Igor ShkvoretsSail for Science · Oceanography
Igor Shkvorets
MSc
Author of www.salinometry.com - an informational website about measurements of salinity, salinometers, CTD-systems.
About
14
Publications
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37
Citations
Introduction
Igor Shkvorets currently sail the world, accomplishing the mission of his non-for-profit " Sail for Science" project: www.sailforscience.com
Additional affiliations
Position
- Oceanographer, Head of Metrology
Publications
Publications (14)
The static and dynamic performances of the RBR argo ³ are investigated using a combination of lab-based and in situ datasets from floats deployed as part of an Argo pilot program. Temperature and pressure measurements compare well to colocated reference data acquired from shipboard CTDs. Static accuracy of salinity measurements is significantly imp...
This study demonstrates the long-term stability of salinity measurements from Argo floats equipped with inductive conductivity cells, which have extended float lifetimes as compared to electrode-type cells. New Argo float sensor payloads must meet the demands of the Argo governance committees before they are implemented globally. Currently, the use...
This study demonstrates the long-term stability of salinity measurements from Argo floats equipped with inductive conductivity cells, which have extended float lifetimes as compared to electrode-type cells. New Argo float sensor payloads must meet the demands of the Argo governance committees before they are implemented globally. Currently, the use...
This study demonstrates high levels of long-term stability of salinity measured by Argo floats with inductive conductivity cells, which have extended float lifetimes as compared to electrode-type cells. New Argo float sensor payloads must meet the demands of the Argo governance committees before they are implemented globally. Currently, the use of...
This manual documents a series of test procedures for quality control (QC) of temperature and salinity (TS) data. TS observations covered by these procedures are collected in oceans, coastal waters, and lakes in real time. The characteristics of real time are:
- data delivered as soon as possible after acquisition for immediate use
- a time series...
During summer, temperate lakes often exhibit recurrent eutrophication and hypoxia and there has been significant research into the causes and effects. Phytoplankton blooms and low oxygen have also been observed in these lakes under winter ice; however, detailed studies coupling winter stratification to biogeochemistry are lacking. In this study, fo...
This paper demonstrates several key advantages of the inductive conductivity sensor. In calibration the sensor has a linear response and may be calibrated with direct traceability to primary standards without assumptions about the salinity scale; one calibration can be used for a wide range of salinities and temperature compensation can be directly...
This paper addresses the importance of performing salinity measurements
of deep sea water without warming samples to room temperature. Practical
salinity of deep water samples were measured by the inductive dual cell
ratiometric Micro-salinometer MS-310 that was set in the range of
deep-water temperatures (2-5°C). This setup eliminates the need to...
MS-310, a dual-channel inductive micro-salinometer manufactured by RBR Ltd., Canada, permits users of its conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) systems to have a reliable, low-cost reference instrument for easy field calibration and data quality control. The laboratory trials of instrument indicate that it can measure salinity with accuracy be...
The inductive conductivity cell is widely used by many companies for oceanographic conductivity measurements. Advantages include: the absence of electrodes to corrode; durable surfaces for cleaning; and a ruggedness capable of withstanding extreme internal pressures during freezing or shock. In its simplest form, it has one disadvantage - that ther...
This paper describes the development of a new compact laboratory salinometer for the measurement of practical salinity of samples of seawater. The principles of the design are given. The instrument compares the conductance of the sample of seawater directly with that of a standard. A dual inductive cell system removes the need for highly stable bat...
The paper examines contemporary instrumentation for salinity, temperature and pressure measurements and the methods of their
employment with the purpose of evaluating and eliminating the regular component of the basic and the additional errors of
the CTD-system, which enables one to reduce by an order the error of thein situ measurements.
The paper considers the thermohaline structure of Black Sea abyssal and near-bottom waters on the basis of exact measurements
recorded in recent years under the HYDROBLACK and COMSBLACK international projects. The surface water mass (along with the
cold mixed layer), the intermediate, abyssal, and near-bottom masses are identified. The upper bounda...
Questions
Question (1)
Really...Practical, but unit-less or unpractical, but unitized? Is it important to have salinity defined in SI units? What percent of your data expressed in the Absolute salinity units, compare to the Practical salinity?
I am asking question from the point of a manufacturer of the oceanographic instruments, where implementation of the Absolute salinity as derived parameter is under process of discussion. Would users of the CTD probe be satisfied to obtain in derivations instead of geo-position defined Absolute salinity, simply defined Reference salinity, expressed in g/kg ?
