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Introduction
Skills and Expertise
Publications
Publications (232)
Background/Objective
Offspring’s optimal neurodevelopment depends on maternal dietary lipids supply during the perinatal period. Dairy products are an important source of fat in Western diets. This study aimed at examining the associations between maternal dairy fat intake during pregnancy, evaluated through biomarkers in perinatal biofluids (C15:0...
Importance
Mental disorders among the pediatric population are a major area of public health concern. Little is known regarding changes in pediatric hospital resource use related to mental health (MH) long after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020.
Objective
To assess rates and trends of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED)...
Girls tend to outperform boys in language development and literacy, but the reasons behind this remain unclear, particularly whether the family environment plays a role. This study examines gender differences in parental linguistic engagement and its effect on language outcomes. Using data from the French birth cohort Elfe (about 12,000 for early o...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition and understanding the changes in autism symptoms over time is crucial for tailoring support and interventions. This study therefore aimed to investigate the changes in symptom severity in a large cohort of children with ASD over a three‐year follow‐up period and identify fact...
We studied the effect of the number and characteristics of siblings (sex, age) on school achievement in several grades (kindergarten, first grade, and fifth grade), in two large French cohorts, with more than 16,000 children. Running linear mixed-effects models, we find that, independently of socioeconomic status, having more siblings is negatively...
Background
Relatives of ADHD probands are known to be at increased risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, suggesting shared genetic factors. In this study, we aim to identify shared common risk variants (i.e., Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms, SNPs) between ADHD and schizophrenia, and between ADHD and bipolar disorder.
Methods
With the summary...
Sensory features, executive and attentional impairments are frequently reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, little is known about their complex relationships. In this study, we aim to examine the executive and attentional difficulties related to distinct sensory profiles. We identified sensory profiles with a Laten...
Background/Objective
Offspring s optimal neurodevelopment depends on maternal dietary lipids supply during the perinatal period. Dairy products are an important source of fat in Western diets. This study aimed at examining the associations between maternal dairy fat intake during pregnancy, evaluated through biomarkers in perinatal biofluids (C15:0...
The present longitudinal study investigated the hypothesis that early musical skills (as measured by melodic and rhythmic perception and memory) predict later literacy development via a mediating effect of phonology. We examined 130 French‐speaking children, 31 of whom with a familial risk for developmental dyslexia (DD). Their abilities in the thr...
We tested how 5 simple variables, routinely collected in primary care (i.e., the 3 AUDIT-C items, age, and sex), could constitute a clinician-friendly risk calculator tool of the 3-year risk of several alcohol-related adverse outcomes (i.e., alcohol use disorder, withdrawal symptoms, occurrence of tremors or seizures, and alcohol related interperso...
Importance
Numerous studies have provided evidence for the negative associations of the COVID-19 pandemic with mental health, but data on the use of psychotropic medication in children and adolescents after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic are lacking.
Objective
To assess the rates and trends of psychotropic medication prescribing before and ove...
There is growing evidence that in utero imbalance immune activity plays a role in the development of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in children. Mood dysregulation (MD) is a debilitating transnosographic syndrome whose underlying pathophysiological mechanisms could be revealed by studying its biomarkers using the Research Domain Crite...
This study investigates the impact of gender socialization on early mathematics gender gaps, focusing on children's gendered activities and parental roles. Analyzing data from over 4,000 children (50% girls), we observe that less traditionally organized households correlate with higher preschool academic achievement, irrespective of income or paren...
Purpose:
To assess the Consultation And Relational Empathy (CARE) measure as a tool for examiners to assess medical students' empathy during Objective and Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs), as the best tool for assessing empathy during OSCEs remains unknown.
Methods:
We first assessed the psychometric properties of the CARE measure, compl...
Maternal immune activation (MIA), related to autoimmune/inflammatory diseases or acute infections, during the two first trimesters of pregnancy is a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in offspring. In mice, MIA has a long-term impact on offspring’s immune equilibrium resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype. We therefore hypothesized...
The two most frequent early-onset restrictive food intake disorders are early-onset anorexia nervosa (EOAN) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorders (ARFID). Although the core symptoms of EOAN (i.e., fear of gaining weight and disturbed body image) are not present in ARFID, these symptoms are difficult to assess during the initial phase of ho...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterised by deficits in social communication and interaction and repetitive behaviours. Maternal immune activation (MIA) during the mid-pregnancy is a known risk factor for ASD. Although reported in 15% of affected individuals, little is known about the specificity of their clini...
Mental conditions exhibit a higher-order transdiagnostic factor structure which helps to explain the widespread comorbidity observed in psychopathology. However, the phenotypic and genetic structures of psychopathology may differ, raising questions about the validity and utility of these factors. Here, we study the phenotypic and genetic factor str...
Background
The associations of screen use with children's cognition are not well evidenced and recent, large, longitudinal studies are needed. We aimed to assess the associations between screen use and cognitive development in the French nationwide birth cohort.
Methods
Time and context of screen use were reported by parents at ages 2, 3.5 and 5.5...
