Humberto Manuel Trujillo MendozaUniversity of Granada | UGR · Department of Methodology for Behavioral Science
Humberto Manuel Trujillo Mendoza
PhD (Psychology) / Doctor en Psicología
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220
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Introduction
Jihadist Terrorism
Additional affiliations
February 1991 - present
Publications
Publications (220)
From a peacebuilding perspective, understanding the factors that lead to radicalization is the first step in preventing political violence, resisting its effects, and building solid pillars for peace. Along these lines, this research aims to explore the relationship between economic factors and radicalization, particularly between unemployment and...
Radicalization is a complex process given the fact that several factors interact in it. In order to gain an overview of these factors, a case study was performed of the cell that carried out the terrorist attacks in Barcelona and Cambrils. The 3N model of radicalization was used, which proposes three factors: needs, narratives and networks. The con...
Preventive approaches have gained weight with regard to violent extremism. However, although the number of interventions aimed at prevention has increased, many of them do not have a solid theoretical basis and very few have been evaluated, so we do not know the real impact of these interventions. Based on these limitations, a sport-based intervent...
One of the major challenges facing humanity is understanding the psychosocial mechanisms that underlie radicalization in order to effectively deal with its shift towards violent extremism and terrorism. From a scientific standpoint, there have been major theoretical-conceptual and technical-methodological advances which have led to the development...
This paper aims to study the process of violent radicalization in El Puche, a marginal neighborhood of Spain with a high percentage of disenfranchised Muslims. Particularly, we explore whether this neighborhood exhibits the factors proposed by the 3N model of radicalization: needs, networks, and narratives. We present two studies in which we analyz...
Introduction
Radicalization leading to violence is a complex social process that frequently targets young people. In this study, we examine the 17-A cell, which carried out terrorist attacks in the Spanish cities of Barcelona and Cambrils on August 17, 2017. We focus on the psychological manipulation techniques used to radicalized members of the ce...
Social exclusion is one of the most complex and sensitive social problems nowadays. Of all social groups, adolescents are among the most vulnerable to social exclusion, which can interfere with their social development. Consequently, the evaluation of this construct in adolescents is an important matter. The aim of this investigation was to develop...
Preventing and countering violent radicalization: A guide for first-line practitioners
Prevención y afrontamiento de la radicalización violenta : Una guía para profesionales de primera línea
The 3N model of radicalization proposes that violent radicalization is the result of the contribution of needs, networks, and narratives. Although research has mainly been supportive of this perspective, a substantial amount of ground remains uncovered regarding the network component of the model. Within this framework, we examine why individuals l...
Social exclusion is one of the most complex and sensitive social problems nowadays. Of all social groups, adolescents are among the most vulnerable to social exclusion, which can interfere with their social development. Consequently, the evaluation of this construct in adolescents is an important matter. The aim of this investigation was to develop...
The 3N model of radicalization proposes that violent radicalization is the result of the contribution of needs, networks, and narratives. Although research has mainly been supportive of this perspective, a substantial amount of ground remains uncovered regarding the network component of the model. Within this framework, we examine why individuals l...
Oppression, frustration, and humiliation are some of the most critical variables when predicting political violence. There are, however, other factors, such as group support and violent narratives/ideologies, involved in this relationship. Moreover, contextual and group characteristics should also be taken into account. Thus, we conduct an empirica...
Artículo cuyos contenidos podrían ayudar a mejorar el afrontamiento psicosocial de la enfermedad CoVid-19. En agosto de 2014 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró a la enfermedad por el virus del ébola (EVE) como una emergencia sanitaria pública de carácter internacional. Aunque esta epidemia venía siendo una realidad en diferentes país...
The present study analyzed the differences in the language usage between pro-ISIS users and random users on Twitter. Based on the literature, it was expected that, when comparing the tweets from both samples, distinctive patterns would be found on their
usage of similar linguistic categories. This observational study compared a dataset of 105 pro-I...
Se analizan las claves psicosociales para la comprensión y prevención del reclutamiento yihadista. Tras unos supuestos básicos de partida, se describen algunas claves contextuales y demográficas que es necesario conocer para lograr una adecuada comprensión del proceso de reclutamiento. Posteriormente, se pasa a la sección central del capítulo, dond...
