Ian Pike

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Verified

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• BSPE, MSc, PhD
• Professor at University of British Columbia

Trauma-informed approaches (TIA) are widely used in sensitive research to prevent re-traumatization and support the well-being of participants, often labelled as hard-to-reach or hidden populations. These labels reflect an individual-level framing, implying that certain groups have made themselves difficult to engage rather than acknowledging the s...

Importance Despite the unique physiological characteristics and health care needs of pediatric trauma patients, there is a lack of quality indicators (QIs) based on pediatric-specific evidence to support quality improvement in this population. Objective To develop a consensus-based set of QIs for acute pediatric trauma care that considers evidence...

Background Despite existing prevention initiatives, preventable unintentional home injuries remain a significant public health concern in Canada, and are often influenced by the social determinants of health. This study identified dissemination-area-level hotspots of unintentional home injuries resulting in hospitalizations across British Columbia...

Background Parents' perspectives on children's risky play can provide researchers with insight into their injury prevention and safety needs and support researchers in understanding how challenging and exciting play may positively shape children's physical, cognitive, and social development. To date, however, the perspectives of parents who witness...

A wealth of scholarship demonstrates the developmental benefits of risky play for children. However, this scholarship has overwhelmingly focused on the experiences of children and their caregivers from Euro-Western nations. It is imperative to explore child and caregiver perspectives on child risk, injury and play in communities where children expe...

Early learning and child care centres are critical settings to support children’s regular, repeated and quality time spent in outdoor play. Gibson’s theory of affordances highlights the importance of the human-environment relationship, emphasizing how children use environmental information to inform their behaviour. This study aims to understand th...

Background Road-related injuries and deaths are among the most significant and avoidable public health problems in Canada. Modifications to the built environment (BE) can reduce injury rates for vulnerable road users (VRUs) and other priority populations who experience disproportionate risk. This paper highlights public health professionals’ experi...

Aims The aim of this research is to highlight the perceptions and experiences of injury prevention and transportation professionals regarding Vision Zero and how the adoption of this strategy influences their work. Our results are useful to road safety researchers and practitioners who are interested in barriers and facilitators to implementing Vis...

Background The Period of PURPLE Crying Program® (PURPLE) is an evaluated universal parent education infant abuse prevention programme delivered to all parents/caregivers of newborns in British Columbia (B.C.). Education and materials focus on: increasing parent/caregiver awareness on early increased infant crying and coping strategies to counter fr...

Background The benefits of risky play, where children are exposed to challenge and thrill, are widely acknowledged in research. These cognitive, social, and physical benefits can consist of increased self-esteem, strengthened fine and gross motor skills, and learning conflict resolution. There is little known, however, concerning when children’s pe...

Background Poisoning is a significant public health issue in Canada and the third leading cause of injury-related death. The number of unintentional poisoning deaths and hospitalizations has been increasing since 2008 and, since 2015, poisoning now results in more fatalities per year than transport. Objective To examine the health and economic cos...

Background Injuries and deaths attributable to firearms are an important public health problem in Canada. Previous research has demonstrated that this burden is unevenly distributed across socio-economic groups and urban-rural areas. In 2020, a considerable increase was noted in rates of firearm-related violent crime in some Canadian jurisdictions,...

Background Suicide is a leading cause of injury deaths, and among all causes of deaths for 10–24-year-olds in British Columbia (B.C.), Canada. Similarly, self-harm (both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury) is a leading cause of hospitalization among children and youth. Given that youth suicide and self-harm (YSSH) is a priority for the p...

Background Abusive head trauma/shaken baby syndrome (AHT/SBS) is a severe yet preventable injury affecting infants and young children resulting in lifelong disabilities or death.Prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome BC (PSBSBC) manages the delivery of a prevention education program to parents in British Columbia (B.C.) Canada. Qualitative focus groups with...

