Hyeon Seo Cho

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• Ph.D.
• Professor at Chonnam National University

The present study determined the microplastic distributions in the surface water of the Southern Sea of Korea (SS01–SS09) in September 2019, depending on three groups (Groups A, B, and C) categorized via the principal component analysis and cluster analysis using the water quality parameters (water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, suspe...

Microplastic distribution surveys centered on Korea’s Gwangyang Bay and southern coastal waters. Gwangyang Bay seawater averaged 3.17 ± 1.23 particles/L, and sediments averaged 462.4 ± 143.9 particles/kg. The southern coastal seawater averaged 0.10 ± 0.09 particles/L, and the sediments averaged 50.6 ± 29.7 particles/kg. Microplastics flowing from l...

This study investigated microplastic distribution characteristics by collecting surface seawater from sea areas to the south of Jeju Island in August 2020. The average microplastic abundance was 0.46 ± 0.27 particles/L (n = 23), and PE had a high ratio, averaging 53%. The levels of fragments and fibers were observed to be 69% and 31% on average, re...

The microplastics in the surface seawater at 23 fixed points in the southwestern waters of Jeju Island were analyzed to conduct a study on the distribution characteristics of microplastics. The abundance of microplastics was shown to be 0.17 ~ 1.37 (average 0.46) n/L, the materials were mainly PP and PE, and the shape of fragments was dominant in t...

TRACT Microplastics have recently been considered anthropogenic pollutants. Of the arguments to describe microplastic distributions is what mesh size should be employed. Many researchers have reported that the use of different mesh sizes causes naturally generated microplastic quantity differences. However, studies on how much specific microplastic...

Located in the central part of the west coast Yeonggwang in Anma Island, unlike other areas of the West Sea, the sea area around Anma Island is known to have a fast sea current due to the relatively monotonous coastline and a few islands. Surveys were conducted two times in July 2020 and January 2021 for twenty-one sites selected to analyze the sea...

The suncheon Bay has a relatively wide tidal flat, creating a characteristic sediment environment, and as the bay proceeds to the southern outer sea, some islands are distributed in its sea area. This sea area was registered in Ramsar in 2006 as a representative coastal wetland. Therefore, studies on coastal wetlands in Suncheon Bay, which have hig...

As hypoxia adversely af ects the marine environment in northwestern Gamak Bay every summer, the present study determined its comprehensive occurrence mechanisms using the Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and suggested management directions based on the primary MRA factors. The first hypoxia occurred by thermocline related to weather conditions, w...

The occurrence and distribution of cyclic and linear siloxanes were investigated in South Korean river water and sediment, with a special focus on crucian carp tissues, to evaluate the residual status and potential bioaccumulation of siloxanes. The total siloxanes median concentrations observed in this study were 1495 ng/L in river water, 39.2 ng/g...

Thirteen PFASs in water (n = 58), sediment (n = 58) and edible fish samples (n = 81) collected from three special management sea areas of Korea including Gwangyang bay, Masan bay and Busan harbor in July 2018 were investigated. The mean PFASs concentration in water (ng/L) were in order Masan (5.09) > Busan (2.82) > Gwangyang (1.74). PFASs levels we...

In this study, a comprehensive investigation was performed to understand the overall occurrence, relative distribution , and bioaccumulation of seven different groups of POPs, comprising 27 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 76 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 23 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), three hex-abromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), and 13...

In this study, a comprehensive investigation was performed to understand the overall occurrence, relative distribution, and bioaccumulation of seven different groups of POPs, comprising 27 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 76 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 23 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), three hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), and 13 p...

The concentrations, distributions, and bioaccumulation of nine organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) were investigated in both abiotic and biotic media, comprising river water, sediment, and cru-cian carp. The highest concentrations were observed in liver (6.22e18.1 ng/g ww), and the levels in muscle (4.23e7.75 ng/g ww) and gonad (3.08e7.70 ng/g...

The occurrence and distribution of 41 congeners of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) were investigated in major tissues of crucian carp (muscle, gonad, liver, and blood) and in river sediment to assess the bioaccumulation potential of PCNs. The total PCN concentrations in sediment ranged from 4.37 to 19.5 pg/g dry weight (dw), mainly comprising C...

To examine the effects of tributyltin (TBT), a model obesogen, on lipid metabolism in the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus, we carried out life-cycle studies and determined the in vitro and in silico interactions of retinoid X receptor (RXR) with TBT, the transcriptional levels of RXR and lipid metabolism-related genes, and the fatty acid content...

