Ijaud Journal of Architecture and Urban Development

Islamic Azad University Tehran Science and Research Branch | SRBIAU · Department of Art and Architecture

Improving the thermal comfort of occupants in indoor spaces is one of the objectives of improving building construction techniques. In temperate and humid climates, window shutters are utilized as a protective shield during storms. They can also block the view from the outside environment into the room. In this study, we looked into how the inner c...

ABS TRACT: One of the ways to achieve high energy efficiency in buildings and an effective sys tem is to utilize local architectural experiences. In this connection, the central courtyard is an element that was used in the pas t to create comfort in the hot and dry climates of Kashan, Iran. A large part of the literature in the pas t has focused on...

ABS TRACT: In a different context, the user's needs in a housing apartment are cons tantly changing; it is required that the provided house, by having flexibility, can always be responsive to the user's needs in various situations, which would be a challenge for specialized areas of housing, including design. To perform a flexible housing design, t...

ABS TRACT: Designing the facade's color based on user evaluation is necessary due to the effect of color on people's evaluation. To evaluate the facade's color, its combination should be categorized. The emotional dimensions of color evaluation should be assessed due to the variety of emotional scales of color evaluation. Thus, the ques tion arises...

ABS TRACT: Ease of routing is one of the mos t important principles in the design of public spaces. Such spaces can provide higher desirability when they can communicate with numerous users. This s tudy aims to find the components affecting the mental image, to inves tigate the compliance of the mental map of passengers from the terminal, and the e...

ABS TRACT: Today, spending leisure time has become part of humans' lives which can take on various forms. Spending leisure time, on the one hand, and the priority of selecting a place, on the other hand, differ from each other. The main research ques tion is How are leisure places selected and prioritized in a case s tudy of Tehran's Dis trict 2? T...

ABS TRACT: Unders tanding how discourse is spatialized needs a conceptual ground for the discussion, and this s tudy believes that the Foucauldian view is the right one. With a non-cartesian attitude, Michel Foucault considered the body as space and used archaeological and genealogical analysis to s tudy its productive conditions. In his archaeolog...

ABS TRACT: Iranian architecture s tarted to develop at the beginning of the Pahlavi era, and a his torical gap happened between what was identified as traditional and contemporary architecture. Meanwhile, some efforts were made to es tablish a connection with the identity of Iranian architecture, which this confrontation has been extended up to now...

ABS TRACT: The term of brownfield and its redevelopment has been considered extensively in the world urban planning literature. However, the nature of the brownfields and the differences between how they are created in countries have caused this term to be defined based on the contextual and typological conditions in each country, involving a wide...

ABS TRACT: The complete s treets movement has been defined as the lates t movement for providing safe s treets for all modes of transportation and people of all ages and abilities through redesigning s treets' spaces. The firs t phase in planning a successful complete s treet for any location is es tablishing a solid policy. To identify the key com...

ABS TRACT: The high consumption of non-renewable energy and fossil fuel pollution has been a significant issue in recent decades. The transportation sector, which is affected by travel patterns, has a subs tantial s take in energy use; these patterns depend on various factors, including social and economic factors. The purpose of this paper is to e...

ABS TRACT:Augmented reality (AR) builds better participation for placemaking by focusing on real time features, communication, and direct information flow between project s takeholders. This s tudy attempts to access to specification of the Augmented Reality Sys tem for Placemaking (ARSP) model and make the research a basis for a profitable e-busin...

ABS TRACT: Education is affected by many factors, including mental and emotional conditions and the physical environment. The quality of architectural space in educational spaces, since it can affect s tudents' sensory, intellectual and perceptual cognition, can also affect their satisfaction with the school environment. This research tries to iden...

ABS TRACT: Need to solve the housing problem, the formation of experimental projects and the design and cons truction of new organized concepts have been done. One of the areas that, due to the development of indus tries, contains various examples of corporate housing is the city of Ahvaz. The present s tudy intends to explain these concepts by rec...

ABS TRACT: Environmental dimensions can be used as indicators of urban quality of life due to their potential contribution to subjective well-being. The environment is cons tituted by the interacting sys tems of physical, biological, and social elements interrelated in various ways, individually and collectively. This s tudy aims to uncover qualita...

Park design in Iran has followed the traditional European style since the Qajar dynasty. The familiarity of Iranians with the spirit of Persian gardens and the low quality of the newest parks is such that users prefer ancient geometrical Persian gardens. Today, those responsible for the design of urban green spaces lacking examples differing from t...