Background:
Combined effect of both prenatal and early postnatal exposure to ambient air pollution on child cognition has rarely been investigated and sensitive periods of sensitivity are unknown. This study explores the temporal relationship between pre- and postnatal exposure to PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and child cognitive function.
Methods:
Using val...
The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential linkages between intelligence and psychopathology across the full IQ range, while considering both absolute IQ scores and discrepancies between them. We drew data from the EDEN mother-child birth cohort, gathered at two time points: 5.5 and 11.5 years of age. We exa...
Objective:
Early-onset anorexia nervosa (EO-AN) is characterized by restricted food intake leading to low body weight, emerging before 14 years old. Most patients reaching a target body mass index (BMI) around the 25th percentile at hospitalization discharge display an incomplete prospective height catch-up. A better understanding of height progno...
Background
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by deficits in social communication or interaction and repetitive behaviours. Maternal immune activation (MIA) during the mid-pregnancy is a known risk factor for ASD. Although reported in 15% of affected individuals, little is known about the specificity of t...
We studied the effect of the number and characteristics of siblings (sex and age), on school achievement in numeracy and literacy from kindergarten to 5th grade, in two large French cohorts (the Elfe cohort, more than 4,400 children, and the DEPP panel, more than 9,500 children). Running linear mixed effects models, we find that, independently of s...
Background
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by deficits in social communication or interaction and repetitive behaviours. Maternal immune activation (MIA) during the mid-pregnancy is a known risk factor for ASD. Although reported in 15% of affected individuals, little is known about the specificity of t...
Prenatal immune-mediated events are known risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring (NDD). Although the brain continues to develop for years after birth and many postnatal factors alter the regular trajectory of neurodevelopment, little is known about the impact of postnatal immune factors. To fill this gap we set up ARTEMIS, a...
Although genetic and environmental factors influence general intelligence (g-factor), few studies examined the neuroanatomical measures mediating environmental and genetic effects on intelligence. Here, we investigate the brain volumes, cortical mean thicknesses, and cortical surface areas mediating the effects of the g-factor polygenic score (gPGS...
IntroductionWhile antipsychotic-induced weight gain has been widely described in adults, it has yet to be better characterized in children and adolescents.Objective
The aim of this study was to assess antipsychotic-induced weight-gain reporting in children and adolescents as compared to adults, and according to the type of antipsychotic.Methods
The...
Background
Studies reporting that highly intelligent individuals have more mental health disorders often have sampling bias, no or inadequate control groups, or insufficient sample size. We addressed these caveats by examining the difference in the prevalence of mental health disorders between individuals with high and average general intelligence...
UK Biobank participants do not have a high-quality measure of intelligence or polygenic scores (PGSs) of intelligence to simultaneously examine the genetic and neural underpinnings of intelligence. We created a standardized measure of general intelligence (g factor) relative to the UK population and estimated its quality. After running a GWAS of g...
Aims
Gene x environment (G×E) interactions, i.e. genetic modulation of the sensitivity to environmental factors and/or environmental control of the gene expression, have not been reliably established regarding aetiology of psychotic disorders. Moreover, recent studies have shown associations between the polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (PRS-...
Rationale. The two most frequent early-onset restrictive food intake disorders are early-onset anorexia nervosa (EOAN) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorders (ARFID). Although the core symptoms of EOAN(i.e., fear of gaining weight and disturbed body image) are not present in ARFID, these symptoms are difficult to assess during the initial p...
Although genetic and environmental factors influence general intelligence (g-factor), few studies examined the neuroanatomical measures mediating environmental and genetic effects on intelligence. Therefore, we investigate the brain volumes, cortical mean thicknesses, and cortical surface areas mediating the effects of the g-factor polygenic score...
A converging body of evidence from neuroimaging, behavioral and neuropsychology studies suggests that different arithmetic operations rely on distinct neuro-cognitive processes: while addition and subtraction may rely more on visuospatial reasoning, multiplication would depend more on verbal abilities. In this paper, we tested this hypothesis in a...
Reading disabilities have a profound impact on the academic performance and achievement of children. Although oculomotor pattern abnormalities during reading in children with dyslexia are well known, those in individuals with attention deficit and hyperactive disorders (ADHD) — who also frequently exhibit a reading impairment — remain largely undet...
Objective
Prior studies support that younger age of onset would be associated with poorer psychiatric and mental health outcomes for many psychiatric disorders. However, such relationship has never been examined for social anxiety disorder (SAD) in a nationally representative sample.
Methods
Using data from the second Wave of the National Epidemio...
Objective
Studies reporting that highly intelligent individuals have more mental health disorders often have sampling bias, no or inadequate control group, or insufficient sample size. We addressed these caveats by examining the difference in the prevalence of mental health disorders between individuals with high and average general intelligence (g...
The objective of this study was to examine the evolution of suicides and suicide attempts over the last 10 years in France. We analyzed the number of deaths by suicide and suicide attempts in metropolitan France (2009–2018) from French national databases, on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. Seasonal variation in suicide rates was modeled using a c...
Our aim was to create a standardized measure of general intelligence (g) relative to the UK population for UK Biobank participants and derive a g factor polygenic score for UK Biobank participants with neuroimaging data.We first created standardized cognitive test scores that were relative to the UK population based on the participants’ age, sex, a...
