I Putu Yuda Prabawa

• Clinical Pathology Department of Udayana University
• Lecturer at Udayana University

Background: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a clinical syndrome that results in a decreased cardiac output and/or increased intracardiac pressure with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40%. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often linked to a comorbidity of heart failure, but the differences in tissue damage between...

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disease of the bone marrow in which early lymphoid precursors proliferate and replace normal hematopoietic cells without developing into normal B and T cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common leukemia in pediatric patients, accounting for up to 80% of cases in childr...

Background: Acute Erythroleukemia (AML-M6) is a rare case with approximately 3-4% of all Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) cases. AML-M6 is less common in the pediatric population, with an incidence of <1% of all pediatric leukemia cases. This case study aims to evaluate Acute Erythroleukemia (AML-M6) in a one-year-old boy at Prof. dr. IGNG Ngoerah Denp...

Background. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection has been a global pandemic since late 2019. Clinical manifestation ranges from mild to severe. Even though most COVID-19 patients recover fully from the disease, approximately 5–10% experience prolonged symptoms for several months following the acute COVID-19 phase, defined as long COVID-19 sy...

Non-Obstructive Azoospermia (NOA) is caused by the failure of spermatogenesis process. This case becomes the highest prevalence, 95% of the total azoospermia. Therapeutic modalities in use today such as invasive techniques, hormonal therapy, and gene therapy are less effective in the treatment of azoospermia. In addition, the overall therapeutic mo...

Background: Packed Red Cells (PRC) is one of the blood component obtained from the whole blood through the removal of blood plasma. The storage of PRC aims to maintain the viability and function of erythrocytes by reducing cell metabolic activity. However, PRC's biochemistry changes could occur through storage lesion by releasing Stromal Cell-Deriv...

BACKGROUND: The enforcement of diagnosis and monitoring of therapy success in SARS-Cov-2 infection, which causes COVID-19 disease, necessitates laboratory tests that may assess and identify patients prior to developing critical circumstances requiring additional treatment. The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) testing...

Background: Diagnostic and therapeutic cases of hyperthyroidism can be identified by examining the levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free T4 (FT4). There are several examination methods, namely the Fluorescence Immunoassay (FIA) and the Electro-Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) method. This study aims to evaluate the difference in...

Background: Gaucher's disease is a rare Lysosomal Storage Disorder (LSD) caused by the accumulation of glucosylceramide/glucocerebroside. There are several types of Gaucher, such as non-neuronopathic, infantile-onset neuronopathic and juvenile-onset neuronopathic. This case study aims to evaluate Gaucher's disease in a 4-year-old child at Sanglah G...

Background: CD5 is expressed in several B-lymphocyte malignancies, including Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL), but CD5 positive B-cell lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is extremely rare. Aberrant T-cell antigen expression is associated with poor prognosis and is a useful marker to identify patients at increas...

Background: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) as cardiovascular disease is a significant cause of death worldwide and requires examining cardiac biomarkers such as Troponin T (TnT) for diagnosis. However, increased troponin levels are often found in non-AMI patients. Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) as a novel biomarker has known will...

One Health concept is composed of a collaborative strategy approach in conducting program implementations, policies, legislative aspects, and research studies that involve active participation from various sectors to achieve global public health goals better. It represents a collaborative implementation between clinical, veterinary and government t...

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a structural or functional kidney disease for more than 3 months. In predialysis CKD patients, the serum parathyroid hormone levels increase progressively since the early stages of the disease to maintain phosphate homeostasis. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been widely accepted to assess renal func...

BACKGROUNDS: Breast cancer or breast carcinoma is the most common type of malignancy in women globally. According to the previous studies that indicate the usage of antihypertensive drugs may become a risk factor of cancer (beta-blockers [BBs], calcium channel blockers [CCBs], and diuretics). Both angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEIs) a...

Introduction: The mortality of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is contributed by the severity of the head injury, associated trauma, and complication during treatment. This study aimed to develop a prognostic scoring system of risk factors that contribute to the 14-day mortality of severe TBI.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study includi...

