Hossein Afarideh

Amirkabir University of Technology | TUS · Department of Energy Engineering and Physics

Well logging plays a significant role in the identification and discovery of mines. Well logging, with the help of a set of tools, gives the required information about the drilled parts, which leads to the understanding of the constructive elements in depth and the physical information of the formation . Well logging uses different physical methods...

In this paper, a beta radioluminescent battery with different radioisotopes is studied, and different parameters of the proposed structure are optimized. These parameters include the luminescent layer thickness, the doping concentration in the semiconductor P-N junction, etc. Some of the parameters have an inverse effect on the battery outputs. So,...

Venturi flow meter is used in several industries that varies the flow characteristics of a fluid (either liquid or gas) traveling through the tube. Therefore, study of venturi is important to design properly and improve efficiently in all aspects. In this research, computational fluid dynamics simulations as a numerical method are used to predict t...

Nowadays, nuclear instruments are being widely used in various scientific and industrial fields. Different types of nuclear radiations (alpha, beta, and gamma) can be used in the construction of these gauges. Gamma based densitometers, as non-contact and non-destructive test tools, are favorably being used for process monitoring in various industri...

Introduction: In this study, 68Ga-PDTMP was introduced as a novel agent for PET bone scanning. Methods: 68Ga-PDTMP was prepared with radiochemical purity of higher than 98% at the optimized conditions. Results: Stability tests showed no decrease in radiochemical purity, even after 120 min. The capacity binding of 76.3% ± 0.7% after 10 min incu...

Radiotherapy is important for treating oral cancer in advanced stages. Boron neutron capture therapy represents a unique modality in which neutron beams penetrate into the tissue within an epithermal range. Different methods are available for neutron production, and in this study, we used an electron accelerator. A photoneutron source based on thre...

Prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) is frequently used in on–line analysis of raw materials in cement and coal industries which normally incorporates bismuth germanate (BGO) or sodium iodide (NaI(Tl)) scintillators. The quantitative results are basically undertaken through full–spectrum analysis method which requires an efficient noise...

Positronium (Ps) formation in a ground state and 2s state of the hydrogen atom by positron impact has been studied within the framework of Eikonal direct approximation in the intermediate and high energy range. For this process, we compute Eikonal charge- exchange scattering amplitude, the differential and total cross sections by reducing the six-d...

In this paper, we report on design, modelling and construction of a simple continuous nuclear gauge for measuring the fluid levels in vessels. In this instrument, a point source and a point detector are used on top and bottom sides of the vessel. The theoretical framework that is needed for analyzing the instrument data is described and it is shown...

The aim of this work is to increase the magnitude of the fast neutron flux inside the flux trap where radionuclides are produced. For this purpose, three new designs of the flux trap are proposed and the obtained fast and thermal neutron fluxes compared with each other. The first and second proposed designs were a sealed cube contained air and D2O,...

Proton energy enhancement in a combinational radiation pressure and bubble regime by applying a positively chirped laser pulse has been studied using a series of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. In this regime, the proton injection in the half-first period of an excited plasma wave in an under-dense plasma plays the main role in the ac...

Absorbed doses to human organs from 188Re-Rituximab in the free form and bound to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were predicted from results of the radiopharmaceutical biodistribution studies in mice by the RADAR method. Overall, equivalent and effective doses to human organs from the radiopharmaceutical on the nanoparticles were higher...

Multiphase flow meters as the potential alternatives to separation and metering techniques have been in rapid development since 1980s. Before its field operation, the instrument should be calibrated in a standard test-facility. In spite of the known medium and large scale facilities all over the world, we developed a laboratory scale instrument for...

High resolution gamma spectrometry is one of the methods for radio-xenon measurements. Determination of radio-xenon isotopes activity needs a well-known calibrated detector. In this work, we present a method to determine the detection efficiency of HPGe when the reference source according to the geometry of interest is not accessible. We used known...