Using data from 12,296 children (49.3% female) from the French ELFE birth cohort, we analyzed the effect of various characteristics of the siblings on children’s expressive vocabulary. Children’s vocabulary at age 2 years was negatively associated with the number of older siblings (-.08 SD per additional sibling), and this effect was partly mediate...
The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential linkages between intelligence and psychopathology across the full IQ range, while considering both absolute IQ scores and discrepancies between them. We drew data from the EDEN mother-child birth cohort, gathered at two time points: 5.5 and 11.5 years of age. We exa...
Abstract Epidemiological studies have raised concerns about the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in children of patients with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (AID). The pathophysiological pathways underlying this association are still unknown and little is known about the specific and distinct risk of each AID. To explore these quest...
Studies examining cerebral asymmetries typically divide the L-R Measure (e.g., Left–Right Volume) by the L+R Measure to obtain an Asymmetry Index (AI). However, contrary to widespread belief, such a division fails to render the AI independent from the L+R Measure and/or from total brain size. As a result, variations in brain size may bias correlati...
Background: Maternal immune activation (MIA) during the two first trimesters of pregnancy could be a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in offspring. In mice, MIA has a long-term impact on offspring’s immune equilibrium resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
Methods: We therefore hypothesized that children with ASD and a history of...
Background: Maternal immune activation (MIA), related to autoimmune/inflammatory diseases or acute infections, during the two first trimesters of pregnancy is a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in offspring. In mice, MIA has a long-term impact on offspring’s immune equilibrium resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
Methods: We th...
Studies examining cerebral asymmetries typically divide the L-R Measure (e.g., Left– Right Volume) by the L+R Measure to obtain an Asymmetry Index (AI). However, contrary to widespread belief, such a division fails to render the AI independent from the L+R Measure and/or from total brain size. As a result, variations in brain size may bias correlat...
We aimed to examine the association between religious beliefs and observance and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, psychotic symptoms and history of suicide attempts in the French general population. The cross-sectional survey interviewed 38,694 subjects between 1999 and 2003, using the MINI. Current religious beliefs and observance were ide...
Introduction
It remains unclear whether specific clinical factors contribute to heterogeneity in the timing of the onset of major depression.
Methods
Using a nationally representative US adult sample, the second wave of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, we compared the characteristics of 5 different groups of pat...
The present study performed a systematic comparison of DSM-5 and ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for reading disability. We quantitatively investigated the consequences of using DSM-5 or ICD-11, and of the different ways of implementing each diagnostic criterion on the prevalence of reading disability. We did so in a representative sample of the populat...
Note Ce travail a bénéficié du soutien du Programme d'Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-17-EURE-0017 and ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL). Les données sont issues du « Panel d'élèves du second degré Résumé La présente étude effectue une comparaison systématique entre DSM-5 et CIM-11 des critères diagnostiques du trouble de la lecture, dans une population repré...
Abstract Background Many initiatives have emerged worldwide to handle the surge of hospitalizations during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In France, the University of Paris North called on its medical students, whose status makes them integral members of the healthcare staff, to volunteer in their capacity of medical students and/or as nurses/nursing aid...
Abstract Background Immune system dysfunction has been proposed to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Conflicting reports of lymphocyte subpopulation abnormalities have been described in numerous studies of patients with ASD. To better define lymphocytes abnormalities in ASD, we performed a meta-analysis...
Background
Fever during pregnancy is a relatively common and most often trivial event. However, under specific conditions, it could affect significantly fetal brain development. Few studies, with inconsistent results, investigated whether fever, regardless the pathogen, could represent a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in the off...
Spaced retrieval practice consists of repetitions of the same retrieBjorkval event distributed through time. This learning strategy combines two “desirable difficulties”: retrieval practice and spacing effects. We carried out meta-analyses on 29 studies investigating the benefit of spacing out retrieval practice episodes on final retention. The tot...
In their comprehensive review of sex differences in the brain, Eliot et al. (2021) conclude that (1) men and women significantly differ in global brain size, but this “mostly parallels the divergence of male/female body size during development” and that (2) “once we account for individual differences in brain size, there is almost no difference in...
Purpose
Given the importance of spatial representation and navigation in the natural environment and the presence of sensory motor integration impairment in dyslexic children the aim of this study was to explore the capability in spatial orientation task in dyslexic children.
Materials and methods
We included forty children: 26 dyslexic children (...
Few neuroimaging studies are sufficiently large to adequately describe population-wide variations. This study's primary aim was to generate neuroanatomical norms and individual markers that consider age, sex, and brain size, from 629 cerebral measures in the UK Biobank (N = 40,028). The secondary aim was to examine the effects and interactions of s...
Background
Despite the limited evidence, accelerated early postnatal growth (EPG) is commonly believed to benefit neurodevelopment for term-born infants, especially those small for gestational age.
Objectives
To investigate the existence of critical time windows in the association of EPG with neurodevelopment, considering birth size groups.
Study...
Background
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are two highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders. Several lines of evidence point towards the presence of shared genetic factors underlying ASD and ADHD. We conducted genomic analyses of common risk variants (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs...