Since nature of architecture is quite different from that of other fields of study, the criteria used for judging projects in this field continuously undergo some changes. On the other hand, because of the undeniable role of human factors in judging the projects, there is always a percentage of deviation from the standard given the interests of the...

By designing conditions and relaxing spaces with the help of values and concepts of Japanese architecture, based on Zen's philosophy that based on simplicity, purity, avoidance of complexity and relaxation, it has tried to bring an experience of relaxation to the audience. This article seeks to investigate a principled relationship between the prin...

Despite the availability of extensive facilities for children, the effect of environment on creativity of children is often ignored. It is a fact that children can attend the playgrounds in city parks, independently, from age 6, therefore they become exposed to influence of the environment during this age period. It is necessary to design playgroun...

Despite the availability of extensive facilities for children, the effect of environment on creativity of children is often ignored. It is a fact that children can attend the playgrounds in city parks, independently, from age 6, therefore they become exposed to influence of the environment during this age period. It is necessary to design playgroun...

Given more than seven thousand years of urbanization and highly diverse topographic and geographical conditions, Iran is one of the treasures through the world's architectural history. Climatic diversity, on the one hand, and long history of living, on the other hand, has led to noteworthy and valuable achievement in architecture and urbanization w...

School is an environment which brings out students' hidden talents. Paying attention to an appropriate context and environment has a huge impact on achieving this goal. The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate semantic factors provided by experts influence students' sense of belonging at high school students in terms of Iranian exper...

Sustainability is observed in many aspects and elements of traditional Iranian architecture, planner and landscape architecture, and this method was used to solve many problems for many countries. The aim of this article is to achieve a sustainable approach in planning urban renewal projects to identify the relationship between urban design conside...

Environmental psychology is one of the subjects that has currently attracted the attention of many people involved in education. Paying attention in school, work, and generally life environments in addition to other elements, can play a significant role in attracting individuals and improving their lifestyle, education and work. Hence, tending to s...

The Clarification of the field-oriented thought in Iranian contemporary architecture through the sociological knowledge model can be studied and analyzed as a comparative model as well as the location of the phenomena of Iranian contemporary society, especially architecture. Although sociology of knowledge must be able to control the cause of socia...

Due to rapid growth of urbanization and economic demand, we are continuously losing our fields, our free lands, open sky, ponds, lakes; actually our breathing spaces. Sometimes for zoning policies, migration or transferal of a particular business or activity, a place like waterfronts, body of water, military or industrial sites can lost its importa...

The question from the mission of architecture and its relationship with human as the artist or the audience, without addressing to the reality issue and the manner of cognition is not possible. As a human phenomenon, architecture is a product of human awareness on various aspects such as scientific, engineering, and artistic aspects. Therefore, cla...

Buildings play an important role in the energy demand sector. Due to the increase of environmental concerns and renewable energy sources restriction, lighting control systems will play an important role in the reduction of energy consumption of the lighting without impeding comfort goals. Lighting control systems can control lighting consumption ac...

In our present research, we focus on the modeling of airflow related to natural disasters, such as sand accumulation, with urban form studies. The objective is to find which urban form can promote sand passing and reduce as much as possible stagnation of sand in the building area (streets, alleys, etc.). The urban form design will be discussed thro...

Development which is less attention to the environment, inefficient use of energy as well as the increasingly dense city make space for the concept of green building to grow even more in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the implementation of green building principles in commercial buildings. There are three...

The human population has been growing at least at the rate of 1.2% annually since 1960 reaching up to 6.4B in 2002 and more than 7.0B in 2012. In Davao City, the annual population growth rate is running at 3.22% in year 1990, at 2.41% last 2007 and recently in 2013 at 2.36%. The alarming problem we confront today is that the increase in land area f...

Organization of living environment is possible through a clear definition of private and public arenas and determination of a spatial hierarchy. Such defined arenas increase the sense of belonging to the environment which personalizes residential environments. Enclosure is among the quantities that play a significant role in defining the spaces. In...

Banjarmasin is known as a tidal waterfront city and it is called City of a Thousand Rivers. The city level was approximately-16 cm below the sea level and almost a swamp-land. The urbanization and the city development programs have changed the city's physical and spatial plan from a wetland to a mainland structure. The issues of the city's transfor...

Climate is one of the many factors such as socio-cultural values, economics, materials, administrative factors and technology that influence architectural forms. The climatic solutions effecting on architecture, differ in various regions, cultures, time and technology. The climate of the province of Golestan plays an active role in the formation an...