The propagation of an intense laser pulse in an under-dense plasma induces a plasma wake that is suitable for the acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies. For an ultra-intense laser pulse which has a longitudinal size shorter than the plasma wavelength, λ p, instead of a periodic plasma wave, a cavity free from cold plasma electrons, cal...

The cyclotron cavity presented in this paper is modeled by a feed-forward neural network trained by the authors' optimized back-propagation (BP) algorithm. The training samples were obtained from simulation results that are for a number of defined situations and parameters and were achieved parametrically using MWS CST software; furthermore, the co...

Skeletal metastases are major clinical concerns observed in the vast number of primary cancers. The aim of this study was the biological evaluation of 175 Yb-BPAMD complex as a potential therapeutic bone-seeking agent. 175 Yb-BPAMD was prepared with radiochemical purity of higher than 97% at the optimized conditions. After checking the stability of...

This study simulated and designed a cyclotron cavity using the circuit model. Based on the full wave electromagnetic numerical simulation, this study proposes an accurate circuit model for all sections of the cavity which allows the investigation of the effects of different parts of the cavity on its characteristics. This procedure could be utilize...

In the nonlinear bubble regime, due to localized depletion at the front of the pulse during its propagation through the plasma, the phase shift between carrier waves and pulse envelope plays an important role in plasma response. The Carrier-Envelope Phase (CEP) breaks down the symmetric transverse ponderomotive force of the laser pulse that makes t...

In this work, we present an experimental method to determine the detection efficiency of HPGe when the reference source according to the geometry of interest is not accessible. We use known activity point sources (PS) of ¹⁵²Eu, ¹³⁷Cs, ²⁴¹Am and ¹³³Ba to find the detection efficiency for disc source (DS) geometry. It can be assumed that a DS consist...

By using radio-labeled multifunctional superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and an alternating magnetic field (AMF), we carried out targeted hyperthermia, drug delivery, radio-immunotherapy (RIT), and controlled chemotherapy of cancer tumors. We synthesized and characterized Indium-111-labeled, Trastuzumab and Doxorubicin (DOX)-conju...

This paper, presents a simple method for accurate calibration of organic scintillation detectors. The method is based on the fact that differentiating the response function leads to accurate estimation of the Compton edge. The differentiation method in addition to the location of the Compton edge, gives insights into the parameters of the folded Ga...

This paper presents the early radioxenon emission inventory for Tehran research reactor (TRR) based on comparison of the two computational analyses of MCNPX2.6 and ORIGEN 2.1. To determine the possible xenon isotopic signature of TRR’s releases under normal operational condition, the TRR fresh fuel burn-up through a total 400 days operational react...

To study of space charge effects in 10MeV cyclotron of Amirkabir University of Technology the C++ code is developed. This cyclotron is designed to accelerate H-up to10MeV energy. The important components of cyclotron that effect on calculations of space charge include four sector magnets, 2 RF cavities with 71 MHz frequency and internal PIG ion sou...

In this study, a simple electrochemical procedure adaptable for using low specific activity ¹⁸⁸W for separation and purification of ¹⁸⁸Re from ¹⁸⁸W to obtain no carrier added (NCA) ¹⁸⁸Re is developed. The electrochemical parameters were optimized to maximize the ¹⁸⁸Re electrodeposition yield with minimal ¹⁸⁸W contamination. Two cycle electrolysis p...

Objectives: In this study, human absorbed dose of (166)Ho-pamindronate (PAM) as a potential agent for the management of multiple myeloma was estimated. Methods: (166)Ho-PAM complex was prepared at optimized conditions and injected into the rats. The equivalent and effective absorbed dose to human organs after injection of the complex were estima...

This paper presents an analytical method for the calculation of the neutron ambient dose equivalent H* (10) regarding patients, whereby the different concrete types that are used in the surrounding walls of the treatment room are considered. This work has been performed according to a detailed simulation of the Varian 2300C/D linear accelerator hea...

