Ibrokhim Y Abdurakhmonov

Ministry of Innovational Development

Simultaneous improvement of fibre quality, early-flowering, early-maturity and productivity in Upland cotton (G. hirsutum) is a challenging task for conventional breeding. The influence of red/far-red light ratio on the fibre length prompted us to examine the phenotypic effects of RNA interference (RNAi) of the cotton PHYA1 gene. Here we show a sup...

Phytochromes are a family of red/far-red photoreceptors that regulate a number of important developmental traits in cotton (Gossypium spp.), including plant architecture, fiber development, and photoperiodic flowering. Little is known about the composition and evolution of the phytochrome gene family in diploid (G. herbaceum, G. raimondii) or allot...

Cotton is the world’s leading cash crop, but it lags behind other major crops for marker-assisted breeding due to limited polymorphisms and a genetic bottleneck through historic domestication. This underlies a need for characterization, tagging, and utilization of existing natural polymorphisms in cotton germplasm collections. Here we report geneti...

The involvement of small RNAs in cotton fiber development is under explored. The objective of this work was to directly clone, annotate, and analyze small RNAs of developing ovules to reveal the candidate small interfering RNA/microRNAs involved in cotton ovule and fiber development. We cloned small RNA sequences from 0-10 days post anthesis (DPA)...

Compared to the conventional linkage mapping, linkage disequilibrium (LD)-mapping, using the nonrandom associations of loci in haplotypes, is a powerful high-resolution mapping tool for complex quantitative traits. The recent advances in the development of unbiased association mapping approaches for plant population with their successful applicatio...

Plant-based edible vaccines that provide two-layered protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outweigh the currently used parenteral type of vaccines, predominantly causing a systemic immune response. Here we engineered and selected the transgenic tomato genotype (TOMOVAC), stably synthesising an antigenic S1...

The coronavirus pandemic showed the need for urgently improvement of different sectors in Uzbekistan, especially, the healthcare system and the biopharma industries. Uzbekistan government and private sectors have taken comprehensive measures to control the spread of infection in the country and tried to mitigate the impact of the pandemic. In this...

This book discusses the latest advances in cotton genetics and the biochemistry, physiology, bioinformatics, and genomics of the cotton plant. Chapters cover genomics and transcriptomics approaches to characterization and tagging of essential genes, novel transgenic tools to accelerate breeding against climate issues, abiotic and biotic stress pres...

Model plants, among all other plant species, are very important for genetic studies to enhance understanding of plant life on our planet. Model plant species help researchers to study the genetics of key biological phenomena, processes, and characteristics. Plant models, as whole plants are grown from seed as well as tissue or cell culture, are use...

Tracking temporal and spatial genomic changes and evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are among the most urgent research topics worldwide, which help to elucidate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis and the effect of deleterious variants. Our current study concentrates genetic diversity of...

Here, we present the first experimental validation of the possibility for obtaining immune milk with neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from vaccinated cows and goat using approved recombinant protein human coronavirus vaccine, ZF-UZ-VAC2001, in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the period of 2 weeks after first vaccination, we detected the ne...

Over the past 18 yr, Fusarium wilt race 4 (FOV4) has affected cotton (Gossypium spp.) production in the San Joaquin Valley of California, and more recently this pathogen was formally identified in 2017 in the El Paso, TX, region and in 2019 in New Mexico. The primary purpose for the germplasm release is to provide cotton breeders with needed altern...

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) helps to shorten breeding time as well as reduce breeding resources and efforts. In our MAS program, we have targeted one of previously reported LD-blocks with its simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker(s), putatively associated with, at least, four different fibre quality QTLs such as fibre length, strength, micronaire...

Background: The ZF2001 vaccine, which contains a dimeric form of the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant, was shown to be safe, with an acceptable side-effect profile, and immunogenic in adults in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-b...

Global climate change manifested in average annual temperature rise and imbalance of most natural factors, such as changes in annual mean rainfall, air humidity, average temperature of cold and warm months, soil quality, etc., lead to climatic zones displacement. All these have a significant impact on agricultural production in total, including cot...

Due to rapid mutations in the coronavirus genome over time and re-emergence of multiple novel variants of concerns (VOC), there is a continuous need for a periodic genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genotypes of particular region. This is for on-time development of diagnostics, monitoring and therapeutic tools against virus in the global pandemics con...

Here we report the first experimental validation of the possibility for obtaining immune milk with neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from vaccinated cow and goat using recombinant protein human vaccine, ZF-UZ-VAC2001. In the period of two weeks after first vaccination, we detected the neutralizing antibodies against coronavirus in the bloo...

