Ian Janssen

Queen's University | QueensU · School of Kinesiology and Health Studies

Background Sleep, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and the composition of these movement behaviours across the 24-h day are associated with cognitive function in early years children. This study used a Goldilocks day compositional data analysis approach to identify the optimal duration of sleep, sedentary behaviour, light physical activity,...

Background Essential amino acid (EAA) and omega-3 fatty acid ingestion independently attenuate leg skeletal muscle disuse atrophy in uninjured persons. However, no data exist regarding the effectiveness of combined EAA and omega-3 fatty acid ingestion to mitigate skeletal muscle disuse atrophy in response to anterior cruciate ligament reconstructio...

Objectives: This study investigated the associations between specific sleep health characteristics and indicators of positive mental health among Canadian youth in grades 6-10. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the Canadian 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study, a nationally representative sample of Canadian students. Ou...

Introduction Plantar flexors play a pivotal role in human locomotion and balance. Several original research studies and systematic reviews have characterised the impact of single-leg disuse on plantar flexor strength and size. However, no meta-analysis has quantified the effects of single-leg disuse on changes in plantar flexor strength and size i...

Background Canada, Australia, the World Health Organization and other countries have released 24-hour movement guidelines for the early years which integrate physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, focusing on supporting children to achieve a healthy 24-hour day. The guideline evidence synthesis, however, highlighted the dearth of high-q...

Background : Given the emergence of climate change and health risks, this review examined potential relationships between varying indicators of climate change, movement behaviors (ie, physical activity [PA], sedentary behavior, and sleep), and health. Methods : Seven databases were searched in March 2020, April 2023, and April 2024. To be included,...

Introduction Les effets de l’utilisation des médias sociaux sur la santé des adolescents soulèvent de plus en plus de préoccupations en matière de santé publique. Nous avons exploré la relation entre cette utilisation et la santé du sommeil chez les adolescents du Canada de 11 à 17 ans. Méthodologie Des données de l’Enquête sur les comportements d...

Introduction Public health concerns over the impact of social media use (SMU) on adolescent health are growing. We investigated the relationship between SMU and sleep health in adolescents in Canada aged 11 to 17 years. Methods Data from the 2017–2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study were available for 12 557 participants (55.2% fema...

The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines include recommendations for healthy levels of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Meeting these recommendations could help immigrants stay healthy. However, little is known about the movement behaviours of adult immigrants in Canada nor how these differ in relation to non-immigrants or time si...

Background Calcific tendonitis is a painful shoulder disorder characterized by calcium deposits (CDs) in the rotator cuff tendon. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the most efficient surgical procedure for calcific tendonitis. This includes the comparison between the three main surgical techniques: CD removal, CD removal with subacr...

Highlights •Light intensity physical activity is associated with a marked reduction in chronic disease and mortality risk. •That activities of daily living are associated with health benefits supports public health initiatives that advocate for replacing sitting time with standing and engaging in routine activities such as casual walking, leisurely...

Background: Although there is consistent evidence of unhealthy changes in the 24-hour movement behaviours when comparing pre-COVID-19 periods to the early stages of the pandemic, there is limited research on long-term changes among adolescents. This study aimed to analyze both between- and within-participant differences in accelerometer-assessed 24...

Background Childrens’ outdoor active play is an important part of their development. Play behaviour can be predicted by a variety of physical and social environmental features. Some of these features are difficult to measure with traditional data sources. Methods This study investigated the viability of a machine learning method using Google Stree...

Introduction The ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth is the most comprehensive national assessment of physical activity and related behaviors, characteristics, and opportunities for children and youth. The 2022 Report Card assigned grades based on data gathered during the COVID-19 pandemic to reflect this extraord...

We used a prevalence-based approach to estimate the economic costs associated with low muscle strength, as assessed using handgrip strength, in Canadian adults. We estimated the annual economic burden of low muscle strength at $3.0 billion, representing 2.2% of the 2021 Canadian burden of illness costs. The two most expensive chronic diseases attri...

This study of grade 6-10 students used compositional analysis to examine the relationship between the movement behavior composition (time in sleep, screen time, and physical activity) and polysubstance use (frequency of using cigarettes, alternative tobacco products, alcohol, cannabis, and illicit drugs). In grades 6-8 students and grades 9-10 girl...