In this paper, the build and survived railway stations over the time at which first railway line construction started at Turkey until the present had been examined and the ones which were out of use and lost their original function with time had been determined. Also the determined building stock had been evaluated based on the principle of giving...

Walking being the oldest form of urban transport, and until the advent of major transformations in transport technology in the nineteenth century, most cities were structured in ways that supported walkability. Today, there is a change in transportation which emphasizes, the traditional pedestrian paths which are increasingly becoming non-regulated...

Nowadays, planning is no longer considered merely a scientific and technical career nor a government responsibity. It rather functions as a bridge connecting the planners to institutional changes. In other words, the planning theory does not develop in a social, economic and political vacuum, but is formulated by individuals in social situations wi...

City is the most complicated and tangible creature of man. There is a critical mutual communication between human and city; and the effect of one' living environment is beyond question. Graffiti is a new urban phenomenon, which has drawn attention in light of its connection with protestation culture and street art. Thanks to symbolism of graffiti,...

Value literally means to assess the worth of something against something else. The importance of the assessment of this word in the economic areas in a few past years has led the recognition of urban values especially in their historical parts. It is hypothesis that recognition, assessment, and introducing the existing values in historical cities h...

Fast and unplanned city growth, has effects such as isolation of village societies, threatening urban cores and centers and small and weak societies, destruction of open spaces and open and natural regions. Smart growth offers a sustainable way for urban developing with appropriate use of available sources, increase of urban services, developing ne...

Without the surrounding environment of a site, architecture loses its full meaning. In the evolution of the design process, a site's environment should be understood as the integral factor within which a designed product or artifact is expected to perform. The environment is not of secondary priority. Every building is intertwined with its context;...

As it is commonly understood, Urban neighborhoods play a significant role in developing urban sustainability as the smallest unit of city so that the formation and promotion of neighborhood identity, and focusing on social relationships would be in harmony with urban sustainability. It is believed that a dramatic change in spatial structure of urba...

Recycling process is one of the most important processes in the trend of sustainable development, a logical reaction against the problems that results from industrial age. Building materials can play an important role in the process of a building formation or destruction, in fact, materials forms the building nature. Thus, the role of material and...

Ego identity defined as a fundamental element of a person and as self-continuum, mental and inward image that an individual has about him or herself. This subject investigated in contemporary world, amply. For actualizing and testing this concept, four bases including achievement, moratorium, foreclosure and diffusion introduced and based on this f...

The present article is intended to analyze the status of architectural education during two periods before and after Cultural Revolution in Iran and in order to interpret approaches and paradigms, methods, and way of its development thereby, it deals with criticism of current situation in the field of architectural education. For this purpose, it h...

Defining space by dividing it to inside and outside is one of human's ways to recognize his position in environment. Architecture is created to response to this need for inside/outside spaces. Design of inside and outside Spaces and relation between them always has been one of necessities for definition and limitation of human living spaces, but li...

Migration of people to urban areas from the rural areas usually comes with its challenges in terms of infrastructural requirement and housing to cater for growing population. One of the challenge for the urban dwellers in Nigeria is that of adequate housing. The inability of the government to meet this demand has seen the people concerned seeking a...

Pedestrian areas are a type of urban public space, nowadays because of the serious consequences of car-dependency and ignoring pedestrian needs, a consensus on the importance of walking and the necessity for planning for pedestrians movement has been formed among urban designers, planners and people. The concerns about human health and movement in...

Malay home surroundings is varies in plants pattern as well as a variety of size. The plants species cultivated own their particular reasons. Malay house environment is so harmony with humans, Mother Nature also culture relationship has visualise a unique environmental design. In this accomplishing research, it will provide an understanding of plan...

Squares as urban spaces are the arena for people formed by physical proportions and variety of functions such as religious, commercial, cultural, etc. Shohada square as a focal point in Mashhad , is one of the main arteries of access to Holly shrine of Imam Reza and makes access to utilities and major axes. According to the former urban pattern and...

Walking being the oldest form of urban transport, and until the advent of major transformations in transport technology in the nineteenth century, most cities were structured in ways that supported walkability. Today, there is a change in transportation which emphasizes, the traditional pedestrian paths which are increasingly becoming non-regulated...