Background In March 2020, lockdown measures were implemented to curb the spread of COVID-19 infection across Canada. This policy indirectly impacted several health outcomes, including inflicted violence injuries among children and youth. Anecdotally, an increase in cases was hypothesized due to changes in social and family dynamics due to the stay...

Background Poisoning is the leading cause of injury death and the second leading cause for injury-related hospitalization in British Columbia (B.C). Recent estimates show that unintentional poisoning (including misuse, abuse, or overdose of prescription and illicit drugs) is responsible for 84% of total poisoning costs in B.C. While previous resear...

Background Road safety progress in Canada is hindered by the cost associated with Vision Zero (VZ) policies, and whether cost and related (life-saving) benefits associated with VZ implementation can be rationalized by the varying levels of government. There are few studies on the cost of transport injury in Canada. The present study investigated th...

Background Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of hospitalizations among children and youth in Canada. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown measures were imposed across Canada in order to slow down the spread of the virus. In British Columbia, a province-wide lockdown started on March 17, 2020, with all schools closed until Septemb...

Background Indigenous communities bear a disproportionate burden of residential fire-related deaths and injuries compared to non-indigenous counterparts, posing a threat to community health and well-being. Lack of access to fire safety and prevention resources and effective programs contribute to the increased risk of fire-related injuries and deat...

Background Burn injuries are a significant public health concern, closely linked to housing conditions and socioeconomic status. Residents in socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods are at increased risk of exposure to hazards due to older and poorer housing conditions and limited access to fire protection measures. Individual behaviours such as...

Children’s perspectives on their outdoor play safety can provide unique insight into what activities and environments are injurious for them. In this study, we conducted photo-elicitation interviews with 13 children (7 girls, 6 boys) from low- to mid-income communities who were between the ages of 9- to 13-years-old. The goal of the study was to ex...

Background Injuries are among the leading causes for hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits. COVID-19 restrictions ensured safety to Canadians, but also negatively impacted health outcomes, including increasing rates of certain injuries. These differences in trends have been reported internationally however the evidence is scattered...

Background Child-centred approaches in injury prevention emphasise the importance of practising bidirectional communications and decentring researcher–child power relations to support children’s participation in research. To date, however, a dearth of scholarship offers methodological reflections on how to bolster children’s feelings of comfort in...

A previous Canadian study using data from the Association of Worker’s Compensation Boards of Canada (AWCBC) and WorkSafeBC covering the years 2006 to 2018, revealed that the most prominent causes of injuries and fatalities among firefighters were cancer, traumatic injuries, circulatory and respiratory system diseases, and mental disorders [1]. Of...

Introduction Improving sustainable transportation options will help cities tackle growing challenges related to population health, congestion, climate change and inequity. Interventions supporting active transportation face many practical and political hurdles. Implementation science aims to understand how interventions or policies arise, how they...

Background Social determinants of health (SDH), including “the conditions in which individuals are born, grow, work, live and age” affect child health and well-being. Several studies have synthesized evidence about the influence of SDH on childhood injury risks and outcomes. However, there is no systematic evidence about the impact of SDH on access...

Children's microcultures consist of small peer communities that they develop with distinct rules and roles operating outside of traditional daily activities. Presently, there is little understanding for how children may develop microcultures during competitive play, where they attempt to outperform their peers. In this study, we address the questio...

Background The Period of PURPLE Crying Program® ( PURPLE) is a universal parent education program that is delivered by nurses and health care providers to all parents/caregivers of newborns in British Columbia (B.C.). The aim of the program is to reduce the incidence of Traumatic Head Injury -Child Maltreatment (THI-CM), a form of child physical ab...

Post pandemic increases in mental illness and waitlists for mental health services highlight the urgent need to prevent and mitigate mental health problems in children and youth living in Canada. We describe current dissemination and implementation strategies of evidence-based preventive interventions (EBPIs) for children and youth in Canada that a...

Introduction Falls are the leading cause of injury-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions among older adults across many provinces in Canada. To effectively address this burden requires relevant data and indicators to inform fall prevention planning and evaluation. Methods We used a modified Delphi approach, including an...