Childrens’ outdoor active play is an important part of their development. Play behaviour can be predicted by a variety of physical and social environmental features. Some of these features are difficult to measure with traditional data sources. This study investigated the viability of a machine learning method using Google Street View images for me...

The effects of single-leg immobilization on changes in skeletal muscle strength and size in the non-immobilized leg remains controversial. Some studies have shown decreases, or even increases, in skeletal muscle strength and size of the non-immobilized leg, thus challenging its role as an internal control. Here we meta-analyze changes in knee exten...

Objective: To determine the association between social media use (SMU) and physical activity (PA) among Canadian adolescents. Methods: We used data from 12,358 participants in grades 6 to 10 who responded to the Canadian component of the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Social media intensity and problematic SMU...

We aimed to quantify declines from baseline in lower limb skeletal muscle size and strength of uninjured adults following single-leg disuse. We searched EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL, and CCRCT up to 30 January 2022. Studies were included in the systematic review if they (1) recruited uninjured participants; (2) were an original experimental study; (3) e...

Background This systematic review examined if the composition of time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity of different intensities is associated with health and developmental indicators in children aged 0–5 years. Methods Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus) were searched in January 2022. St...

Objective To estimate health care and health-related productivity costs associated with excessive sedentary behaviour (> 8 h/day and > 9 h/day) in Canadian adults.Methods Three pieces of information were used to estimate costs: (1) the pooled relative risk estimates of adverse health outcomes consistently shown to be associated with excessive seden...

The objective of this study was to estimate health care and health-related productivity costs associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in Canadian adults. We also estimated costs that would be avoided by a 10 percentage point prevalence reduction in low CRF. A prevalence-based approach was used to estimate the economic costs associated w...

Objective To estimate health care and productivity costs associated with insomnia symptoms in Canadian adults. Methods Three pieces of information were needed to calculate estimates based on a prevalence-based approach: (1) the pooled relative risk estimates of health outcomes consistently associated with insomnia symptoms obtained from recent met...

Background The measurement of physical fitness has a history that dates back nearly 200 years. Recently, there has been an increase in international research and surveillance on physical fitness creating a need for setting international priorities that could help guide future efforts. Objective This study aimed to produce a list of the top 10 inte...

Objective To estimate the years of life gained when meeting the sleep duration recommendations across the adult lifespan. Methods Three pieces of information were used to estimate and compare life expectancy at each age of adult life among Canadian adults who did and did not meet sleep duration recommendations: (i) the prevalence of self-reported...

Objectives To examine associations between e-cigarette use, cigarette smoking, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour among a large sample of Canadian adolescents (Grades 9–12) by sex. Methods Cross-sectional data from 55,629 students who participated in COMPASS Year 6 (2017–2018) were used. Exposures included e-cigarette use and cigarette smo...

Objective: This cross-sectional study used compositional data analysis (CoDA) to do the following: 1) analyze the relative associations between fat and lean tissues with cardiometabolic risk factors; and 2) estimate how these risk factors would change if equivalent mass was displaced from one tissue to another. Differences between CoDA and traditi...

Objective To provide estimates of the health care and productivity costs associated with insufficient sleep duration (<7 hours per night) in Canadian adults. Methods A prevalence-based approach was used to estimate the economic costs associated with insufficient sleep duration. Estimates relied on 3 pieces of information: (1) the relative risks of...

Introduction Selon certaines études récentes, les bienfaits de l’activité physique pour la santé diffèrent selon que l’activité est pratiquée le matin, l’après-midi ou le soir. Le but de cette revue systématique était de déterminer s’il existe un lien entre, d’une part, le moment choisi pour faire de l’activité physique sur 24 heures et, d’autre pa...

Introduction L’objectif de cette étude était d’effectuer une revue systématique des relations entre, d’une part, l’horaire des comportements sédentaires et l’accès à des activités sédentaires dans la chambre et, d’autre part, la durée et la qualité du sommeil chez les enfants et les adolescents. Un objectif secondaire consistait à vérifier si ces r...

Background Recent studies report that the health benefits of physical activity differ depending on whether the activity is performed in the morning, afternoon or evening. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine whether the timing of physical activity within the 24-hour day is associated with health. Methods Five databases were searche...