Urban landscapes form the main parts of the city. One of these spaces is urban streets, in which social interactions and urban vitality reach its maximum quality and quantity. One of the principles and properties of urban landscape design is its intelligibility. A viewer who takes a look at an intelligible city and knows it can attract new emotiona...

The following study aims to present an innovative approach for Design. Participatory Design is the model of direct involvement of different social groups in the design from functional tools to environments, social institutions and businesses. Diverse collection of practices has been developed to support this direct involvement by Participatory Desi...

Contemporary architecture by symbolic and visual design creates an image in the minds of tourists so that these images are then converted to urban brands. Combining symbolic monuments and modern buildings in the world today is a promising development of cities in many municipalities, municipalities and government agencies to freely and without rega...

Planners have regarded understanding urban use per capita since the beginning of new thinking of urban development. This was stared with its pragmatics toward primary comprehensive urban plans and became a source for urban development plans that have tried to adapt per capita and standards with country's conditions. Iran's Supreme Council for Plann...

Introduction of modern architecture in Iran and its popularization in 1950s and after, brought some new concepts in everyday life of Iranian women, among which was "kitchen as heart of home-life". Younger members of current generation are grown in these modernized spaces while a bit older ones have experienced houses of traditional style. This stud...

As cited in the constitution of the Islamic republic of Iran, it's one of the responsibilities of the government to provide appropriate housing for the people of Iran. The main aim of current study was to assess satisfaction rate of a Mehr housing residents in Fars province, southwest of Iran. Randomly selected heads of 100 households residents of...

Middle of squares, one of the components of physical aspect is considered as an appropriate indicator in designing successful urban squares, which consequently promotes visual quality. The present study aims to determine how the above mentioned aspect was presented in the Middle-Ages and Renaissance within Italian squares. Considering the aim of th...

Although in most of the rural development plans, relocation of informal settlements is often considered as an efficient solution to increase safety of rural communities against natural and man-made disasters, such as, earthquakes, fire hazards, floods, etc. an evaluation of recent experiences in the relocation projects show that the relocated commu...

The design of tourist walkways and developments of strategies for more prolonged presence of people at ancient contextures are considered as vivid multiple procedures in protecting of contexture, tour guiding and urban sustainability. Shading in open spaces and pathways, especially in tourist areas, is one of the most important factors in providing...

One of the most important natural factors and critical facilities in Tehran is presence of Alborz Slopes River-Valleys which have been considered as natural tourist places for citizens since a long time ago, especially in hot summers and play effective role in creating a balance between manmade and natural spaces. Importance of these river-valleys...

Banberz, Banbor, and Sabziabad neighborhoods are three residential districts on the periphery of Ilam city, and are facing a lot of problems namely social, economic, and physical, particularly in housing sector including low quality, poor housing, limited-quantity housing. In order to assess the sustainability of housing, 75 indicators and to rank...

For over the past several decades, there has been a great concern about energy crisis and lack of non-renewable resources. Residential buildings take more than 25% of the total energy consumption and more than 75% of energy consumption in these buildings is for heating, cooling and hot sanitary water. On the other hand, traditional buildings of Ira...

Recognizing the link between "Cognition" and "Architectural Creation" indicates that there is a relation between subject and object. Correct understanding of this relationship helps artistic creativity, especially in the architecture, to take steps towards proving truth that have caused works to be continued over the past times. Knowledge and cogni...

The term 'deteriorated texture' gives all experts as well as ordinary people almost the same impression. Despite common points in images, the differences put Iran cities in different categories based on deteriorated textures. This classification not only has negative effect on the audience from mental point of view but causes various problems for t...

The experience of Iranian-Islamic cities represents the role of mosques on physical and social organization in urban neighborhoods. It appears that this role has been changed during the contemporary era. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of social and cultural contexts on the performance of local mosques. The main question of this...

In order to respond to the problem of urban decline, different approaches have been defined in such a way that urban regeneration approach became current in the 1980s (and more wildly after 1995) as a replacement for urban renewal. Urban regeneration is the holistic process of reversing economic, social and physical decay in areas where it has reac...

A major reason why many developing nations have not made significant advancement in sustainable development (SD) agenda is the neglect of existing building stock which forms the bulk of built assets. Although sustainable development is a universal challenge, it cannot be approached in the same way for all nations, but rather practical response can...

Nowadays, huge tendency to fashion and consumerism could be assumed as the origin of identity crisis among women and in their houses. This phenomenon is like a veil between man and the fact of his human being. Given that the physical properties of man-made environments (house) are influenced by human properties and, in return, have an important rol...