Due to rapid mutations in the coronavirus genome over time and re-emergence of multiple novel variants of concerns (VOC), there is a continuous need for a periodic genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genotypes of particular region. This is for on-time development of diagnostics, monitoring and therapeutic tools against virus in the global pandemics con...

Cotton genetic resources contain diverse economically important traits that can be used widely in breeding approaches to create of high-yielding elite cultivars with superior fiber quality and adapted to biotic and abiotic stresses. Nevertheless, the creation of new cultivars using conventional breeding methods is limited by the cost and proved to...

Biomechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering is a useful resource for scientists, researchers, engineers, and clinical practitioners involved in bioengineering solutions for improved patient quality of life. It focuses on the potentially impactful role of applied and functional bio-dental tissue engineering, drug/gene delivery (controlled and met...

Cotton is one of the most important crops in the world. The Gossypium genus is represented by 50 species, divided into two levels of ploidy: diploid (2n = 26) and tetraploid (2n = 52). This diversity of Gossypium species provides an ideal model for studying the evolution and domestication of polyploids. In this regard, studies of the origin and evo...

Genetic approaches often lead to the most cost-effective and efficient means to improve crops, especially those grown widely. But for most crops, cotton included, genetic improvement efforts have focused far more on above-ground plant attributes than on root systems. Root system establishment is crucial to cotton seedling success, subsequent develo...

Plant Breeding – Current and Future Views provides scientific views from leading international scientists on the latest advances in plant breeding, in particular new crop development, breeding for stressful conditions, new tools in plant molecular breeding, and crop biotechnology. The chapters present new updates in the field of plant breeding, cov...

The main task of plant breeding is creating of high-yield, resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses crop varieties with high product quality. The using of traditional breeding methods is limited by the duration of the new crop varieties creation with the required agronomic traits. This depends not only on the duration of growing season and reaching...

This article discusses problems in the breeding programs of the seedless grapes, the way of introducing of the biotechnology and gene technology skills to resolve its issues, and the advantages of molecular markers to select seedlessness among the hybrid progeny of grapes. Uzbekistan is famous for its seedless grapes, but on the other hand, the gra...

Proteomics Technologies and Applications reviews and describes the nature and application of molecules with proteins or peptides, and elucidates and predicts the possible molecular and physiological causes related to changing proteomic profiles. Chapters target various methods and tools available for analysis, detection, separation, quantification,...

Bacterial strain 1020R from the genus Pseudoalteromonas sp. produces prodigiosin and its closely related compounds, which differ in the length of their alkyl side chains. These red-pigmented compounds have been found to exhibit cytotoxicity against human leukemic cell lines. The compounds also demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on prot...

Background Recently, putative pre-miRNAs locations have been identified in the introns of plant genes, raising the question whether such genes can show a dual functionality by having both correct maturation of the host gene pre-mRNA and maturation of the miRNAs from the intron. Here, we demonstrated that such dual functionality is indeed possible,...

Small RNAs (sRNAs) are short, non-coding, 17-24 nucleotides long RNA molecules that play vital roles in regulating gene expression in every known organism investigated to date including cotton (Gossypium ssp.). These tiny RNA molecules target diverse categories of genes from different bioliogical and metabolic processes and have been reported in th...

Genotyping, a methodological process of detecting the allelic content of loci in a given genome, helps to reveal differences between and among individuals of comparisons. It helps in diagnostics and treatment of diseases, molecular breeding of agricultural crops, barcoding of unique biological materials, solving forensics issues, and/or controlling...

Bioinformatics has evolved significantly in the era of post genomics and big data. Huge advancements were made toward storing, handling, mining, comparing, extracting, clustering and analysis as well as visualization of big macromolecular data using novel computational approaches, machine and deep learning methods, and web-based server tools. There...

Global food demand is expected to nearly double by 2050 due to an increase in the world’s population. The Green Revolution has played a key role in the past century by increasing agricultural productivity worldwide, however, limited availability and continued depletion of natural resources such as arable land and water will continue to pose a serio...

Cotton, a major crop for human consumption, is used as shelter and food source by many small pests and pathogens. Each part of the plant can be damaged by insects, fungi, and microorganisms. Cotton plant is attacked by several destructive insects, which cause a major yield loses annually. Today saving cotton yield from insect-pests is very importan...

Modern biotechnological approaches including RNA interference (RNAi) is widely used for pest management. Current insect-resistant (IR) genetically modified (GM) crops are well adapted for modern crop production. Speed at which these new technologies are progressing underlie needs to predict and assess the potential human and ecological risks associ...

A chromosome substitution line, CS-B25, was developed by the substitution of chromosome pair 25 of Gossypium hirsutum TM-1 with the homologous pair of chromosome 25 from G. barbadense, a double haploid Pima 3-79 line. CS-B25 has improved fiber traits compared to its parent TM-1. To explore the molecule mechanisms underlying improved fiber traits, d...