Introduction To continue to inform sleep health guidelines and the development of evidence-based healthy sleep interventions for children and adolescents, it is important to better understand the associations between sleep timing (bedtime, wake-up time, midpoint of sleep) and various health indicators. The objective of this systematic review was to...

Introduction Pour continuer à éclairer les lignes directrices sur la santé concernant le sommeil ainsi qu’à favoriser l’élaboration d’interventions fondées sur des données probantes en faveur d’un sommeil sain chez les enfants et les adolescents, il est important de mieux comprendre les associations entre l’horaire de sommeil (heure du coucher, heu...

Background The purpose of this study was to systematically review the relationship between the timing of sedentary behaviours and access to sedentary activities in the bedroom with sleep duration and quality in children and youth. A secondary purpose was to examine whether these relationships differ when comparing screen-based and non-screen-based...

Introduction: To continue to inform sleep health guidelines and the development of evidence-based healthy sleep interventions for children and adolescents, it is important to better understand the associations between sleep timing (bedtime, wake-up time, midpoint of sleep) and various health indicators. The objective of this systematic review was t...

Introduction Increased screen time is a ubiquitous part of adolescent life and is adversely associated with their well-being. However, it remains unclear whether different types of screen time have equivalent associations, or if relationships are dose-dependent. Methods The data were from 2 nationally representative Health Behaviour in School-aged...

Background: This study examined associations between sociodemographic factors and meeting versus not meeting the new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines recommendations. Methods: The study is based on 7651 respondents aged 18-79 years from the 2007 to 2013 Canadian Health Measures Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. Soc...

The time spent in sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity form a 24-hour movement behavior composition. The objective was to identify neighborhood physical environment features associated with multiple components of the movement behavior composition among 10 to 13-year-olds. Twenty-three neighborhood physical environment features were meas...

Background: The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults (18-64 years and 65 years or older) were launched in October 2020 and provide evidence-based recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep. The purpose of this study was to examine whether meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines overall, and different combinatio...

Introduction This study examined longitudinal associations between e-cigarette use, cigarette smoking, physical activity, and recreational screen time (ST) in a cohort of Canadian adolescents (ages 14-17 years; grades 9-12). Methods Data from 5,951 adolescents who participated in COMPASS Year 4 (2015–16; baseline) and Year 6 (2017–18; follow-up) w...

Background: The fitness levels of Canadian adults declined substantially between 1981 and the years 2007 to 2009, suggesting a reduction in population health. This paper updates the fitness trends of Canadians aged 20 to 69 years by extending the time period to 2017. Data and methods: The Canadian Health Measures Survey is a repeated cross-secti...

Introduction The enhancement of data systems and capabilities at national levels to support regular population surveillance of physical activity (PA) was identified as a priority in the World Health Organization Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018–2030. The aims of this project were to: (i) review, compare, and discuss the methodological i...

Background Research examining the associations between movement behaviours and mental health indicators within a compositional framework are sparse and limited by their cross-sectional study design. This study has three objectives. First, to describe the change in movement behaviour composition over time. Second, to explore the association between...

This study determined if meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines recommendations are associated with all-cause mortality. Participants were 3471 adults from the 2005–2006 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey followed for mortality over 11 years. They were classified as meeting or not meeting recommendations for sleep durat...

Background One of the strategic actions identified in the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (PA) 2018–2030 is the enhancement of data systems and capabilities at national levels to support regular population surveillance of PA. Although national and international standardized surveillance of PA among children and adolescents has increased in...

Background The objective was to determine whether time spent in different types of sedentary behavior during adolescence are associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Methods Participants were 3942 adolescents aged 16 years who were part of the 1970 British Cohort Study. Sedentary behavior was assessed using a questionna...

Children and youth are recommended to achieve at least 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, no more than 2 h/day of recreational screen time, and a sleep duration of 9–11 h/night for 11–13-year-olds or 8–10 h/night for 14–17-year-olds. Meeting the physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration recommendations have previously be...

Background: Due to the myriad of benefits of children’s outdoor play and time, there is increasing concern over its decline. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the correlates of outdoor play and outdoor time among children aged 3-12 years. Methods: A total of 12 electronic databases in five different languages (Chinese, English, Korean...

Background Daily time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) are compositional, co-dependent variables. The objectives of this study were to use compositional data analysis to: (1) examine the relationship between the movement behaviour composi...

