Hui-min Neoh

• Ph.D.
• Associate Professor and Senior Fellow at National University of Malaysia

Introduction: Since the dawn of the new millennium, Candida species have been increasingly implicated as a cause of both healthcare-associated as well as opportunistic yeast infections, due to the widespread use of indwelling medical devices, total parenteral nutrition, systemic corticosteroids, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and broad-spectrum antibiotic...

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can lead to fatal consequences. AMR genes carriage by phenotypically susceptible bacteria, such as Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL)s in Enterobacteriaceae, have potential implications for AMR spread and therapeutic outcomes. This phenomenon should be investigated. Methods Positive blood cultures from...

Molecular surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), a Malaysian teaching hospital revealed clonal replacement events of SCCmec type III-SCCmercury to SCCmec type IV strains before the year 2017; however, the reasons behind this phenomenon are still unclear. This study ai...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global public health, with the potential to cause millions of deaths annually by 2050. Effective surveillance of AMR pathogens is crucial for monitoring and predicting their behaviour in response to antibiotics. However, many public health professionals lack the necessary bioinformatics s...

cagPAI is an important pathogenic marker contributing to disease severity caused by H. pylori infection, encoding proteins for type four secretion systems (T4SS) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8) induction in infected host. The heterogeneity of cagPAI genes results in different clinical outcomes in H. pylori infection. The aim of this study...

The detection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) markers directly from genomic or metagenomic data is becoming a standard clinical and public health procedure. This has resulted in the development of a number of different bioinformatic AMR prediction tools. Although many may implement similar principles, these tools differ significantly in their sup...

Hospital environmental surfaces are potential reservoirs for transmitting hospital-associated pathogens. This study aimed to profile microbiomes and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from hospital environmental surfaces using 16S rRNA amplicon and metagenomic sequencing at a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. Samples were collected from patie...

The human microbiome has emerged as a key player in maintaining skin health, and dysbiosis has been linked to various skin disorders. Amidst growing concerns regarding the side effects of antibiotic treatments, the potential of live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) in restoring a healthy microbiome has garnered significant attention. This review aims...

The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta lactamase-resistant (ESBL) Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an important global public health challenge. This threat is even more pertinent in clinical settings. Morbidity and mortality associated with this condition are alarming particularly in the developing reg...

Background: Candida tropicalis is a globally distributed yeast that has been popping up in the medical literature lately, albeit for unenviable reasons. C. tropicalis is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality as well as drug resistance. The aims of this study were to ascertain the antifungal susceptibility profile and the biofilm-produci...

Community and hospital-acquired strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continue to pose a threat worldwide. Molecular epidemiological studies conducted worldwide continue to demonstrate shifts in predominantly circulating MRSA clones peculiar to their centres or countries that have the propensity to cause infection in hospita...

Staphylococcus aureus has caused life-threatening infections and developed resistance against conventional antimicrobials, posing a significant threat to human health worldwide. Biofilms that surround the bacteria cells act as a protective layer, allowing cells inside the biofilm to be resistant to external stresses such as antimicrobials. Therefor...

The gut microbiota Parvimonas micra has been found to be enriched in gut mucosal tissues and fecal samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared to non-CRC controls. In this study, we investigated the tumorigenic potential of P. micra and its regulatory pathways in CRC using HT-29, a low-grade CRC intestinal epithelial cell. For every P. mic...

Despite increasing reports of antimicrobial activities of commensal and non-pathogenic bacteria such as Corynebacterium spp., previous studies on bioengineered therapeutics traditionally employed probiotics and food-grade bacteria which limits further advancements into microbial therapeutics research. In this study, Corynebacterium glutamicum, a ge...

Prior to COVID-19, dengue was an important public health problem in Malaysia. Due to the movement control order imposed by the Malaysian government to curb the COVID-19 transmission, a study predicted that mosquito-borne diseases would increase during lockdown and partial lockdown seasons. Thus, this study aims to determine the current situation of...

Prior to COVID-19, dengue was an important public health problem in Malaysia. Due to the movement control order imposed by the Malaysian government to curb the COVID-19 transmission, a study predicted that mosquito-borne diseases would increase during lockdown and partial lockdown seasons. Thus, this study aims to determine the current situation of...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a successful pathogen that has achieved global dissemination, with high prevalence rates in Southeast Asia. A huge diversity of clones has been reported in this region, with MRSA ST239 being the most successful lineage. Nonetheless, description of MRSA genotypes circulating in the Southeast Asia...