Video analysis is a useful tool for injury surveillance in rugby union. There are few video analysis studies in the professional female game, with most studies published in the male elite/professional settings. Moreover, there is a sparsity of literature in youth rugby settings. The following narrative review outlines the strengths and limitations...

Background Social determinants of health (SDH), including "the conditions in which individuals are born, grow, work, live and age" affect child health and well-being. Several studies have synthesized evidence about the influence of SDH on childhood injury risks and outcomes. However, there is no systematic evidence about the impact of SDH on access...

1) Background: Residential fires represent the third leading cause of unintentional injuries globally. This study aims to offer an overview and a longitudinal evaluation of the HomeSafe program implemented in Surrey in 2008 and to assess its effectiveness in mitigating fire-related outcomes. (2) Methods: Data were collected over a 12-year period (2...

Background Concerns regarding health equity (HE) and the built environment (BE) are well established in the Canadian urban context. Transport and injury prevention professionals across sectors, such as transportation and public health, are involved in designing and implementing BE interventions that enhance the safety of vulnerable road users (VRUs...

Background Injuries resulting from collisions between a bicyclist and driver are preventable and have high economic, personal and societal costs. Studying the language choices used by police officers to describe factors responsible for child bicyclist-motor vehicle collisions may help shift prevention efforts away from vulnerable road users to moto...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.938091.].

Background Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of children’s hospitalisations and death globally and are thus a pressing public health concern. Fortunately, they are largely preventable, and understanding children’s perspectives on safe and dangerous outdoor play can help educators and researchers identify ways to mitigate the likelihood of...

Objectives This study explored how demographic characteristics, life experiences, and firefighting exposures have an impact on cancer among female firefighters, and described the types and biologic characteristics of cancers as reported by women in the fire service. Methods The online survey was available from June 2019 to July 2020. Questions rel...

Background: Poisoning, from substances such as illicit drugs, prescribed and over-the-counter medications, alcohol, pesticides, gases and household cleaners, is the leading cause of injury-related death and the second leading cause for injury-related hospital admission in British Columbia. We examined the health and economic costs of poisoning in...

Introduction This study aimed to quantify the total cost of violent firearm-related offenses in British Columbia in 2016 Canadian dollars over a five-year period, 2012 to 2016. The purposes of this study were to estimate the direct costs to the health care system and indirect costs to society for violent firearm injuries and deaths; and to estimate...

Introduction Injuries and deaths from motor vehicle collisions are a significant public health issue. As public health researchers and practitioners, we must support the work of municipalities by advocating for effective interventions to reduce this burden. This requires an evidence-based approach; however, many interventions embedded in existing r...

Introduction Road traffic injury and death continue to be a concern in Canada. The built environment (BE) is a contributing factor affecting the health of road users, yet there are significant challenges to making injury-reducing BE changes. This research increases our knowledge of these challenges by investigating the opinions of injury prevention...

Background In Canada, falls represents the leading cause of injury deaths. In 2018, falls exacted a higher total cost than any other cause at $10.3 billion. The populations most impacted by falls in Canada are children and older adults. Stakeholders in a multi-sectoral injury prevention collaborative in Ontario, Canada expressed the need for indica...

Background Community engagement and active support by local citizens is a prerequisite for successful and sustainable implementation of road safety initiatives. This study aimed to examine perceptions of British Columbians regarding the level of walking and running safety in their neighbourhood, and the changes they supported most to promote road s...

Context Addressing the burden of motor vehicle collisions, specifically for vulnerable road users requires an evidence-based approach; however, there are many interventions embedded in road safety policies that have minimal evidence to support their effectiveness. In addition, there is significant variability in the quality of reporting of interven...

Introduction Although automated speed enforcement (ASE) technologies have broad potential to reduce the societal and economic impacts of transport injuries, perceptions of poor public support have thwarted their widespread deployment in British Columbia (B.C.), Canada. This study investigates the levels of acceptance and support for different types...