Over the past few years, the task of conceiving effective interventions on complex networks has arisen as different optimization problems. An interesting intervention scheme that has many important real-world applications is to introduce (infiltrate) in a network a certain number of new nodes and connect them to certain existing nodes with the aim...
The present study analyzed the differences in the language usage between pro-ISIS users and random users on Twitter. Based on the literature, it was expected that, when comparing the tweets from both samples, distinctive patterns would be found on their usage of similar linguistic categories. This observational study compared a dataset of 105 pro-I...
Jihadism, Foreign Fighters and Radicalization in the EU addresses the organizational and strategic changes in terrorism in Europe as a result of urban jihadism and the influx of foreign fighters of European nationality or residence.
Examining the different types of responses to the treatment of radicalization and its consequences in the recruitmen...
The self-called Islamic State offered its followers not only a place to die as martyrs, but also a place to be perceived and treated as heroes. The media narrative has tried to appeal to human needs anchored in the search for "honor and glory" as a motivational basis to join the global jihad. In addition, much of its propaganda has tried to inocula...
The phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters traveling to different places to join the jihad and their potential return is a priority challenge for the security of States. However, despite the extensive media attention, very little is known about the phenomenon itself, something that is also evidenced by the lack of a single definition in the EU, a...
Violent radicalization and terrorism continue to pose social and security problems. Starting from the theoretical framework offered by the significance quest theory, the purpose of this research was to analyze the different roles that radical intentions play in the relationship between the loss of significance and violent disinhibition in Muslims a...
Tipo de artículo: Actualidad. Disciplinas: Psicología. Etiquetas: cierre cognitivo, extremismo, radicalización, violencia. Existe cierto consenso en que la radicalización es un proceso complejo y multidimensional donde numerosas variables psicosociales pueden estar implicadas como factores contribuyentes. Una de las perspectivas que más apoyo empír...
En la última década, la psicología del terrorismo ha prestado especial atención a la interacción individuo-grupo, en el intento de comprender mejor cómo se producen los procesos de radicalización violenta. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar si los miembros de un grupo de terroristas yihadistas fueron manipulados psicológicamente en su pro...
In the past decade, the psychology of terrorism has paid a special attention to individual group interaction in an attempt to better understand how processes of violent radicalization occur. The objective of this research is to determine whether the members of a group of Jihadi terrorists were psychologically manipulated and abused during the proce...
Based on the effects of framing on audience opinion, the attitudes towards Palestinians and Israelis are evaluated when a news item reports on a violent event between the two sides. To do so, a short inter-group experiment was conducted. A 3 (manipulation of the news item) x 2 (group evaluated) design was applied. Three news formats were presented:...
Los presentes estudios examinaron la hipótesis de que la pérdida de importancia personal favorecen el extremismo a través del necesidad de cierre cognitivo. Situaciones de pérdida de significado de una persona (aquellas que la hacen sentirse avergonzada, humillada o degradada), son inconsistentes con el deseo de una autoimagen positiva e infunden u...
Article whose content could help reduce the spread of CoVid-19 disease // Network theory and its applications arise in a variety of scientific fields (such as physics, engineering, sociology, psychology, criminology, epidemiology, biology, and many others), due to the inherent network’s ability to logically represent important relationships (edges)...
PRIMER PROBLEMA DE OPTIMIZACIÓN: Minimizar el máximo valor de centralidad de intermediación (MaxCI) en la red obtenida tras la eliminación de "k" nodos. MOTIVACIÓN: Se pretende degradar la estructura de la red de tal forma que los actores clave que surjan en la red residual tengan la menor influencia posible en el flujo de información. En otras pal...
The present studies examined the hypothesis that loss of personal significance fuels extremism via the need for cognitive closure. Situations of significance loss-those that make one feel ashamed, humiliated, or demeaned-are inconsistent with the desire for a positive self-image, and instill a sense of uncertainty about the self. Consequently, indi...
La radicalización ideológico-política y el terrorismo generan una serie de consecuencias desastrosas para el correcto funcionamiento de una sociedad. Actualmente, situaciones de convulsión social consecuencia de la crisis económica y migratoria, así como el terrorismo de corte ideológico-religioso, están ocasionando un aumento de la polarización y...
