix with the prevailing microenvironmental conditions. In four degraded pastures of the Mexican Lacandon rainforest, we planted 2,400 trees of 6 species (Guazuma ulmifolia, Inga vera, Ochroma pyramidale, Trichos...

Water and nitrogen (N) interact to influence soil N cycling and plant N acquisition. We studied indices of soil N availability and acquisition by woody plant taxa with distinct nutritional specialisations along a north Australian rainfall gradient from monsoonal savanna (1600-1300 mm annual rainfall) to semi-arid woodland (600-250 mm). Aridity resu...

La vulnerabilidad del socio-ecosistema de bosque tropical seco de Chamela, Jalisco, al cambio global: un análisis de sus componentes ecológicos y sociales Vulnerability of the tropical dry forest socio-ecosystem of Chamela, Jalisco, to global change: an analysis of its social and ecological components Resumen Se presenta una revisión de los compone...

Background/Question/Methods Although a plethora of studies have reported forest biomass or carbon accumulation during succession in tropical forests using a chronosequence approach, few of them have tested which are the attributes of the tree community associated to recovery. Previous work suggest that fallow age, structural attributes such as ba...

Understanding when biodiversity conservation and ecosystem-service maintenance are compatible is needed within the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Here, we evaluate current understanding and uncertainties of the effects of biodiversity change on selected ecosystem services and suggest ways to further under...

Nitrogen deposition, along with habitat loss and climate change, constitute a major threat to Earth’s biodiversity. Fossil fuel combustion and modern agriculture add more nitrogen to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems than all natural processes combined. Because nitrogen often limits productivity, this enrichment it likely to have major ecological...

One of today’s environmental challenges is reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) through reforestation. Forest plantations with adequate species composition and management sequester carbon and restore degraded areas simultaneously, but methods to estimate their biomass must be refined. In Mexico’s Lacandon Jungle, 103 trees were harvested to determine al...

Land-use change and management regime are expected to change biophysical properties of ecosystems and thus their ability to supply ecosystem services to society. Yet, little empirical information to date is available on the nature of such changes at local to landscape scales for a variety of types of ecosystems. In this work we present data from va...

Nitrogen and phosphorus additions negatively affect tree species diversity in tropical forest regrowth trajectories. Ecology 91:2121-2131. Appendix B. Quantification and detailed responses of species diversity. Quantification of tree species diversity Highly dynamic, rich assemblages such as in tropical secondary forests are inevitably incompletely...

Throughout the savanna biome, woody vegetation is cleared to increase productivity of herbaceous pasture. While clearing can result in increased pasture production of semi-arid dystrophic savannas in the short term, it is uncertain whether production is sustained in the long term. There is insufficient knowledge of how clearing affects soil nutrien...

While rapid deforestation in the tropics and subtropics continues unabated, natural forest regrowth has been delayed or arrested on millions of hectares. Accelerated forest recovery for multiple functions is in growing demand, but requires ecological understanding of tradeoffs among inherent ecosystem processes and services to humans in forest reha...

Interest in the restoration of tropical forests has gathered momentum in recent years because of the continuing loss of goods and services from forests and the increasing areas of degraded and abandoned forest lands. Some of the diverse approaches to overcoming this degradation in tropical landscapes are illustrated using case studies from a range...

Nutrient enrichment is increasingly affecting many tropical ecosystems, but there is no information on how this affects tree biodiversity. To examine dynamics in vegetation structure and tree species biomass and diversity, we annually remeasured tree species before and for six years after repeated additions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in per...

On the widespread eroded and acidified soils in the wet zone of the Sri Lankan highlands, abandoned tea plantations remain grasslands for many years because regular fire inhibits succession. Tree-dominated, 'stratified', multispecies agroforests, called forest gardens, have been planted for their socio-economic benefits. In this study, topsoil fer...