Draft genome sequences were obtained for four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from various wards of the Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 2017. Using different bioinformatics tools, we annotated the draft genomes and identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes.

RAST annotation information for MRSA strains M080_2017, M106_2017, M181_2017, and M191_2017. Full list of authors: Mia Yang Ang, Nurul Amirah binti Mohamad Farook, Norhidayah Kamarudin, Su Datt Lam, Sabrina Di Gregorio, Tengku Zetty Maztura Binti Tengku Jamaluddin, Sheila Nathan, Muttaqillah Najihan Abdul Samat, Silvia Argimón, Hui-min Neoh

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed DNA sequencing in terms of speed and data volume, rendering genomics affordable and achievable by individual laboratories rather than big science that was once managed by international consortiums. In parallel, it is propelling contemporary healthcare into the age of precision medicine, whereby genet...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus remains a global problem. The emergence of reduced susceptibility to Vancomycin in MRSA strains, leads to treatment failure and prolonged hospital stay. Therefore, we aimed to determine the strains with reduced susceptibility among MRSA clinical isolates. S. aureus isolates were collected from identified...

Cancer is a global health problem associated with genetics and unhealthy lifestyles. Increasingly, pathogenic infections have also been identified as contributors to human cancer initiation and progression. Most pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) associated with human cancers are categorized as Group I human carcinogens by the Inte...

Early bacterial infection (BI) identification in resource-limiting Emergency Departments (ED) is challenging, especially in low- and middle-income counties (LMIC). Misdiagnosis predisposes to antibiotic overuse and propagates antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluates new emerging biomarkers, secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (sPLA2-IIA) and...

Colon cancer-associated gut bacteria were mostly identified via next-generation sequencing in gut microbiome profiling studies. Anaerobic culture systems can be used to culture colon cells with these gut bacteria to further confirm the tumorigenic properties of these bacteria. Nevertheless, it is unclear how colon cells will grow in an anaerobic en...

Introduction The alteration of the gut microbiome in the gut-kidney axis has been associated with a pro-inflammatory state and chronic kidney disease (CKD). A small-scaled Italian study has shown an association between the gut microbiome and Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (IgAN). However, there is no data on gut microbiota in IgAN in the Asian popula...

Periodical surveillance on nosocomial pathogens is important for antimicrobial stewardship and infection control. The first methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) molecular surveillance in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), a Malaysian teaching hospital, was performed in 2009. The dominant clone was identified as an MRSA carrying S...

Early bacterial infection (BI) identification in resource-limiting Emergency Departments (ED) is challenging especially in low- and middle-income counties (LMIC). Misdiagnosis predisposes to antibiotic overuse and propagates antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluates new emerging biomarkers, secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (sPLA2-IIA), and...

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We profiled the microbiome of gut mucosal tissues from 18 CRC patients and 18 non-CRC controls of the UKM Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The results were then validated using a species-specific quantitative PCR in 40 CRC and 20 non...

Background Helicobacter pylori harbouring cag-pathogenicity island (cagPAI) which encodes type IV secretion system (T4SS) and cagA virulence gene are involved in inflammation of the gastric mucosa. We examined all the 27 cagPAI genes in 88 H. pylori isolates from patients of different ethnicities and examined the association of the intactness of ca...

Bacterial culture and biochemical testing (CBtest) have been the cornerstone of pathogen identification in the diagnostic microbiology laboratory. With the advent of Sanger sequencing and later, next-generation sequencing, 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing (16SNGS) has been proposed to be a plausible platform for this purpose. Nevertheless, usage...

Gut microbiome profiling in colon cancer studies were mainly performed via next-generation sequencing. Following profiling studies, confirmation of tumorigenic properties of the mostly anaerobic gut microbiota through in vitro co-culture system with colon cells has been a challenge. This is because most colon cancer cells are maintained aerobically...

Background: A periodic serosurvey of dengue seroprevalence is vital to determine the prevalence of dengue in countries where this disease is endemic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity among healthy Malaysian adults living in urban and rural areas. Methods: A total of 2598 serum samples (...

Introduction: We report the results of a molecular surveillance study carried out on methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolated in a one-year duration from Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), a tertiary hospital located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Methods: The first strain isolated from each MSSA infection in HCTM during th...