The application of TPFHL as a novel two-phase flow Homogenizer loop in conjunction with the gamma-ray attenuation technique is emphasized. The capability of this instrumentation, to measure the volume fraction of iron ore powder-water two-phase mixture was demonstrated. In moving towards achieving the ability to use the above facility for two-phase...

This paper reports on the simulation of the response function of a ø3”*3” NaI (Tl) detector, using the FLUKA and MCNPX codes. These models were validated against extensive experimental data and used to benchmark various aspects of the response function. Comparisons show good agreement between both codes and experiments for different geometrical arr...

In this work, the absorbed dose to human organs for 175Yb-BPAMD was evaluated based on the biodistribution studies in rats. The results showed that the bone surface would receive the highest absorbed dose after injection of 175Yb-BPAMD with 13.32 mGy/MBq, while the other organs receive insignificant absorbed dose. Also, the comparison of 175Yb-BPAM...

Radioimmuno-conjugated (Rhenium-188 labeled Rituximab), 3 Aminopropyltriethoxy Silane (APTES)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and then characterized. Therapeutic effect and targeting efficacy of complex were evaluated in CD20 express B cell lines and tumor bearing Balb/c mice respectively. To reach these p...

At present, the bremsstrahlung photon beams produced by linear accelerators are the most commonly employed method of radiotherapy for tumor treatments. A photoneutron source based on three different energies (6, 10 and 15 MeV) of a linac electron beam was designed by means of Geant4 and Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) simulation codes. To o...

In this study, the neutron contamination due to the 2300C/D Varian medical linac has been calculated by using the long counter. In doing so, the energy response of the long counter in wide energy ranges(1keV-7MeV) of the neutron has been flattened and its effective center and directional sensitivity has been determined. All calculations have been p...

Due to the promising results of 4-{[(bis(phosphonomethyl))carbamoyl]methyl}-7,10-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododec-1-yl)acetic acid (BPAMD) complexes in human studies, in this study, new therapeutic complex of 175Yb-BPAMD was investigated. The effect of various parameters on the labelling yield of 175Yb-BPAMD, stability tests, partitio...

In this study, the coincidence responses of a radioxenon detection system were simulated by the Gate 7.0 code. The Compton scattering of 137Cs gamma-rays was simulated and the 3D coincidence spectrum was obtained. The capability of this code to define radionuclides as radioactive sources was employed to simulate coincidence spectra of 214Pb and 131...

A discrete Fourier transform method (DFTM) for discrimination between the signal of neutrons and gamma rays in organic scintillation detectors is presented. The method is based on the transformation of signals into the frequency domain using the sine and cosine Fourier transforms in combination with the discrete Fourier transform. The method is lar...

Background: Different kinds and models of personal dosimeters are used in individual monitoring by workers. Performance testing as part of approval procedures is carried out to demonstrate that the essential performance specifications are routinely maintained. There are four service providers in Iran which use different luminescence techniques (i....

Background: Different kinds and models of personal dosimeters are used in individual monitoring by workers. Performance testing as part of approval procedures is carried out to demonstrate that the essential performance specifications are routinely maintained. There are four service providers in Iran which use different luminescence techniques (i....

A systemic bone-avid radiopharmaceutical for treatment of widespread bony metastases has potential benefit in patients who have progressive disease despite treatment. The aim of this study was the preparation and quality control of 175 Yb-BPAMD complex. Yitterbium-175 was produced by neutron irradiation of the natural 175 Yb 2 O 3 in a research rea...

Cellulose Nitrate and Makrofol KG nuclear track detector foils of 96μm and 20μm thicknesses were irradiated with 238U ions (kinetic energy 17.7 MeV/u, fluence 105 ion/cm2) and 208Pd (kinetic energy 14.0MeV/u, fluence 105 ion/cm2), respectively. By etching of damage trail caused by the ion, templates containing conical pore were prepared. By electro...

