Hudson Golino

University of Virginia | UVa · Department of Psychology

In this article, existing research investigating how school performance relates to cognitive, self-awareness, language, and personality processes is reviewed. We outline the architecture of the mind, involving a general factor, g, that underlies distinct mental processes (i.e., executive, reasoning, language, cognizance, and personality processes)....

In this article, existing research investigating how school performance relates to cognitive, self-awareness, language, and personality processes is reviewed. We outline the architecture of the mind, involving a general factor, g, that underlies distinct mental processes (i.e., executive, reasoning, language, cognizance, and personality processes)....

In the last half of the 20th century, psychology and neuroscience have experienced a renewed interest in intraindividual variation. To date, there are few quantitative methods to evaluate whether a population structure (between-person) is likely to hold for individual people. We present a network information theoretic approach to evaluate the exten...

Establishing measurement invariance (MI) is vital when using any psychological measurement to ensure applicability and comparability across groups or time points. If MI is violated, differences found by comparing groups could be due to measurement disparity rather than true differences in the latent variable (Chen, 2007). Multi-group confirmatory f...

Response biases related to wording effects, the inconsistent responding to regular and reversed self-report items, are pervasive in the behavioral and health sciences. Although several factor modeling strategies have been proposed to mitigate their adverse effects, there is limited simulation research assessing their performance with exploratory st...

This study proposes a procedure for substantive dimensionality estimation in the presence of wording effects, the inconsistent response to regular and reversed self-report items. Although extensive empirical research had shown that wording effects negatively impact latent dimensionality estimates, there was scarce systematic research assessing the...

The accuracy of factor retention methods for structures with one or more general factors, typically encountered in fields like intelligence, personality, and psychopathology, has often been overlooked in dimensionality research. To address this issue, we compared the performance of several factor retention methods in this context, including a new,...

The Inductive Reasoning Developmental Test [Teste de Desenvolvimento do Raciocínio Indutivo – TDRI] measures seven stages of this ability. Although the TDRI presents evidence of internal and external validity, its abstract stages show some problems that produce a false-positive and false-negative classification of people on these stages. A new vers...

Background The neuropeptide oxytocin regulates mammalian social behavior. Disruptions in oxytocin signaling are a feature of many psychopathologies. One commonly studied biomarker for oxytocin involvement in psychiatric diseases is DNA methylation at the oxytocin receptor gene ( OXTR ). Such studies focus on DNA methylation in two regions of OXTR ,...

The past few years were marked by increased online offensive strategies perpetrated by state and non-state actors to promote their political agenda, sow discord, and question the legitimacy of democratic institutions in the US and Western Europe. In 2016, the US congress identified a list of Russian state-sponsored Twitter accounts that were used t...

O Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) possui um modelo de medida restrito, caracterizado pelo postulado de que os itens marcadores de cada domínio se vinculam exclusivamente ao seus domínios-alvo. Estudos pregressos sugerem, por meio de evidências indiretas, que esse modelo não seria válido. No entanto, esse postulado ainda não foi diretamente av...

This study explored the relations between executive function (several aspects of attention control and working memory), cognizance (awareness of mental processes, theory of mind, language, and memory demand of linguistic structures), and inductive reasoning. Five- to 12-years-old children (N = 197), drawn from each year of age at the numbers requir...

Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) has emerged as a popular approach for estimating the dimensionality of multivariate data using psychometric networks. Sampling variability, however, has made reproducibility and generalizability a key issue in network psychometrics. To address this issue, we have developed a novel bootstrap approach called Bootstrap...

This paper focuses on general intelligence, g. We first point to broadly accepted facts about g: it is robust, reliable, and sensitive to learning. We then summarize conflicting theories about its nature and development (Mutualism, Process Overlap Theory, and Dynamic Mental Field Theory) and suggest how future research may resolve their disputes. A...

This paper focuses on general intelligence, g. We first point to broadly accepted facts about g: it is robust, reliable, and sensitive to learning. We then summarize conflicting theories about its nature and development (Mutualism, Process Overlap Theory, and Dynamic Mental Field Theory) and suggest how future research may resolve their disputes. A...

*Exploratory graph analysis* (EGA) is used to estimate the structural organization of variables, uncovering latent dimensions as clusters of nodes. EGA first estimates a weighted network then uses the Walktrap algorithm to detect clusters of nodes. The Walktrap algorithm uses random walks to estimate the topography of a graph. The number of random...