Background: There has been increasing scrutiny of opioid prescribing following injury because of concerns that prescribed opioids may contribute to addiction and overdose. This study aimed to better understand the relationship between injury, opioids prescribed before and after injury, and non-medical drug poisoning. Data and methods: Working ag...

Objectives This study explored how demographic characteristics, life experiences, and firefighting experiences have an impact on work-related injuries among female firefighters, and described events surrounding such work-related injuries. Methods This online survey was available from June 2019 to July 2020. Questions related to demographic charact...

Globally, residential fires constitute a substantial public health problem, causing major fire-related injury morbidity and mortality. This review examined the literature on residential fire prevention interventions relevant to Indigenous communities and assessed their effectiveness on mitigating fire incidents and their associated human and econom...

Introduction: Evidence suggests the presence of deficiencies in the quality of care provided to up to half of all paediatric trauma patients in Canada, the USA and Australia. Lack of adherence to evidence-based recommendations may be driven by lack of knowledge of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), heterogeneity in recommendations or concerns ab...

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries account for a large percentage of knee injuries, disproportionately affecting female athletes. To help health professionals stay current, we performed an umbrella review to evaluate the effectiveness of ACL injury prevention programs in reducing non-contact ACL injury rates, determine the effective componen...

Background Community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to injury prevention are conducted so as to foster inclusiveness and collaboration in research processes and settings. Despite the benefits of using CBPR approaches to represent voices in research that are typically marginalised, they are overwhelmingly used in collaborations with...

Statement of Purpose Children and youth from Indigenous and other communities experiencing socio-economic challenges face disproportionately high rates of injury mortality and morbidity. Partnerships between communities and injury prevention researchers is the foundation for the Voices of Children and Youth (VOICES) project, which aims to demonstra...

Wood is commonly used in construction, but often perceived as being less safe than structures made from non-combustible materials. With the advancement of wood products and treatment, construction techniques, and protective systems, this may not be the case any longer. Using retrospective data from fire departments across Canada, this study aimed t...

Indicators can help decision-makers evaluate interventions in a complex, multi-sectoral injury system. We aimed to create indicators for road safety, seniors falls, and ‘all-injuries’ to inform and evaluate injury prevention initiatives in British Columbia, Canada. The indicator development process involved a five-stage mixed methodology approach,...

Background Supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) are the most common fractures sustained following a fall onto an outstretched hand among healthy children, and one of the leading causes of hospital admission and surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to examine SCHF occurring at public play spaces—particularly to determine whether or not...

Background: Refugees are susceptible to various types of injury mechanisms associated with their dire living conditions and settlements. This study aims to compare and characterize the emergency department admissions due to physical trauma and injuries among local residents and refugees in greater Beirut. Methods: This epidemiological study anal...

Introduction Canada’s opioid crisis has taken thousands of lives, increasing awareness of poisoning-related injuries as an important public health issue. However, in British Columbia (BC), where overdose mortality rates are the highest in Canada, studies have not yet identified which demographic populations most often visit emergency departments (E...

Introduction La crise des opioïdes au Canada a coûté la vie à des milliers de personnes, mettant davantage en lumière que les blessures liées aux intoxications constituent un problème de santé publique important. Cependant, en Colombie-Britannique, où le taux de mortalité par surdose est le plus élevé au Canada, les études n’ont pas encore permis d...

Background In 2010 in British Columbia (BC), Canada, total injury costs per capita were higher among youth aged 15–24 years than in any other age group. Injury prevention efforts have targeted injuries with high mortality (transportation injuries) or morbidity (concussions). However, the profile and health costs of common youth injuries (types, loc...

Child and youth self-poisoning is a growing public health issue in many regions of the world, including British Columbia (BC), Canada, where 15–19-year-olds have the highest rates of self-poisoning hospitalizations compared with those of all other ages. The purpose of this study was to identify what substances children and youth commonly used to po...