Background: Recently in the development of the technology, the handling, and management taken for patients are increasingly complex and diverse, especially in the field of cardiology intervention. There are various interventions that residents need to know and cleanse in the field of cardiology in fulfilling their competencies before becoming cardi...

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia and often becomes persistent with a high risk of thromboembolism event. Spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm can occur in 50% of cases with new-onset AF. In this case report we report the spontaneous conversion of AF to sinus rhythm in patients with Unstable Angina without any thromboe...

Virtual patient simulation (VPS) is an online computer simulation system that contains patients' clinical situation to train and realistically assess clinical abilities with supplemental animation, demonstration of anatomy, ECG tracing, etc. It can be used for teaching, learning, and assessment supports learning. Until now, it is difficult to ascer...

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer tends to respond differently to treatments, which are usually determined by clinicopathological characteristics. Several studies evaluated the role of the peripheral blood test as diagnostic and prognostic markers in several types of solid cancer and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-tolymphocyte ratio (PLR...

BACKGROUND: Single-nucleotide polymorphism in the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12 gene had been associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, several published studies have shown inconsistent results. AIM: A meta-analysis was assessed to evaluate the association between SDF-1 3’A-gene polymorphism and CAD...

Background:Â Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection, where the pathogen or toxin is released into the blood circulation, causing activation of the inflammatory process. Laboratory tests are used to detect inflammatory processes, one of which is procalcitonin. This study aims to determine the correlation between procalcitonin (PCT)...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still a global health problem. Current T2DM treatments are limited to curing the symptoms and have not been able to restore insulin sensitivity in insulin-sensitive tissues that have become resistant. In the past decade, some studies have shown the significant role of a chaperone family, heat shock protein 70 (HSP...

Background Clinicopathological of breast cancer have different treatment response and clinical outcomes. The platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is an emerging indicator for inflammation, diagnostic and prognostic tool in cancer. This study aimed to evaluated the association of PLR ratios with clinicopathological characteristics to clarify the role of...

Background: Spinal Injury is a devastating injury with life-long impact on an individual’s health and quality of life. Sport­ing activities, such as water sport, is also known contributed to the spinal injury. This study aims to evaluate the water sport-related spine injury (WS-RSI) which is occurred in Bali during 2017 as a preliminary study at BR...

Background: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test is one of the most widely performed laboratory test to assess acute phase of inflammation, infection, autoimmune or malignancy. The reference method for ESR measurement was introduced by Westergren. This method is generally easy, un-expensive, yet, time consuming. Automatic instrument has be...

Introduction: Diabetes is often accompanied by undiagnosed dyslipidemia. The aim of the study is to investigate the clinical relevance of lipid profiles and lipid ratios as predictive biochemical models for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This is a retrospective study recruiting 140 patients with T2DM dur...

Background: Inflammation represents a pivotal role in the progression of cervical cancer. The hematological markers of inflammation in complete blood count (CBC) panel are potentially useful in determining the prognosis of the disease. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) a...

Background Antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapies are part of standard core treatments for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Effectiveness of these therapies, however, is often offset by the resultant hemorrhagic complications, which in turn possess significantly worse prognosis. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) accompanied by acute b...

Background: Platelet transfusion leaves many problems and controversies such as short storage times, high risk of contamination, poor therapeutic response and often results in transfusion reactions. Transfusion reactions are associated with platelet storage lesion. Increased storage lesions will increase the biological response modifiers such as so...

Prevalence of preeclampsia worldwide is quite high, treatment for preeclampsia currently does not give satisfying result, overcome the risk factor are the key to prevent the disease. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical risk factor of preeclampsia in Bali Royal Hospital. A case control study was conducted in Bali Royal Hospital between...

Background: An increasing number of valid and well-designed trials have demonstrated a positive correlation between visit-to-visit variability (VVV) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and increased risk of stroke and coronary heart disease among hypertensive patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that involved 74 patients who visite...