16S rRNA targeted sequencing has been proposed for pathogen identification in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Nevertheless, this technique requires bioinformatics expertise. We investigated the utility of the B.E. Patho, a “plug-and-play” bioinformatics suite developed by Bioeasy Sdn. Bhd., for rapid analysis of 16S targeted sequencing reads...

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Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is considered the "gold standard" for bacteria typing. The method involves enzyme restriction of bacteria DNA, separation of the restricted DNA bands using a pulsed-field electrophoresis chamber, followed by clonal assignment of bacteria based on PFGE banding patterns. Various PFGE protocols have been develop...

Background Fungal microbiota may play important roles in maintaining human gut health but to date, the available data are scarce. The intricate crosstalks between these microbiotas and host possibly via protein secretions may contribute to the pathophysiology of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Therefore, we aim to identify the faecal fungal secretome in p...

Background The human gut is home to trillions of gut flora that thrive in a delicate balance, which has helped maintain the host’s gut homeostasis and mutually benefited both parties tremendously. However, a drastic perturbation of microbial composition has hampered gut homeostasis initiating tumour microenvironment for the development of colorecta...

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacillus that colonises only the mucus layer of the human stomach and is implicated in gastric diseases. Virulent H. pylori harbouring cag-pathogenicity island (cagPAI) which encodes genes for type IV secretion system (T4SS) and CagA protein is one of the major virulence determinants involved in di...

In this study, vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) cells carrying vraS and (or) graR mutations were shown to be more resistant to oxidative stress. Caenorhabditis elegans infected with these strains in turn demonstrated lower survival. Altered regulation in oxidative stress response and virulence appear to be physiological adaptati...

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800176 Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome can contribute to inflammation, and subsequently initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Throughout these stages, various proteins and metabolites are secreted to the external environment by microorganisms or the hosts themselves. In article number 1800176, Putri‐Intan‐Hafiz...

Bakteria Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus aureus rintangan metisilin (MRSA) merupakan satu model organisma untuk mereka yang ingin mengkaji tentang kerintangan antibiotik dalam bakteria gram positif. Ia meruoakan bakteria pertama yang dilaporkan kerintangan terhadap antibiotik pertama di dunia, iaitu penisilin. Buku ini bertujuan untuk mem...

A novel indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for detection of IgM against Nipah virus (NiV) was developed using HeLa 229 cells expressing recombinant NiV nucleocapsid protein (NiV-N). The NiV IFAT was evaluated using three panels of sera: a) experimentally produced sera from NiV-N-immunized/pre-immunized macaques, b) post-infection human sera...

INTRODUCTION: The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used as a biological sensor to detect the urine of sepsis patients (CESDA assay). METHODS: C. elegans was aliquoted onto the center of assay plates and allowed to migrate towards sepsis (T) or control (C) urine samples spotted on the same plate. The number of worms found in either (T) or (C) was...

It is a compilation of information based on latest research evidence to showcase the important of sepsis history, epidemic, pathogenesis, co-morbidities and it diagnosis challenges in the local setting of Malaysia. Chapter 1 reviews the evolution of sepsis and its history, whileits pathogenesis is discussed in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 reports on study...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are gram-positive, coagulase-positive coccoid bacterium of the Firmicutes phylum, which recently identified as one of WHO's "high" priority pathogen for research and development of new antibiotics. MRSAs are usually associated with antibiotic resistance, though virulence and pathogenicity of its cl...

Over the years, genetic profiling of the gut microbiome of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) using genome sequencing has suggested over-representation of several bacterial taxa. However, little is known about the protein or metabolite secretions from the microbiota that could lead to CRC pathology. Proteomic studies on the role of microbial sec...

Dysbiosis of gut microbiome can contribute to inflammation, and subsequently initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Throughout these stages, various proteins and metabolites are secreted to the external environment by microorganisms or the hosts themselves. Studying these proteins may help enhance our understanding of the host‐micro...

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the ability of the qSOFA in predicting short- (≤30 days or in-hospital mortality) and long-term (>30 days) mortality among patients outside the intensive care unit setting. Studies reporting on the qSOFA and mortality were searched using MEDLINE and SCOPUS. Studies were included if they involved pati...

Background The human gut holds the densest microbiome ecosystem essential in maintaining healthy host physiology, whereby disruption of this ecosystem has been linked to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Accordingly, 16S rRNA sequencing studies on CRC gut mucosal tissues have found bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides...