The occurrence and relative distribution of legacy (polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs], polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], organochlorine pesticides [OCPs], hexabromocyclododecanes [HBCDs], and perfluoroalkyl substances [PFASs]) and new (polychlorinated naphthalenes [PCNs] and short chain chlorinated paraffins [SCCPs]) POPs were determined to in...

Objective In this study, we determined 13 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) concentrations in 514 samples of blood, liver, muscle and egg tissues of ten edible freshwater fish species from major rivers and lakes in Korea. Methods The sample was extracted by ion-pair extraction (IPE) method and analyzed by Shimadzu HPLCMSMS 8040. Besides, the Total...

The occurrence and distribution of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) were investigated in freshwater, sediment, and selected crucian carp (Carassius carassius) tissues (muscle, liver, egg, and blood) to evaluate the potential for HBCDs bioaccumulation. The HBCDs concentration ranged from not detected to 0.35ng/L in freshwater, and from 0.037 to 35.4n...

The concentrations, distributions, and bioaccumulation of nine organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) were investigated in both abiotic and biotic media, comprising river water, sediment, and crucian carp. The highest concentrations were observed in liver (6.22-18.1 ng/g ww), and the levels in muscle (4.23-7.75 ng/g ww) and gonad (3.08-7.70 ng/g...

Organotin compounds are considered to be dangerous chemicals because of their deleterious effects on non-target marine organisms. In 2003, the use of TBT-based antifouling paints was totally banned in Korea, and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) proposed to extend the ban to almost all ocean-going vessels. In this study, the concentrati...

Gamak Bay, Deukryang Bay, and Doam Bay were designated as Environmental preservation sea areas for conservation of fishery resources by the Korean government. It is essential to maintain the chemical status of these environments, particularly for heavy metals that pose potential risks to fishery resources. This study was, therefore, carried out to...

A simultaneous monitoring study on organotins (butyltins and phenyltins) and most frequently used alternative antifouling biocides (Irgarol 1051, Diuron, Sea-Nine 211 and M1) in water and sediments (n = 44) collected from three Special Management Sea Areas operated by Korean government. The lower concentration of butyltins (BTs) than that of new an...

The concentrations and tissue-specific distribution patterns of OPFRs were identified in muscle, liver, gonad, and whole blood of 20 crucian carp which are the most representative species of Nakdong river in South Korea. Moreover, several factors were considered such as total length, body weight, sex, maternal transfer, and partition coefficients o...

Water, sediment, various tissues of fish, crustacean, gastropod and bivalve were collected from major river basins in Vietnam and analyzed for the presence of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs). Furthermore, the occurrence of PFASs in coastal, tap and well waters collected from eight different regions in Vietnam was investigated. PFOA and PFOS...

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been found in water environment globally. However, the difference on occurrence profiles between PFASs in water from coastal areas and inland rivers or/and agricultural areas is still limited. In this study, the presence of thirteen PFASs in sixty-five surface water samples collected from coastal areas of thre...

Seasonal characteristics of water and sediment qualities and potential effects of the freshwater discharge from a small tide embankment interior in a coastal area in Goheung county were investigated from May to September in 2012. Chemical oxygen demand values (COD) were mostly higher than 2 mg/L in summer ebb tide, which exceed the standard value o...

Six organotins including monobutyltin, debutyltin, tributyltin (TBT), monophenyltin, dephenyltin (DBT), triphenyltin were analyzed to investigate a status and effects of a shipyard to organotins pollution in seawater and sediment from 31 sampling sites, in total, in Jinhae Bay. TBT (mean concentration=2.24 ng/L as Cl) and DBT (mean concentration=3....

We histologically examined normal differentiation and development of genital tract and gonad in the ivory shell Babylonia japonica (Buccinidae) to determine whether the formation of male-type genitalia in imposex-exhibiting females mimics the normal development of male genitalia in prosobranch gastropods. We used a wild-caught 2-year-old specimen a...

Concentrations of organotin compounds (OTCs) were measured in the muscle and liver of two fish species (Paralichthys Olivaceus and Mugil cephalus) collected in the six developed coastal regions of Korea: Incheon, Gunsan, Yeosu, Masan, Pohang and Jeju. Concentrations of butyltin compounds (ΣBTs) in the muscle and liver of the two fish species were d...

PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in coastal area and estuary adjacent to urban area and industrial activities region are mainly introduced into marine environment via atmosphere and river. This study which is evaluated the distribution characteristics of PAHs discharge from rivers and sewage disposal water which flowing into Ulsan bay, and we...

Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were determined in seawater, sediment and biota collected from Gwangyang Bay, Korea. Total concentrations of PBDEs in seawater and sediment ranged from 56.1 to 343 pg/L and from 1.16 to 43.6 ng/g dry weight, respectively. Total concentrations of PBDEs in edible tissue and liver samples ranged...

Tributyltin (TBT) is the most common pesticide in marine and freshwater environments. To evaluate the potential ecological risk posed by TBT, we measured biological responses such as growth rate, gonad index, sex ratio, the percentage of intersex gonads, filtration rate, and gill abnormalities in the equilateral venus clam (Gomphina veneriformis)....

The characteristics of the development of male genitalia (penis and vas deferens) in imposex-exhibiting female rock shells, Thais clavigera, were histologically examined using specimens from a wild population and tributyltin (TBT)-exposed females in the laboratory. A variety of vas deferens morphogenesis patterns were observed in wild female T. cla...

Concentrations of organotin compounds (butyltins and phenyltins) were determined in gonad, accessory sex organs, penis, digestive gland, kidney, radula with sac, oesophagus with crop, stomach, hypobranchial gland, rectum, mantle, osphradium, ctenidium, heart, salivary gland, head ganglia and muscle of imposex-exhibiting female and male rock shells...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Due to the potential of this compound to disrupt normal endocrinal functions, concerns over human exposure to BPA have been raised. Although several studies have reported human exposure to BPA in Western nations, little is known about exp...

The occurrence of 14 phthalate metabolites was found in human urine samples collected from seven Asian countries: China, India, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, Malaysia, and Vietnam. Phthalate metabolites were found in all samples, indicating widespread exposure of humans to phthalates in these Asian countries. The highest total (the sum of 14 phthalates) ph...

This study investigated the bioaccumulation effects of endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) such as Tributyltin (TBT), Nonylphenol (NP) and Bisphenol-A (BPA) on flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus. The exposure experiment with the flow through system was performed to examine the effects of bioconcentration for single or multi-chemicals. In the muscle...

Residual PEGs in surface river water and sediments were measured at Nakdong River watershed. In this research considering hazards to human and environment, to understand the behavior of PFGs within inorganic materials while moving through river system, and evaluated inter-media distribution characteristics and the influence of river flow from Seons...

Class Gastropoda includes a large number of described species, many with extensively rearranged mitochondrial genomes. We sequenced the mitogenome of the rock shell, Thais clavigera (Gastropoda: Muricidae), an intertidal snail, using long PCR with primers designed on the basis of expressed sequence tags. The mitogenome of T. clavigera consists of 2...

This study was carried out on the ark shell Scapharca broughtonii in order to examine if organotin compounds, which are known to induce reproductive abnormalities in gastropods, have the same affect on bivalves. The research was conducted during seven weeks in spring season through a field transplantation experiment in one reference area (Ra) and t...

In recent years, environmental pollution by phannaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment is of great concern worldwide. Recent studies have been reported to occur in a variety of environmental organisms such as surface, drinking and ground water, soils, sediments and hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evalu...

PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) compounds may enter into the marine environment in a number of ways, and PAHs in coastal area and estuary adjacent to urban area and industrial activities region are mainly introduced into marine environment via atmosphere or river. The field surveys to evaluate the pollution of PAHs in rivers of Jinhae bay we...

We studied improvement in marine environmental impact assessment and related management systems of coastal sediments that are dredged inshore but disposed offshore. After reviewing and diagnosing the existing assessment procedures and problems, we recommend to design the core assessment items and improve the reliability of assessment byenhancing th...

The PCDD/DFs and coplanar PCBs (co-PCBs) in sediment samples from Gwangyang Bay in South Korea was investigated. The total concentration of dioxins and their toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ; calculated with the WHO 2005 Toxic Equivalency Factors) value in the surface sediment of the outer site (261 pg g(-1) TOC, 4.4 pg-TEQ g(-1)) were 3-fold higher...

The rock shell (Thais clavigera) has attracted interest due to high frequency of imposex induced by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in its natural populations. Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms of action of EDCs. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in antioxidant defense protecting the cells from oxidative stress....