The current paper investigates the structural validity of the Children's Concentration and Empathy Scale (CCES), which was designed based on Montessori's developmental theory to assess, using teacher ratings, the coherence of attention-related characteristics (concentration, empathy, and normalization) in children from 1.5 to 12 years old. The dime...

This study aimed to identify the properties of the job satisfaction scale most used in Brazilian samples in terms of its structure, convergent validity and measure invariance. The study involved 733 workers (46% women) from the industrial and tertiary sectors of two Brazilian states. In addition to the original model of five correlated factors, thr...

In the 1930s, a group of scientists argued that the empirical concatenation of observable elements was not possible in the human and social sciences and was, thus, not feasible to obtain objective measurements similar to those found in physics. To address this issue, mathematical theories that do not require concatenation were proposed in the 1960s...

Jones, Ma, and McNally (2019) introduce a novel network measure called bridge centrality, which aims to quantify psychopathological symptoms that may contribute to comorbidity. Centrality measures in psychometric networks have come under scrutiny recently with several researchers arguing for more explicit interpretations of what they purport to mea...

This paper reports the results from a 3-year follow-up study to measure the long-term efficacy of a cognitive training for healthy older adults and investigates the effects of booster sessions using an entropy-based metric. Design: semi-randomized quasi-experimental controlled design. Participants: 50 older adults, (M = 73.3, SD = 7.77) assigne...

One common approach for constructing tests that measure a single attribute is the semantic similarity approach where items vary slightly in their wording and content. Despite being an effective strategy for ensuring high internal consistency, the information in tests may become redundant or worse confound the interpretation of the test scores. With...

The current paper compared the empirical structure of 280 variables from the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (N = 16,327) estimated using exploratory graph analysis with a theoretical structure based on 20 broad domains of intrinsic capacity, functional ability and environment, identified in the International Classification of Function...

Recent research has demonstrated that the network measure node strength or sum of a node's connections is roughly equivalent to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) loadings. A key finding of this research is that node strength represents a combination of different latent causes. In the present research, we sought to circumvent this issue by formulat...

Emotion serves an important role in spreading (dis)information online. Although there is extensive research on how the Russian Twitter accounts that purposely spread disinformation ("trolls") behaved during the 2016 U.S. election, the use of emotion by these accounts is less well understood. In this paper, we introduce a new method of analyzing emo...

O Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) gera uma pontuação para cada domínio que avalia: matemática, linguagens, ciências da natureza e ciências humanas. Reconhecendo a relevância do Exame no acesso ao ensino superior e em outros aspectos da vida prática do estudante brasileiro, o presente estudo investiga a fidedignidade dos escores do ENEM nos se...

Estimating the number of factors in multivariate data is at the crux of psychological measurement. Factor analysis has a long tradition in the field but it’s been challenged recently by exploratory graph analysis (EGA), an approach based on network psychometrics. EGA first estimates a regularized partial correlation network using the graphical leas...

The nature of associations between variables is important for constructing theory about psychologicalphenomena. In the last decade, this topic has received renewed interested with the introduction ofpsychometric network models. In psychology, these models are often contrasted with latent variable(e.g., factor) models. Recent research has shown that...

The accurate identification of the content and number of latent factors underlying multivari-ate data is an important endeavor in many areas of Psychology and related fields. Recently, a new dimensionality assessment technique based on network psychometrics was proposed (Exploratory Graph Analysis, EGA), but a measure to check the fit of the dimens...

This paper reports the results from a three-years follow-up study to access the long-term efficacy of a cognitive training for healthy older adults and investigates the effects of booster sessions on the cognitive performance of the participants using an innovative analytical approach from information theory. Design: semi-randomized quasi-experimen...

Recent research has demonstrated that the network measure node strength or sum of a node’s connections is roughly equivalent to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) loadings. A key finding of this research is that node strength represents a combination of different latent causes. In the present research, we sought to circumvent this issue by formulat...

The accurate identification of the content and number of latent factors underlying multivariate data is an important endeavor in many areas of Psychology and related fields. Recently, a new dimensionality assessment technique based on network psychometrics was proposed (Exploratory Graph Analysis, EGA), but a measure to check the fit of the dimensi...

About one-third of autistic people have limited ability to use speech. Some have learned to communicate by pointing to letters of the alphabet. But this method is controversial because it requires the assistance of another person—someone who holds a letterboard in front of users and so could theoretically cue them to point to particular letters. In...