Background A balanced commensal gut microbiome is believed to be important to maintain a healthy digestive system, where disruption of this balance or dysbiosis have been associated with diseases such as metabolic syndromes, neurologic disorders and also cancer. Gut microbiome profiling studies of various populations in the world showed that most p...

Background Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been postulated as the causative event of colorectal cancer (CRC). In recent years, consumption of certain strain of microbes in pursuit of correcting gut dysbiosis has been hyped up by the probiotics industry. However, little is known regarding the contribution of these naturally occurring microbes to...

Background Over the recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in the landscape of understanding colorectal cancer (CRC). Secretomics, a subset of oncoproteomics has emerged as an important tool for CRC biomarker discovery as tumours are known to secrete carcinogenic factors essential for cancer pathogenesis. However, secretomics studies in CRC...

The human gut holds the densest microbiome ecosystem essential in maintaining a healthy host physiology, whereby disruption of this ecosystem has been linked to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies such as the 16S rRNA gene sequencing has enabled characterization of the CRC gut microbiome...

In this study, VISA cells carrying vraS and/or graR mutations were shown to be more resistant to oxidative stress. Caenorhabditis elegans infected with these strains in turn demonstrated lower survival. Altered regulation in oxidative stress response and virulence appears to be physiological adaptations associated with VISA phenotype in the Mu50 li...

The human gut is home to complex microbial populations that change dynamically in response to various internal and external stimuli. The gut microbiota provides numerous functional benefits that are crucial for human health but in the setting of a disturbed equilibrium, the microbial community can cause deleterious outcomes such as diseases and can...

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition which could be alleviated by rapid diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic administration. However, currently available laboratory tests for sepsis diagnosis lacks sensitivity and specificity; they also have long turn-around times. In this proof-of-concept study, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used as a...

Studies of multigenerational Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to long-term spaceflight have revealed expression changes of genes involved in longevity, DNA repair, and locomotion. However, results from spaceflight experiments are difficult to reproduce as space missions are costly and opportunities are rather limited for researchers. In addition, mul...

An antibacterial chitosan-cellulose composite membrane containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was fabricated by coagulating a cellulose solution in a chitosan solution, followed by the in situ synthesis of AgNPs on the produced membrane. By adjusting the concentration of chitosan (0 – 2.5 %, w/v) in acetic acid coagulating solution, various cellul...

Aims: VraSR and GraSR were shown to be important in conferring intermediate vancomycin resistance in VISA. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism modulated by these systems leading to the development of VISA remains unclear. We employed a proteomic approach to determine the VraS and GraR regulons and subsequently derive the possible vancomycin resistanc...

The annual prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Malaysia has been estimated to be at 30-40% of all S. aureus infections. Nevertheless, data on the antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of Malaysian MRSAs remain few. In 2009, we collected 318 MRSA strains from various wards of our teaching hospital located in...

Incorporation of silver nanomaterial into polymer matrix can further accomplished their potential usage in real life applications. In our previous study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver-graphene oxide nanocomposites (AgGO) were prepared via a rapid microwave-assisted method. Hereby, the as-synthesized AgNPs or AgGO was dispersed in a chitos...

Comparative proteomic profiling between 2 vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) strains, Mu50Ω-vraSm and Mu50Ω-vraSm-graRm, and vancomycin-susceptible S.aureus (VSSA) strain Mu50Ω revealed upregulated levels of catabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferase (ArcB) of the arginine catabolism pathway in VISA strains. Subsequent analyses show...

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of a wide range of severe clinical infections. The range of diseases reflects the diversity of virulence factors produced by this pathogen. To establish an infection in the host, S. aureus expresses an inclusive set of virulence factors such as toxins, enzymes, adhesins, and o...

Human gut is the home to complex microbial populations that change dynamically in response to various internal and external stimuli. The gut microbiota provides numerous functional benefits that are crucial for human health but could also be deleterious in a disturbed equilibrium such as in cancers and other diseases. Microbes in the human gut secr...

Understanding patterns of gut microbiome diversity and their composition is necessary to assess its association with ulcerative colitis (UC). To determine the composition of these communities, brush and biopsy sampling have been used for microbiota sampling from gut tissues. Nevertheless, data regarding the superiority of one technique over the oth...