The purpose of this research paper is to assess the response on Facebook to a social marketing campaign for recreational boating safety. The campaign ran for the 2018 and 2019 boating seasons in British Columbia, Canada. Messages related to boating safety were delivered in multi-media formats, including ten Facebook posts. All public comments on th...

Background: Poisoning is a common self-harm method, but the magnitude of the problem in British Columbia is unclear. This study aimed to review self-poisoning hospitalization trends in BC, with a focus on 10- to 19-year-olds. Methods: Self-poisoning hospitalization rates were calculated by age group, sex, and year for the fiscal periods 2009–10 to...

Background: Outdoor risky play, such as climbing, racing, and independent exploration, is an important part of childhood and is associated with various positive physical, mental, and developmental outcomes for children. Parental attitudes and fears, particularly mothers', are a major deterrent to children's opportunities for outdoor risky play. O...

COVID-19 restrictions led to reduced levels of physical activity, increased screen usage, and declines in mental health in youth; however, in-depth understandings of the experiences of high school student-athletes have yet to be explored. To describe the experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic on student-athletes’ physical activity, social connection,...

Objectives An online, evidence-based resource was created to support the development of sport and recreational injury prevention programmes. The resource, called Active & Safe Central ( www.activesafe.ca ), provides evidence-based information across the public health approach for a number of sport and recreational activities. The objective of this...

Road traffic injury, one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in Canada, declined substantially as an indirect outcome of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health policies encouraging people to ‘stay at home’ and ‘practice physical distancing’ precipitated shifts in vehicle volumes and speed, transportation mod...

Children under the age of five years have the highest rate of hospitalization and mortality from burns. Studies of costs associated with pediatric burns have included a limited number of patients and focused on inpatient and complication costs, limiting our understanding of the full economic burden of pediatric burns. This study aimed to develop a...

Background Outdoor play and risk-taking behaviors, including play at heights, are important to children’s physical, social, and cognitive development. These aspects of play are important to consider when informing prevention policies for serious injuries that commonly occur on play structures. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus (SCH) are the mo...

BACKGROUND Outdoor risky play, such as climbing, racing and independent exploration, is an important part of childhood and is associated with various positive physical, mental and developmental outcomes for children. Parental attitudes and fears, particularly mothers’, are a major deterrent to children’s opportunities for outdoor risky play. OBJEC...

Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. Expectedly, the incidence of soccer-related injuries is high and these injuries exert a significant burden on individuals and families, including health and financial burdens, and on the socioeconomic and healthcare systems. Using established injury prevention frameworks, we present a concise synthesis...

Education is a common strategy used to prevent occupational injuries. However, its effectiveness is often measured using surrogate measures instead of true injury outcomes. To evaluate the effectiveness of workplace educational interventions, we selectively analyzed studies that reported injury outcomes (PROSPERO ID: CRD42019140631). We searched da...

Objectives Electronic cigarettes and fluid (e-cigarettes, e-fluid) are hazardous materials that when inhaled or ingested may pose significant health risks to children and adolescents. The objective of this work was to explore the spectrum of injury related to e-cigarette exposure among Canadian children and adolescents. Methods A one-time survey w...

BACKGROUND Outdoor play and risk-taking behaviors, including play at heights, are important to children’s physical, social, and cognitive development. These aspects of play are important to consider when informing prevention policies for serious injuries that commonly occur on play structures. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus (SCH) are the mo...

Background School-based injuries represent a sizeable portion of child injuries. This study investigated the rates of school-based injuries in Lebanon, examining injury mechanisms, outcomes and associated risk factors. Methods Data were prospectively collected by intern school nurses at 11 private schools for the 2018–2019 academic year. Descripti...

Background: Lebanon, an Eastern Mediterranean country, suffers a large burden of injury as a consequence of conflict and war, political instability, and the lack of policies and safety regulations. This article aims to systematically map and comprehensively describe the injury research literature in Lebanon and, to identify gaps for future researc...

