Ibrar Anjum

A 67-year-old man with inferior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction underwent Impella-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention complicated by unilateral left-sided pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock due to severe mitral valve regurgitation. Surgery was deferred due to hemodynamic instability and a high risk of mortality, so he und...

Myocardial invasion by a neoplasm is a rare occurrence that can present identical signs and symptoms of acute coronary artery disease. We report a case of a 53-year-old man diagnosed with squamous cell lung carcinoma who presented with chest pain and ST-segment elevation on an electrocardiogram. He underwent emergent coronary angiography, which rul...

Combination oral contraceptives (COCs) are the most common form of contraception available in the market. In addition to effectively preventing unplanned pregnancies, COCs help control other conditions such as acne, postmenopausal syndrome, menorrhagia, adenomyosis, endometriosis and mood swings. Breast cancer is the most common cancer and cause of...

Background: Acute renal failure secondary to contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is one of the most commonly encountered problems in hospitalised patients. The CI-AKI may lead to the development of persistent renal disease, causing significant morbidity and mortality in high-risk patients. Statins are increasingly recognised as effective...

Background: Silent myocardial infarction (SMI) is defined as an Ischemia of the heart in the absence of salient symptoms. We here present a case of silent myocardial infarction (SMI) in a 55-year-old male, with the history of heavy smoking who presented to an outpatient complaining of a headache. He had no history of chest pain, jaw pain, nausea, d...

Stress has long been known to affect eating behaviors in humans. Stress-induced hyperphagia is considered a potential cause for the development of obesity. Given the high prevalence of obesity and its association with other cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, the subject of stress-induced eating has become even more important. We reviewed data...

This article will discuss the effects of physical activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Presently, the motor and non-motor symptoms are difficult to treat with the current treatment of Parkinson's; therefore, as an adjuvant to the current treatment physical activity, has been recommended. Physical activity has been known to improve many sy...

Vitamin D is vital for our body as it regulates calcium homeostasis and maintains bone integrity. In this article, we will discuss how vitamin D aids in the function of neuronal and glial tissue and the many health consequences in a person with vitamin D deficiency. Some of the effects of vitamin D deficiency that will be discussed include the deve...

Ischemic stroke is defined as a sudden loss of blood to the brain which results in deprivation of oxygen and other nutrients. It can be either a transient episode called as “transient ischemic attack” (TIA), or it could last longer than 24 hours giving rise to “infarction of tissues” in the central nervous system. Anti-platelet agents are widely us...

Sugar-sweetened beverages containing caffeine are widely used among humans nowadays and can have negative consequences on the overall health. Our study aims to discuss the effects of these sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and how they can impact the health in different ways particularly on the brain. Some of the mechanisms by which soft drinks can e...

Obesity and dementia are both associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and underlying neurodegenerative changes. Review articles provide evidential support that obesity and dementia result in an early old-age memory crisis. Obesity triggering vascular dementia decreases not only blood supply to the brain, but also increases fa...

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a heterogeneous disorder of the autonomic nervous system that is defined by symptoms of orthostatic intolerance. According to the current criteria for adults, currently, POTS is defined as a heart rate increment of 30 beats/minute or more after 10 minutes of standing in the absence of orthostatic...

The number of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases is increasing in Pakistan while it has seen a decline globally. A survey conducted recently has found that 132,000 people in Pakistan suffer from HIV. This study aims to check the levels of knowledge and attitudes about HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among medical and dental...

Acute coronary syndrome usually presents with retrosternal chest pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and jaw and arm pain. Some patients only present with neck, epigastric, or ear discomfort. A 47-year-old male with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease presented to the emergency department complaining of bilateral otalgia. He never f...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition which affects the axon myelination in the brain. There can be multiple ways it can present initially, but physical signs and symptoms are the most common ones. We are reporting a case of MS from Pakistan which presented with neuropsychiatric features and was offered psychiatric care, but the patien...

The main objective of this review paper is to study the comparison between transradial and transfemoral approach in catheterization. Transradial and transfemoral are two main approaches which are used as a diagnostic and therapeutic purpose in catheterization. The transradial approach in interventional cardiology is safe, effective, and feasible as...