Ideological-political radicalization and terrorism generate
a series of disastrous consequences for the correct
functioning of society. Nowadays, polarization and ideological-political
radicalization are on the rise. Factors
contributing to this are situations of social upheaval like
the migratory and economic crisis, as well as terrorism of
an ide...
Ideological-political radicalization and terrorism generate a series of disastrous consequences for the correct functioning of society. Nowadays, polarization and ideological-political radicalization are on the rise. Factors contributing to this are situations of social upheaval like the migratory and economic crisis, as well as terrorism of an ide...
El consumo de drogas legales e ilegales ha sido muy poco investigado en población militar española destinada en zonas de operaciones multinacionales. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el nivel de consumo de drogas en militares españoles que realizaban misiones en Bosnia-Herzegovina, e identificar las posibles variables asociadas con dicho...
The processes of radicalization, following the model of the two pyramids, starts with a grievance that leads the person to scale through different phases (inert, activist, radical and terrorist) in defense of his own group. According to this model, variables that represent attitudes toward actions as violent disinhibition and intention of activism...
The model of devoted actors, which combines the theory of identity fusion and the theory of sacred values, has been mainly used to predict violent inter-group behavior. According to this model, people whose identity is fused with a group and who have values they consider sacred, which they would defend against all rationality, are more likely to ta...
The use of both legal and illegal drugs has rarely been investigated among the Spanish military population involved in multinational military operations. The aim of the current study was to examine the consumption of drugs by Spanish military personnel in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and the variables associated with such substance use. A total of 605 milit...
Presentación realizada a miembros de la ”Fundación Athena Intelligence (FAI)” y de la ”Agrupación de los Cuerpos de la Administración de Instituciones Penitenciarias (ACAIP)” para el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación.
Presentación utilizada en sesión de trabajo mantenida con representantes del Centro de Inteligencia Contra el Terrorismo y el Crimen Organizado (CITCO) para la ejecución de proyectos de investigación en curso.
Over the past few years, the task of conceiving effective attacks to complex
networks has arisen as an optimization problem. Attacks are modelled as the
process of removing a number k of vertices, from the graph that represents
the network, and the goal is to maximise or minimise the value of a predefined
metric over the graph. In this work, we pre...
El consumo de drogas legales e ilegales ha sido muy poco investigado en población militar española destinada en zonas de operaciones multinacionales. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el nivel de consumo de drogas en militares españoles que realizaban misiones en Bosnia-Herzegovina, e identificar las posibles variables asociadas con dicho...
The use of both legal and illegal drugs has rarely been investigated among the Spanish military population involved in multinational military operations. The aim of the current study was to examine the consumption of drugs by Spanish military personnel in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and the variables associated with such substance use. A total of 605 milit...
Existen escasos instrumentos que evalúen la opresión (dominación bajo amenaza a la vida y a la libertad de un grupo sobre otro). Por extensión, tampoco existen demasiadas evidencias empíricas que apoyen la hipótesis de que la opresión contribuye a la radicalización violenta. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue adaptar al español el Cuestio...
El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar si los miembros de un grupo de terroristas yihadistas en España fueron manipulados psicológicamente para su adoctrinamiento y radicalización violenta mediante la aplicación de estrategias de reforma del pensamiento. Para tal fin, se utilizó la documentación contrastada de una sentencia judicial de la Audi...
Objetivos: Evaluar la intención de activismo y radicalismo político-religioso en una muestra de musulmanes y otra de cristianos residentes en España. Estudiar las interrelaciones entre el activismo y el radicalismo y otros factores psicosociales relacionados con la religión tales como la identificación grupal, los prejuicios religiosos, la religios...
En los últimos años, ha crecido el interés en formular como un problema de optimización la tarea de concebir ataques efectivos que causen el máximo daño sobre redes complejas. En este caso, los ataques se modelan como un proceso de eliminación de k vértices del grafo que representa la red. En este trabajo, seguimos esta línea de investigación prese...
En agosto de 2014 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró a la enfermedad por el virus del ébola (EVE) como una emergencia sanitaria pública de carácter internacional. Aunque esta epidemia venía siendo una realidad en diferentes países africanos, en octubre del mismo año se prestó especial atención a la gestión y comunicación de lo que fu...
