Iaroslav Alex Savtchouk

Iaroslav Alex Savtchouk
Marquette University · Department of Biomedical Sciences

Assistant Professor

About

17
Publications
4,561
Reads
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1,580
Citations
Introduction
New Assistant Professor, Marquette University; I am applying modern two-photon imaging and electrophysiology techniques to study the role of fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons and astrocytes in the cerebellar and cortical computation. Lab website: https://cerebellab.com/
Additional affiliations
October 2018 - present
Marquette University
Position
  • Professor (Assistant)
January 2012 - September 2018
University of Lausanne
Position
  • PostDoc Position
September 2009 - January 2012
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
Position
  • Research Assistant
Education
September 2005 - August 2011
Pennsylvania State University
Field of study
  • Biology

Publications

Publications (17)
Article
Full-text available
Multimodal astrocyte–neuron communications govern brain circuitry assembly and function¹. For example, through rapid glutamate release, astrocytes can control excitability, plasticity and synchronous activity2,3 of synaptic networks, while also contributing to their dysregulation in neuropsychiatric conditions4–7. For astrocytes to communicate thro...
Article
Full-text available
Significance We previously identified a mechanism controlling transmitter release probability at perforant path (PP)–granule cell excitatory synapses, a memory-related circuit that goes awry in Alzheimer’s disease and temporal lobe epilepsy. We found that the mechanism involves activation of presynaptic N -methyl- d -aspartate receptors (pre-NMDARs...
Article
Full-text available
Recent advances in fast volumetric imaging have enabled rapid generation of large amounts of multi-dimensional functional data. While many computer frameworks exist for data storage and analysis of the multi-gigabyte Ca2+ imaging experiments in neurons, they are less useful for analyzing Ca2+ dynamics in astrocytes, where transients do not follow a...
Article
Full-text available
Astrocytes are highly complex cells with many emerging putative roles in brain function. Of these, gliotransmission (active information transfer from glia to neurons) has probably the widest implications on our understanding of how the brain works: do astrocytes really contribute to information processing within the neural circuitry? "Positive evid...
Article
The uptake of glutamate by synaptic vesicles is mediated by vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). The central role of these transporters in excitatory neurotransmission underpins their importance as pharmacological targets. Although several compounds inhibit VGLUTs, highly specific inhibitors were so far unavailable, thus limiting applications...
Article
Full-text available
Glial calcium dynamics in space and time Astrocytes use calcium signals to process information received from neighboring brain cells and thus generate modulatory responses at the local or network level. Previous studies have relied on calcium imaging in line scans or in a single focal plane mostly focusing on the cell bodies of astrocytes. Bindocci...
Article
Full-text available
Synaptic receptors gate the neuronal response to incoming signals, but they are not homogeneously distributed on dendrites. A spatially defined receptor distribution can preferentially amplify certain synaptic inputs, resize receptive fields of neurons, and optimize information processing within a neuronal circuit. Thus, a longstanding question is...
Article
Full-text available
Astrocytes participate in information processing by actively modulating synaptic properties via gliotransmitter release. Various mechanisms of astrocytic release have been reported, including release from storage organelles via exocytosis and release from the cytosol via plasma membrane ion channels and pumps. It is still not fully clear which mech...
Article
Astrocyte Ca(2+) signalling has been proposed to link neuronal information in different spatial-temporal dimensions to achieve a higher level of brain integration. However, some discrepancies in the results of recent studies challenge this view and highlight key insufficiencies in our current understanding. In parallel, new experimental approaches...
Article
The subunit composition of synaptic AMPA receptors can undergo dynamic changes during physiological functioning and under pathological conditions. This switch in AMPA receptor phenotype involves changes in the level of GluA2 subunits that are mediated via regulated AMPA receptor trafficking, modification of local protein synthesis and altered gene...
Article
Full-text available
Many fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons, including cerebellar stellate cells, fire brief action potentials and express α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPAR) that are permeable to Ca(2+) and do not contain the GluR2 subunit. In a recent study, we found that increasing action potential duration...
Article
Full-text available
Changes in the subunit composition of postsynaptic AMPA-type glutamate receptors can be induced at CNS synapses by neural activity and under certain pathological conditions. Fear-induced incorporation of GluR2-containing receptors at cerebellar synapses selectively prolongs the decay time of synaptic currents, whereas a switch from GluR2-lacking to...
Article
Full-text available
Changes in emotional state are known to alter neuronal excitability and can modify learning and memory formation. Such experience-dependent neuronal plasticity can be long-lasting and is thought to involve the regulation of gene transcription. We found that a single fear-inducing stimulus increased GluR2 (also known as Gria2) mRNA abundance and pro...
Article
Full-text available
Inhibitory transmission controls the action potential firing rate and pattern of Purkinje cell activity in the cerebellum. A long-term change in inhibitory transmission is likely to have a profound effect on the activity of cerebellar neuronal circuits. However, little is known about how neuronal activity regulates synaptic transmission in GABAergi...
Article
Ceramides are ubiquitous lipids that have important functions integral to apoptotic signaling. Several therapeutic agents currently exist that induce ceramide-dependent apoptosis in cancerous cells, and a number of enzymes involved in ceramide metabolism are beginning to be recognized as potential targets for cancer therapy. Recent research shows t...

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