The nine organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the sediment samples taken from Gwangyang Bay, which is a heavy chemical industrial region in South Korea, are analyzed to evaluate their contaminations during the past 50 years. The vertical distributions of SigmaOCPs concentration in the sediment core were in good agreement with the temporal amount of...

This study estimated response of water duality and pollutant behavior according to the discharge and reuse of treated wastewater by three-dimensional eco-hydrodynamic model, and suggest plan that water quality management and environmental restoration in the coastal area including urban stream of Yeosu, Korea. Dispersions of low-saline water and COD...

The types, quantities, and distribution of marine litter found on the sea bed of the East China Sea and the South Sea of Korea are surveyed. Surveys were evaluated using bottom trawl nets during 1996–2005 cruises. Mean distribution densities were high in coastal seas, especially in the South Sea of Korea offshore from Yeosu, with 109.8 kg km−2, and...

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHS), and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) are widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems. Despite studies reporting the occurrence of PFCs in aquatic organisms, the fate of PFCs in tidal flat...

Phytoestrogens and organochlorine pesticides in the diet of laboratory animals are a possible source of interference in bioassays that assess estrogenic activity. In the present study, we investigated the levels of dietary phytoestrogens, organochlorine pesticides and the estrogenic activity of various diets for an experimental fish and discuss the...

This study estimated the appropriate pollutant load reduction from point sources in Kwangyang Bay, Korea, using an eco-hydrodynamic model. The total chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen (TN), and phosphorus (TP) loads from rivers and ditches that provide input to the bay were approximately 2.8x10(4), 2.5x10(4), and 5.9x10(2) kg day-1, respectivel...

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect on the marine environment by the use of Nano-S. Nano-S was made to apply to improve the red tide bloom. The experiment was performed at round tank with volume of 180 L. Each tank was filled with an aggravated sediment about hight and sea water. The water flow-rate of tank was established on the ra...

This study evaluated the composition and distribution of marine litters on the sea-bed of the East China Sea. Surveys have been conducted by a benthic trawlnet of Dong-baek training ship of Yosu national university during the cruise of 2002-2004. Distribution density showed high value in C5 (north-western area of Jeju Island) with and those of annu...

A short neck clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, is one of the most dominant fauna in the benthic communities on the sand tidal flats across the Japanese coast. On the tidal flats facing to Ariake Bay in Kumamoto prefecture, more than 60, 000tons of the clam were harvested per year in the 1970s. However, the dense populations collapsed on the tidal flat...

The third countrywide survey on imposex and organotin contamination in the rock shell was conducted in 93 locations along the Japan coast between September 1996 and January 1999. The percentage occurrence of imposex was still high in 86 locations whereas no or rare instances of imposex were found in the remaining seven locations. Severe imposex sym...

Histological examination of gonads as well as chemical analysis of organotin compounds in tissues of the giant abalone, Haliotis madaka, was conducted to evaluate possible endocrine disruption and to consider the causal factors for the decline of abalone stocks in Japan. Abalone specimens were collected from two different areas, Tsushima as a refer...

PCDDs and PCDFs were analyzed by high resolution GC-MS in two species of shellfish collected from southern coast of Korea. PCDDs and PCDFs were detected from all samples. Total concentration of PCDDs and PCDFs ranged from 4.4 to 19 pg/g wet weight and from 2.5 to 26 pg/g wet weight, respectively. By using a method of cluster analysis based on conge...

Field studies on imposex and organotin (butyltin and phenyltin) contamination in the Japanese molluscs (the rock shell, Thais clavigera, and the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas) were conducted along the coast of both the Seto Inland Sea and the Sanriku region, Japan, during February-March 1996. The percentage occurrence of imposex in the rock she...

Acute toxicity tests of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) were conducted on hte larvae of the rock shell, Thais clavigera, the disk abalone, Haliotis discus discus and the giant abalone, Haliotis madaka. For the rock shell larvae, the LC50 values (based on the nominal concentrations) were 8.4 μg (24 h) and 5.6 μg (48 h) TBT/IL; 8.6 μg (24 h)...

This study evaluated the composition and distribution of marine litters on the sea-bed of South Sea and West Sea of Korea(Southeastern Yellow Sea), and East China Sea. Observation was conducted by a bottom trawl net of Dong-baek(GT: 1,057ton) and Ka-ya(GT: 1,737ton) training ship, of Yosu and Pukyong national university, respectively, during the cr...

Abstracts of 2nd UNU-ORI joint international workshop for marine environment 第2回海洋環境国際ワークショップ講演要旨