Supplementary R code associated with computing network scores as described in the preprint: Statistical Equivalency of Factor and Network Loadings

The past few years were marked by increased online offensive strategies perpetrated by state and non-state actors to promote their political agenda, sow discord and question the legitimacy of democratic institutions in the US and Western Europe. In 2016 the US congress identified a list of Russian state-sponsored Twitter accounts that were used to...

This article reviews the causal implications of latent variable and psychometric network models for the validation of personality trait questionnaires. These models imply different data generating mechanisms that have important consequences for the validity and validation of questionnaires. From this review, we formalize a framework for assessing t...

Exploratory graph analysis (EGA) is a new technique that was recently proposed within the framework of network psychometrics to estimate the number of factors underlying multivariate data. Unlike other methods, EGA produces a visual guide-network plot-that not only indicates the number of dimensions to retain, but also which items cluster together...

Exploratory graph analysis (EGA) is a new technique that was recently proposed within the framework of network psychometrics to estimate the number of factors underlying multivariate data. Unlike other methods, EGA produces a visual guide––network plot––that not only indicates the number of dimensions to retain, but also which items cluster togethe...

This article reviews the causal implications of latent variable and psychometric network models for the validation of personality trait questionnaires. These models imply different data generating mechanisms that have important consequences for the validity and validation of questionnaires. From this review, we formalize a framework for assessing t...

New measurement of students’ learning and teaching concepts is essential for creating constructive alignment in teaching and support formative assessment to promote epistemic development. The Epistemological Development in Teaching Learning Questionnaire (EDTLQ) was developed to meet these needs. In the present study, the factor structure of EDTLQ...

Exploratory graph analysis (EGA) is a recent addition to the growing field of network psychometrics. EGA has emerged as a popular approach for estimating the dimensonality of data in networks. The appeal of EGA is the visualization of the relations between variables and the deterministic allocation of variables into dimensions. Notably, networks te...

Teste que mensura estágios de desenvolvimento do raciocínio indutivo

O Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) é composto por quatro domínios: Ciências da Natureza, Ciências Humanas, Linguagens e Matemática. O presente estudo busca avaliar a fidedignidade dos escores de cada domínio por meio das seguintes estratégias combinadas: emprego da análise fatorial de itens em duas vertentes, sendo elas a análise fatorial conf...

This is a post-peer review and pre-copy edit print of the article accepted for publication by Schizophrenia Research. The publisher's copy is available through the journal (doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.018). The present study examined the dimensional structure underlying the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale (MSS) and its brief ve...

Three are the main postulates of our article under discussion: First, both human intelligence and personality are hierarchically organized, with a general factor at the apex of each hierarchy, i. [...]

We present three studies which investigated the relations between cognition and personality from 7 to 20 years of age. All three studies showed that general cognitive ability and the general factor of personality are significantly related throughout this age span. This relation was expressed in several ways across studies. The first investigated de...

We present three studies which investigated the relations between cognition and personality from 7 to 20 years of age. All three studies showed that general cognitive ability and the general factor of personality are significantly related throughout this age span. This relation was expressed in several ways across studies. The first investigated de...

During the present decade a large body of research has employed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to evaluate the factor structure of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) across multiple languages and cultures. However, because CFA can produce strongly biased estimations when the population cross-loadings differ meaningfully from zer...

The present study examined the dimensional structure underlying the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale (MSS) and its brief version (MSS-B). The MSS and MSS-B were developed to assess current multidimensional conceptualizations of schizotypy. We used Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) to evaluate the dimensional structure of the scales in two large, in...

Background: Occupational therapists need to know about people’s beliefs about personal responsibility for health to help them pursue everyday activities. Aim: The study aims to employ state-of-the-art quantitative approaches to understand people’s views of health and responsibility at different ages. Methods: A mixed method approach was adopted, us...

We present three studies which investigated the relations between cognition and personality from 7 to 20 years of age. All three studies showed that general cognitive ability and the general factor of personality are significantly related throughout this age span. This relation was expressed in several ways across studies. The first investigated de...

We present three studies which investigated the relations between cognition and personality from 7 to 20 years of age. The first investigated developmental relations between three reasoning domains (inductive, deductive, and scientific) and Eysenck’s four personality dimensions in a design where 260 9-14-year-olds received the cognitive tests 3 and...