Limited polymorphism and narrow genetic base, due to genetic bottleneck through historic domestication, highlight a need for comprehensive characterization and utilization of existing genetic diversity in cotton germplasm collections. In this study, 288 worldwide Gossypium barbadense L. cotton germplasm accessions were evaluated in two diverse envi...

Fiber quality trait data measured for four major fiber traits from Uzbekistan (UZB) and the USA environments. This data set was used for trait analyses and association mapping studies. (XLSX)

TASSEL formatted SSR marker data set for 288 G. barbadense panel used in this study. Note that 5% MAF is not filtered and can be done using TASSEL. (XLSX)

A set of SSR markers with high polymorphism for studies of the G. barbadense genome. (DOC)

Agriculture is one of the strategic elements crucial to directions in the development of Uzbekistan, and it brings a significant economic benefit to the country. Cotton production and research have a long history of development in Uzbekistan. This paper comprises contributions from a number of Uzbek scientists and details the history of scientific...

Most wild and semi-wild species of the genus Gossypium are exhibit photoperiod-sensitive flowering. The wild germplasm cotton is a valuable source of genes for genetic improvement of modern cotton cultivars. A bi-parental cotton population segregating for photoperiodic flowering was developed by crossing a photoperiod insensitive irradiation mutant...

F3 population map data file. (PDF)

Genomic distributions of SSR markers and identified QTLs for several morphological traits in the F2 mapping population of this study. (DOC)

F2 population map data file. (PDF)

F2 population genotype and trait data file. (PDF)

Genetic linkage map of the F2 population showing the location of QTLs for some morphological traits studied in the F2 population. (TIF)

Genetic variances and estimated broad-sense heritability of several morphological traits in the F2 population. (DOC)

F3 population genotype and trait data file. (PDF)

Histogram of some morphological traits studied in F2 mapping population derived from pre-mutagenesis and irradiation mutant lines of G. darwinii. (TIF)

Development and improvement of methods of modern biotechnology has led to the creation of novel, productive, and stress-tolerant agricultural crops. Application of these new ‘biotech’ crop varieties provided tangible economic benefits to farmers because of their high productivity and low agricultural production costs. However, despite the enormous...

The book discusses the basic legal aspects, base of using the genetically modified organisms and their biosafety in international level including USA, European Union and CIS countries.

Phylogenetics aims to study the evolutionary relatedness of living organisms in our planet. Its application is extended to the key areas such as evolution, classification and taxonomy of living organisms; ecology, diversity, and conservation biology of agrobiocenosis; monitoring of pathogen spread, outbreaks and source of transmissions, forensic an...

In crop research programs that implement transgene-based strategies for trait improvement it is necessary to distinguish between transgene homozygous and hemizygous individuals in segregating populations. Direct methods for determining transgene zygosity are technically challenging, expensive, and require specialized equipment. In this report, we d...

The emergence of genome manipulation methods promises a real revolution in biotechnology and genetic engineering. Targeted editing of the genomes of living organisms not only permits investigations into the understanding of the fundamental basis of biological systems but also allows addressing a wide range of goals towards improving productivity an...

Cotton fiber is an important commodity throughout the world. Fiber property determines fiber quality and commercial values. Previous studies showed that silencing phytochrome A1 gene (PHYA1) by RNA interference in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Coker 312) had generated PHYA1 RNAi lines with simultaneous improvements in fiber quality (long...

Improvement of fiber quality of Upland cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum), while maintaining early maturity and productivity, is a fundamental problem in conventional cotton breeding. Phytochromes play a fundamental role in plant development, flowering and cotton fiber length. Targeted RNAi of PHYA1 genes in cotton suppressed expression of PHYA1 and/or...

Silencing phytochrome A1 gene (PHYA1) by RNA interference in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Coker 312) had generated PHYA1 RNAi lines with improved fiber quality (longer, stronger and finer fiber). To reveal molecular mechanisms that govern fiber development with positive fiber traits, a study of global gene expression profiling of 10-DPA...

The use of monosomic lines significantly increases the effectiveness of molecular-genetic analysis and the development of superior quality breeding lines via substitutions by alien chromosomes. A complete set of aneuploid series for each cotton chromosome was required. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) have been applied as useful markers for understand...

Microsatellite or so-called simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been one of the most reliable molecular markers derived from the DNA molecule, which were widely and successfully used for more than 25 years in the genetic studies of environmental, agricultural, and biomedical sciences. The objective of this Microsatellite Markers book is to re...

No Abstract Freely available at: http://www.intechopen.com/books/microsatellite-markers/introduction-to-microsatellites-basics-trends-and-highlights