Introduction Children under the age of five years are particularly vulnerable to scalds and contact burns and have the highest rate of hospitalization and mortality from burns. Studies of costs associated with pediatric burns have included a limited number of patients and focused on inpatient and complication costs, limiting our understanding of th...

Objectives: To explore the relationship between neighborhood social and material deprivation and the rates of abusive head trauma (AHT), and whether it differs according to sex, and following the implementation of the Period of PURPLE Crying (PURPLE) program. Method: A cross-sectional study design was applied to data from children 0 to 24 months...

Objective A considerable number of Canadians are injured or killed every year as a result of residential fires. Until recently, the absence of representative national data limited our understanding of the current situation. This study used a novel dataset to describe the geographic and demographic distribution of residential fires and related casua...

Background The British Columbia Coroners Service implemented a policy in 2010 advising the reclassification of underlying causes of deaths due to falls from ‘natural’ to ‘accidental’. This study investigates whether observed data trends reflect this change in practice, are artefacts of inconsistent reporting, or indicate a true increase in fall-rel...

Background: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a severe form of child abuse causing devastating outcomes for children and families, but its economic costs in Canada has yet to be determined. The Period of PURPLE crying program (PURPLE) is an AHT prevention program implemented in British Columbia for which success in reducing AHT events was recently repo...

Burn-related injury is a global public health problem with significant rates of morbidity and mortality. The adverse effect of burn leads to substantial functional, psychological, and economic repercussions. Low- and middle-income countries, including Lebanon, carry a disproportionately greater burden of burn injuries. This study adopted a mixed me...

Background: This study assessed whether socioeconomic factors affect the rates of residential fire incidence and fire-related injuries and deaths, and whether children are affected differently than the general population. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional study design using data for British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario from the N...

Background Active transportation, such as walking and biking, is a healthy way for children to explore their environment and develop independence. However, children can be injured while walking and biking. Many cities make changes to the built environment (e.g., traffic calming features, separated bike lanes) to keep people safe. There is some rese...

Background: This study examines social disparities across neighbourhood levels of income, education and employment in relation to overall injury hospital separations in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Further, the study examines the relationships of social disparities to a set of three injury prevention priorities in British Columbia, na...

Background Sport and recreation related injuries exert a significant cost on the healthcare system. As prevention researchers and practitioners, we have a responsibility to provide guidance towards prevention to those who participate in sport and recreation, and those that coach, treat and parent children that participate. The objective of this pro...

Objectives The objective of this study was to explore parent perspectives of and interest in an interactive knowledge translation platform called Child-Sized KT that proposes to catalyse the collaboration of patients, families, practitioners and researchers in patient-oriented research at British Columbia Children’s Hospital (BCCH). Methods An exp...

The Influence of Electrical Fires in Residential Homes: Geospatial Analysis Pointing to Vulnerable Locations and Equipment Failures By Centre for Public Safety and Criminal Justice Research on March 18, 2019 Secondary suites are becoming more common as a way to relieve the burden of rising housing prices in British Columbia and basements are oft...

Background Sport and recreational injuries place a significant burden on the health care system and represent a large proportion of all injuries that report to emergency departments in Canada. An initiative to address this significant burden was to develop of an on-line platform providing information on the incidence of injury, risk factors, and ef...

Introduction Sachant que l’association entre l'état de santé et le statut socioéconomique (SSE) est largement documentée et que les blessures non intentionnelles continuent de se classer parmi les principales causes de décès chez les Britanno-Colombiens, nous avons voulu quantifier les disparités liées au SSE dans les taux de mortalité associés à t...

Introduction The association between health outcomes and socioeconomic status (SES) has been widely documented, and mortality due to unintentional injuries continues to rank among the leading causes of death among British Columbians. This paper quantified the SES-related disparities in the mortality burden of three British Columbia’s provincial inj...

Substantial efforts devoted to decreasing the burden of transport-related injuries (TRIs) in Canada, including public awareness campaigns aiming to influence attitudes and behaviors, may lead the public to perceive other types of injuries differently. This study examined the relationship between public perception of the preventability of injuries a...