In this work, an optimized computer controlled electrochemical cell were designed and constructed. This Electrolytic cell was used for etching latent ion tracks and electrochemical deposition of wires in pores of etched-ion tracks foils. The applied voltage and current through the electrochemical cell during the etching and electrodeposition were m...

CR-39 polymer was processed with ArF laser. Conical microstructures formed on laser-ablated CR-39. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were employed for examination of the morphology and chemical composition of irradiated surface and conical structure. SEM...

In this work, early procedure of production of radio-xenon at Amikabir University of Technology is reported. The procedure has five steps including: 1-design and construction of a Gas Transfer System (GTS), 2- volume measurement of GTS, 3- construction of an irradiation and measurement cell, 4- irradiation of natural xenon gas, and 5- Radio-xenon g...

In this study, electronic structure of lithium fluoride thin films in pure state and doped with magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu) and phosphorus (P) impurities was studied using WIEN2K Code. The structural and electronic properties of two LiF thin films with 1.61 and 4.05 nm thicknesses were studied and compared. Results show that the distance of atoms i...

The aim of this research work is to use a better parallel software structure to improve the performance of the Monte Carlo Geant4 code in proton treatment planning. The hadron therapy simulation is rewritten to parallelize the shared memory multiprocessor systems by using the Message-Passing Interface (MPI). The speedup performance of the code has...

The electric field in cavity accelerates charged particles and magnetic field of magnets changes the direction of these particles in cyclotrons. In order to establish the electric field inside the cavity, a noiseless radio frequency (RF) signal should be generated, amplified and sent to cavity. The resonant frequency of the cavity could be changed...

Design and construction of 10MeV cyclotron has been started at Amirkabir University of Technology since 2012. So far, the conceptual and detail engineering design phases have been finalized. The main purpose of this baby cyclotron is to generate proton beam for the production of PET radioisotopes. The cyclotron consists of magnet, cavity, ion sourc...

Normal diffusion process is quite valid for media without production and absorption. In these media particles move by scattering reaction and mean square displacement of particles is linear function of time ( ). In the nuclear reactors both production and absorption are present and consequently normal diffusion fails to describe neutrons behavior....

The transition from hole-boring to light-sail regime of radiation pressure acceleration by frequency-chirped laser pulses is studied using particle-in-cell simulation. The penetration depth of laser into the plasma with ramped density profile increases when a negatively chirped laser pulse is applied. Because of this induced transparency, the laser...

In this study, a new nonlinear model for matrix-based classification and neural based learning has been proposed applicable to the dataset with vector/matrix output (Matrix I/O) especially in imaging analysis as a 2D data. The effect of conversion of an image into vectors was considered in order to indicate the elimination of some important informa...

In this work, detection efficiency of HPGe detector is determined by daughters of 222Rn radioactive gas in Marinelli geometry as a volume source. The accurate configuration of HPGe is simulated by MCNPX code and the efficiency curve of a gaseous volume source is obtained by tally f8. The results of experiment and simulation is compared.

In this research production of 223Ra via neutron irradiation of 226Ra nuclei was studied in Tehran Research Reactor and compared with available literature data. Dowex 1X8 and Dowex 50WX8 anion and cation exchange resins were used for isolation of produced radioisotopes. Effective cross section value for the 227Ac production as a precursor of 223Ra...

The angular dependency of response for TLD cards may cause deviation from its true value on the results of environmental dosimetry, since TLDs may be exposed to radiation at different angles of incidence from the surrounding area. A 3D setting of TLD cards has been calibrated isotropically in a standard radiation field to evaluate the improvement o...

Poly allyl diglycol carbonate (PADC) has been irradiated by ArF(UV)-laser light (wavelength 193 nm) at different fluences and pulse numbers in order to investigate the photo degradation of chemical molecular structure. The photo-induced chemical reactions and photo-degradation mechanism at the irradiated polymer surface have been clarified by ultra...