We present three studies which investigated the relations between cognition and personality from 7 to 20 years of age. The first investigated developmental relations between three reasoning domains (inductive, deductive, and scientific) and Eysenck’s four personality dimensions in a design where 260 9-14-year-olds received the cognitive tests 3 and...

Studies on exclusively female variables are rare in national literature. The present study aimed at a preliminary validation of the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PmSS). The instrument was elaborated based on proposals from nursing and nutrition specialists and was reviewed by judges who evaluated the proposed items and factors. Subsequently, the ins...

The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate effects of cognitive training on healthy older adults and verify the transfer effects of targeted and non-targeted abilities. The design consisted of a semi-randomized clinical controlled trial. The final sample was composed of 80 volunteers recruited from a Brazilian community (mean age = 69...

The present article reports the results of two validity studies conducted in a cognitive training session for the elderly. The theoretical model adopted for the intervention predicted the stimulation of five cognitive abilities. A content validity study was conducted through a panel of judges including 16 experts in the field. The results pointed t...

The estimation of the correct number of dimensions is a long-standing problem in psychometrics. Several methods have been proposed, such as parallel analysis (PA), Kaiser-Guttman’s eigenvalue-greater-than-one rule, multiple average partial procedure (MAP), the maximum-likelihood approaches that use fit indexes as BIC and EBIC and the less used and...

O presente artigo conduziu uma revisão da literatura nacional sobre treino de memória para idosos com objetivo de verificar os aspectos metodológicos dos estudos e a eficácia das intervenções. Foram pesquisados artigos publicados entre janeiro de 2000 e abril de 2016, utilizando-se os seguintes termos (em português e inglês): treino de memória, env...

Integration/differentiation of mental processes is major mechanism of development. Developmental theories ascribe intellectual development to it. In psychometric theory, Spearman’s law of diminishing returns postulates that increasing g allows increasing differentiation of cognitive abilities, because increased mental power allows variable investme...

Qualitative research supports a developmental dimension in views on teaching and learning, but there are currently no quantitative tools to measure the full range of this development. To address this, we developed the Epistemological Development in Teaching and Learning Questionnaire (EDTLQ). In the current study the psychometric properties of the...

Romantic jealousy relates to a series of reactions when facing the threat of loss of a romantic partner to a possible rival. This study aimed to review the items of the Romantic Jealousy Inventory (ICR), in order to improve the their understandability and test its functioning in a sample from Bahia. It sought to verify internal validity evidences v...

Neste estudo, foram elaborados e comparados dois modelos para investigar os domínios escolares do ENEM, como variáveis latentes, e também incorporar a presença de uma variável latente de desempenho escolar geral. O primeiro define que as 30 competências de área são explicadas especificamente pelos quatro domínios postulados pela matriz do Enem. Nes...

This paper presents a non-parametric imputation technique, named random forest, from the machine learning field. The random forest procedure has two main tuning parameters: the number of trees grown in the prediction and the number of predictors used. Fifty experimental conditions were created in the imputation procedure, with different combination...

Esta é a primeira obra em Português dedicada exclusivamente aos modelos psicométricos de Rasch. O objetivo é funcionar como um manual para estudantes de vários níveis, desde a iniciação científica até o doutorado, bem como para pesquisadores e profissionais interessados no tema. O livro foi planejado e elaborado de modo a ajudar qualquer pessoa a a...

Os símbolos matemáticos ganham vida quando a matemática é tocada na mente."(Sautoy, M.) Objetivo: Na seção 1.4 do capítulo 1 nós mostramos a fórmula do modelo dicotômico de Rasch e dissemos que essa fórmula funciona como um elixir para a medida verdadeira. Tudo muito bonito, mas se você não conseguiu ler com facilidade a fórmula, por meio dos seus...

Objetivo: No capítulo 2 nós tivemos a oportunidade de ler os símbolos matemáticos da expressão de invariância de parâmetros, assim como vimos a forte conexão entre os conectivos dessa expressão e a teoria dos conjuntos. No capítulo 3 continuaremos a explorar a invariância dos parâmetros, pois ela é uma das partes centrais para uma medida. No entant...

Objetivo: O modelo dicotômico de Rasch, também chamado de Modelo Logístico Simples, foi desenvolvido pelo matemático Dinamarquês Georg Rasch nos anos de 1960. Como visto no primeiro capítulo, os modelos de Rasch foram os primeiros modelos probabilísticos de medidas aditivas conjuntas. O modelo apresentado no presente capítulo aplica-se a dados dico...