In August 2014, World Health Organization (WHO) declared the ebola virus disease (EVD) as a public health emergency of international concern. Although this epidemic was already a reality in different African countries, in October of the same year, special attention was paid to the management and communication of the first case of contagion in Europ...
En este reporte técnico presentamos un software de ayuda a la decisión capaz de determinar estrategias eficientes para el desmantelamiento de redes terroristas. Su finalidad es ser útil a las fuerzas de seguridad para actuar de forma precisa e inminente en situaciones de respuesta frente a estas peligrosas redes delictivas. Para desarrollar el soft...
Radicalization is one of the biggest problems nowadays as it is possible to check referring to the data that indicates that about 5,000 people with European nationality have joined the ranks of DAESH. These data is lower in Spain, around 130 people have traveled to Syria and more than 120 people have been arrested. These data remains alarming altho...
The Palestinian-Israeli conflict has been considered as an unpredictable threat to the stability of the Middle East as well to Europe and Spain specifically. In Spain, the support for one of both groups is determined by the political orientation and by the relations between Israel and the state. In the 70s there was a change and left-wing followers...
The threat of Islamist radicalism and terrorism derived ideologically have
become structural problems that will endure in the coming years, no sign of
having a short term solution. In the context of the European Union, and in
Spain in particular, there are indicators that suggest the possibility that in the
near future will intensify the critical i...
The purpose of this study is to adapt the Activism and Radicalism Intention Scale to Spanish. To do so, two studies were performed. In the first, which had a sample of 514 participants, the instrument was adapted to
Spanish and a confirmatory factorial analysis was conducted. The psychometric results obtained were similar to those of the original v...
La amenaza del radicalismo islamista y del terrorismo derivado ideológicamente se han convertido en problemas estructurales que van a perdurar en los próximos años, sin visos de tener una solución a corto plazo. En el contexto de la Unión Europea, y en España en particular, existen indicadores que hacer pensar en la posibilidad de que en un futuro...
The purpose of this study is to adapt the Activism and Radicalism Intention Scale to Spanish. To do so, two studies were performed. In the first, which had a sample of 514 participants, the instrument was adapted to Spanish and a confirmatory factorial analysis was conducted. The psychometric results obtained were similar to those of the original v...
Spanish stereotypes towards Palestinians and Israelis are based, among other things, on the information which the media broadcasts on these two groups. In order to check the stereotypes of the Spanish people towards both groups and whether the news affects those stereotypes (depending on which of the two groups was the aggressor), a quasi-experimen...
Dada la profunda brecha cultural y religiosa que existe entre cristianos y musulmanes, tanto inmigrantes como españoles, surge la necesidad de estudiar los entresijos que sustentan estas divergencias. Por ello, se presenta la adaptación de una escala de actitudes hacia musulmanes (Griffiths y Pedersen, 2009) destinada a evaluar las actitudes prejui...
In recent years, the concept of cultural intelligence has received increasing attention by researchers and professionals because of its theoretical and practical importance. To understand why some individuals adapt more effectively than others to culturally different social contexts has become a goal with implications for education, recruitment and...
The aim of this research is to assess the intended level of religious
and political activism and radicalism in a sample of Muslim and Christian
youth living in a marginalised neighbourhood in a southern city in Spain.
Interrelations between activism and radicalism and other psychosocial factors
potentially contributing to religious and political mo...
El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar la intención de 25 activismo y radicalismo político-religioso en una muestra de jóvenes musulmanes y cristianos residentes en un barrio marginal de una ciudad ubicada en el sur de España. Se analizan las interrelaciones entre el activismo y el radicalismo y otras variables psicosociales potencialm...
Objectives: 1) To design a brief questionnaire based on good practices to assess the patient's perspective on safety in the emergency department; 2) to assess the tool's validity and reliability; and 3) to explore preliminary results. Methods: Questionnaire validation study performed between August 2011 and February 2012. The brief patient safety q...
Resumen La radicalización islamista es un proceso psicosocial complejo, poliédrico y sensible influido por numerosos factores que representa una amenaza a la seguridad a corto, medio y largo plazo. Desde un punto de vista del antiterrorismo, hay que partir de una premisa: si prevenimos este problema social, estaremos favoreciendo la cohesión social...