Distinguishing Bacterial and Non-Bacterial Sepsis by Using Secretory Phospholipase A2 Group IIA Level and C - Reactive Protein in Emergency Department – A Prospective Study Tan Toh Leong1, Ida Zarina1, Neoh Hui-min2, Nidzwani Mahdi1, Fadzlon Yatim1, Dian Nasriana 3, Azlin Ithnin3, Ramliza Ramli4 1Department of Emergency Medicine, 2UKM Medical Mol...

A pilot study for the use of secretory phospholipase A2 Group IIA and CD64 in distinguishing bacterial infections and sepsis in adult who presented in Emergency Department of a teaching hospital TL TAN1, DN Nasuruddin2, A Ithnin2, H Neoh3* 1 Department of Emergency Medicine,2 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Mal...

High prevalence of agr group I in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from UKM Medical Centre – a pilot study X Tan1*, T K.Mathialagan2, R Raja Abd Rahman1, A Hayati3, H Sapri3, N Sani3, TL Tan4, H Neoh1, S Hussin3, R Jamal1 1 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia...

Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) has been used to characterise methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates into sequence types (STs) and together with SCCmec typing, form the clonal nomenclature for MRSA. MLST was conducted as per the standard protocol on ten out of 236 isolates collected previously from January to December 2009 re...

A hybrid nanocomposite cellulose membrane containing graphene oxide and silver nanoparticles was produced via a two step synthesis method. First, regenerated cellulose membranes containing different percentages of graphene oxide (GO) were produced by coagulating the mixture in an acid coagulating bath. Afterward, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were i...

SERUM LACTATE AS A BIOMARKER FOR RISK STRATIFICATION OF SEPSIS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL Tan TLa, Neoh HMb, Nurul Saadah Ac aDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur...

Purpose: Malaysia a dengue endemic country with dengue infections in pregnancy on the rise. The present study was aimed at determining dengue seroprevalence (IgG or IgM) during pregnancy and its neonatal transmission in dengue seropositive women. Methods: Maternal with paired cord blood samples were tested for dengue antibodies (IgG and IgM) usi...

Regenerated nanocomposite cellulose membranes embedded with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and AgNP-graphene oxide (AgGO) were prepared in this study. The as-synthesized AgNP and AgGO were added respectively to a cellulose solution that was prepared by dissolving cellulose in a precooled NaOH/urea (NU) solvent. The solution mixtures were further regen...

Background Staphylococcus epidermidis is a pathogen associated with nosocomial infections whose medical importance has increased due to progressively invasive medical procedures. In this study, we characterized the molecular epidemiology of S. epidermidis strains circulating in our university hospital situated in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Findings A...

Background: In Malaysia, data from the Malaysian Health Ministry showed colorectal cancer (CRC) to be the second most common type of cancer in 2007-2009, after breast cancer. The same was apparent after looking at males and females cases separately. In the present study, the Geographic Information System (GIS) was employed to describe the distribu...

Acquisition of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has been associated with loss of pathogenic fitness and also virulence potential, where this phenomenon has been observed in specific clinical and laboratory S. aureus strains [1–4]. Interestingly, this phenomenon of “inverse relationship between antibiotic resistance and virulence” was...

Background: In a previous study carried out to characterize virulence genes of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolated from our medical centre, MSSA were frequently found to carry more diverse virulence genes than MRSA. In this study, we measured the expressions of 4 virulence genes and determined if they...

To genotypically characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from medical and surgical wards in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) in 2009. MRSA strains were collected and molecularly typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE typing on 180 MRSA isolated in UKMMC identified 5 pulso...

Background In 1998, Malaysia experienced its first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak in the suburban areas followed by another two in 2006 (rural areas) and 2008 (urban areas), respectively. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of documented data regarding the magnitude of CHIKV exposure in the Malaysian population. The aim of this study was to det...

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of four nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (PPUKM-261-2009, PPUKM-332-2009, PPUKM-377-2009, and PPUKM-775-2009) isolated from a university teaching hospital in Malaysia. Three of the strains belong to sequence type 239 (ST239), which has been associated with sustained hospital e...

Background Clonal relatedness of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pulsotypes with toxin and agr genotypes has been observed in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We molecularly typed methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolated from our hospital to determine if the same observation could be found in the more genetically...

Silver nanoparticles and silver-graphene oxide nanocomposites were fabricated using a rapid and green microwave irradiation synthesis method. Silver nanoparticles with narrow size distribution were formed under microwave irradiation for both samples. The silver nanoparticles were distributed randomly on the surface of graphene oxide. The Fourier tr...