The project of a10MeV PET cyclotron accelerator for medical diagnosis and treatment was started at Amirkabir University of Technology in 2012. The low-level RF system of cyclotron accelerator is designed to stabilize acceleration voltage and control the resonance frequency of the cavity. In this work Intelligent Low Level Radio Frequency Circuit or...

Hydrogels with three components, poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA), carboxymethylate chitosan (CM-chitosan) and honey have been prepared by using radiation method and radiation followed by freeze-thawing cycles technique (combinational method). The solid concentration of the polymer solution is 15 wt % and the ratios of PVA/CM-chitosan/honey are 10/1.5/3.5,...

Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots were prepared by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction technique based on spin-coating (spin-SILAR). The effect of molar concentration of solution on optical and photovoltaic properties was studied. Optimized PbS quantum dot sensitized solar cell demonstrated maximum power conversion efficiency of 3.29% with s...

Bone metastases are major clinical concern that can cause severe problems for patients. Currently, various beta emitters are used for bone pain palliation. This study, describes the process for absorbed dose prediction of selected bone surface and volume-seeking beta emitter radiopharmaceuticals such as (32)P, (89)SrCl2,(90)Y-EDTMP,(153)Sm-EDTMP, (...

In this work, chemical properties, surface modification, and micro structures formation on ablated polyallyl di-glycol carbonate (CR-39) polymer by ArF laser irradiation (λ = 193 nm) at various fluences and pulse number were investigated. CR-39 samples have been irradiated with an ArF laser (193 nm) at a repetition rate of 1 Hz. Threshold fluence o...

Radium-223 chloride is an alpha emitter radiopharmaceutical which recently has been used for treatment of bone metastases. Absorbed and equivalent doses of 223RaCl2 were studied using MCNPX Monte Carlo code in a phantom consisted of bone marrow, bone and soft tissue. 153Sm-EDTMP as a beta emitter was also simulated for comparison with 223RaCl2. Res...

The diffusion process is categorized in three parts, normal diffusion, super-diffusion and sub-diffusion. The classical neutron diffusion equation is used to model normal diffusion. A new scheme of derivatives is required to model anomalous diffusion phenomena. The fractional space derivatives are employed to model anomalous diffusion processes whe...

In this study, a method to enhance the accuracy of overlapped etched track analysis is proposed. Counting tracks by eye is not an easy task and automated tracks counting systems are attractive key for this problem. This method supplements the deficiencies of the conventional track analysis method. A computer programme named KoreaTech Track Measurem...

In this research, the effect of magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu) and phosphorus (P) impurities on dosimetry response of LiF:Mg,Cu,P phosphors is studied experimentally and by the simulation procedure. In the experimental procedure, LiF:Mg,Cu,P phosphors in the powder form were synthesised by chemical co-precipitation method. After annealing at 250°C for...

Transport of gamma photons in many fields such as radiation detection, dosimetry, and treatment planning is used. The transport of 1 MeV and 5 MeV photons in a water phantom was simulated by using the Monte Carlo algorithm in Matlab work space. The result of KERMA calculation showed good agreement with Arqueros and Montesinos [American Journal of P...

Detection of tracks produced by α particles, protons or nuclear fission fragments in plastic detectors, viz., solid-state nuclear track detectors, constitutes a very important tool in various areas. It is not easy for humans to count CR-39 nuclear tracks manually, especially when the track density is very high. An automated computer program called...

The effects of ArF laser irradiation ( ) at various fluences (energy dose or energy density) on the etching properties of pre-exposed (laser + alpha) CR-39 detectors were studied. First, UV–Vis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were acquired for non-laser-irradiated and laser-irradiated samples to detect the influence of the ArF laser o...

Interaction of a linearly polarized Gaussian laser pulse (at relativistic intensity of 2.0 × 1020 Wcm−2) with a multi-layer foam (as a near critical density target) attached to a solid layer is investigated by using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. It is found that electrons with longitudinal momentum exceeding the free electrons limit...