Background: Physical fitness is an important indicator of current and future health status. This analysis examines the relationships among child-parent dyads in physical fitness measures. Data and methods: The analysis is based on biological child-parent dyads from three cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (Cycle 1: 2007 to 2009, Cycle...

Objective The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth recommend at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day, 2 hours or less of recreational screen time per day, and 9 to 11 hours of sleep per night for 5 to 13 years old and 8 to 10 hours per night for 14 to 17 years old. This study examined the association between meeting...

The purpose of this overview of systematic reviews was to determine the relationship between different types and patterns of sedentary behaviour and selected health outcomes in adults and older adults. Five electronic databases were last searched in May, 2019, with a 10-year search limit. Included reviews met the a priori population (community-dwel...

The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology assembled a Consensus Panel representing national organizations, content experts, methodologists, stakeholders, and end-users and followed an established guideline development procedure to create the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older: An In...

The objective of this overview of systematic reviews was to determine the benefits and harms of resistance training (RT) on health outcomes in adults aged 18 years or older, compared with not participating in RT. Four electronic databases were searched in February 2019 for systematic reviews published in the past 10 years. Eligibility criteria were...

This overview of systematic reviews examined the effect of balance and functional strength training on health outcomes in adults aged 18 years or older, to inform the Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines. Four electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews published between January 2009 and May 2019. Eligibility criteria were determined...

The objective of this overview of systematic reviews was to examine the associations between sleep duration and health outcomes in adults. Four electronic databases were searched in December 2018 for systematic reviews published in the previous 10 years. Included reviews met the a priori determined population (community-dwelling adults aged 18 year...

This systematic review determined if the composition of time spent in movement behaviours (i.e., sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) is associated with health in adults. Five electronic databases were searched in August 2019. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were p...

The objective of this systematic review was to examine the associations between sleep timing (e.g., bedtime/wake-up time, midpoint of sleep), sleep consistency/regularity (e.g., intra-individual variability in sleep duration, social jetlag, catch-up sleep), and health outcomes in adults aged 18 years and older. Four electronic databases were search...

There are gaps in current guidance concerning how to conduct overviews of systematic reviews in an outcome-centric manner. Herein we summarize the methods and lessons learned from conducting 4 outcome-centric overviews to help inform the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older on the topics...

Background The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth recommend ≥60 min of physical activity per day, ≤2 h of recreational screen time per day, and 9−11 hours of sleep per night for 11–13 years old and 8−10 hours per night for 14–17 years old. Objective This study examined the association between combinations of these recommen...

Purpose The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (≥60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day, ≤2 hours of recreational screen time per day, and 9–11 hours of sleep per night for 5–13 years old) are associated with better physical health, but less is known about how these behaviors are related to mental heal...

Objective To present findings from the available global surveillance systems of physical activity (PA) for children and youth (0-17 year-old), and to highlight research gaps and needs for their improvement. Methods Narrative review of the international surveillance systems, studies, and global initiatives collecting or compiling evidence on the PA...

Obesity is a prevalent, complex, progressive and relapsing chronic disease, characterized by abnormal or excessive body fat (adiposity), that impairs health. People living with obesity face substantial bias and stigma, which contribute to increased morbidity and mortality independent of weight or body mass index. This guideline update reflects su...

KEY POINTS • Obesity is a prevalent, complex, progressive and relapsing chronic disease, characterized by abnormal or excessive body fat (adiposity), that impairs health. • People living with obesity face substantial bias and stigma, which contribute to increased morbidity and mortality independent of weight or body mass index. • This guideline upd...

Background: Physical inactivity (PI) is associated with the development of non-communicable chronic diseases. The purposes of this study were to estimate the extent to which the 31% relative increase in PI among 35-64 years old Mexicans between 2006 and 2012 influenced diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality, and to...

Background: Children and youth who meet the physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behaviour recommendations in the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines are more likely to have desirable physical and psychosocial health outcomes. Yet, few children and youth actually meet the recommendations. The family is a key source of influence that can affect...

Background: For optimal health benefits, the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (aged 5-17 years) recommend an achievement of high levels of physical activity (≥60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), low levels of sedentary behaviour (≤2 h of recreational screen time), and sufficient sleep (9-11 h for children...