The first aim of this work is the numerical solution of the neutron spatial-fractional diffusion equation in two-dimension for energy multigroups using the shifted Grünwald–Letnikov approximation in the fractional derivatives. The second aim is related to illustrate a real application of fractional derivatives in the nuclear reactors. The novelty o...

Objective: In a diagnostic context, determination of absorbed dose is required before the introduction of a new radiopharmaceutical to the market to obtain marketing authorization from the relevant agencies. In this work, the absorbed dose of [67 Ga]-ethylenecysteamine cysteine [(67 Ga)ECC] to human organs was determined by using distribution data...

Indium-111 labeled, Trastuzumab-Doxorubicin Conjugated, APTES- PEG coated magnetic nanoparticles were designed for tumor targeting, drug delivery, controlled drug release, and dual-modal tumor imaging. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized by thermal decomposition method to obtain narrow size particles. To increase SP...

In this paper statistical error of count loss in track counting of intensely irradiated solid state nuclear track detectors is studied. Track counting statistics for the chemically etched solid state nuclear track detectors as one of the most commonly used passive detectors are studied in this paper for the counting errors occurred in high densitie...

Propagation of a chirped laser pulse with a circular polarization through an uprising plasma density profile is studied by using 1D-3V particle-in-cell simulation. The laser penetration depth is increased in an overdense plasma compared to an unchirped pulse. The induced transparency due to the laser frequency chirp results in an enhanced heating o...

Graphene oxide (GO) sheets functionalized by aminopropylsilyl groups (8.0 wt.%) were labeled by 198,199Au nanoparticle radioisotopes (obtained through reduction of HAuCl4 in sodium citrate solution followed by thermal neutron irradiation) for fast in vivo targeting and SPECT imaging (high purity germanium-spectrometry) of tumors. Using instant thin...

Improved power conversion efficiency of hybrid solar cells with ITO/ZnO seed layer/ZnO NRs/ZnS QDs/P3HT/PCBM/Ag structure was obtained by optimizing the growth period of ZnO nanorods (NRs). ZnO NRs were grown using a hydrothermal method on ZnO seed layers, while ZnS quantum dots (QDs) (average thickness about 24 nm) were fabricated on the ZnO NRs b...

In order to core calculation in the nuclear reactors there is a new version of neutron diffusion equation which is established on the fractional partial derivatives, named Neutron Fractional Diffusion Equation (NFDE). In the NFDE model, neutron flux in each zone depends directly on the all previous zones (not only on the nearest neighbors). Under t...

Solid-state quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) were fabricated with zinc sulfide quantum dots (ZnS QDs), which served as the light absorber and the recombination blocking layer simultaneously. ZnS QDs were prepared successfully by a novel successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique based on dip-coating (Dip-SILAR). The depende...

In this research, we develop dual modality molecular imaging and also radio-immunotherapy (RIT) bioprobes, in the form of modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated to radiolabeled antibodies, for PET and MRI of HER2 expressing cancers as well as a PH sensitive drug carrier by embedded an anticancer agent for cancer the...

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) quantum dots were prepared by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique based on spin coating (spin-SILAR). The effect of the number of SILAR cycle (n) on optical and photovoltaic properties was studied. An optimized ZnS quantum dot sensitized solar cell demonstrated maximum power conversion efficiency of 3.5...

A new ion source has been designed and manufactured for the CYCLONE30 accelerator, which has a much advanced performance compared with the original. It is expected that the newly designed ion source extraction system will transport a very large percentage of the beam without deteriorating the beam optics, which is designed to deliver an H− beam at...

A new ion source will be designed and manufactured for the CYCLONE30 commercial cyclotron with a much advanced performance compared with the previous one. The newly designed ion source has more plasma density, which is designed to deliver an H– beam at 30 keV. In this paper numerical simulation of the magnetic flux density from permanent magnet use...