Hidenori V Takahashi

Hokkaido Institute of Hydro-climate · Bio-hydrology

Carbon emission from the abandoned field of the Mega Rice Project is one of the global environmental problems in Indonesia. To cope with the problem, JICA-JST SATREPS program "Wild Fire and Carbon Management in Peat-forest in Indonesia" will adopt numerical model of groundwater flow for restoring the area. To adopt model, the ground water levels an...

In general, it is known that extreme climatic conditions such as El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD+) cause prolonged drought in Indonesia's tropical peatlands so that groundwater levels (GWL) drop and peat is prone to fire. However, 27 years of GWL measurements in Central Kalimantan peat forests show the opposite condition, where the lo...

Key for peatland management is a deep understanding of the hydrological processes and phenomena in peatland such as water flow in the biosphere, leaf, stem, and root. Relationships between groundwater level (GWL), rainfall, and evapotranspiration are also the key elements. Soil moisture near the peatland surface is clearly affected by the vegetatio...

Tropical tree species distributions are determined by a wide range of biotic and abiotic factors, including topography and hydrology. Tropical peat swamp forests (TPSFs) are characterized in part by small-scale variations in topography (‘hummocks’ and ‘hollows’) that create distinct microhabitats and thus may contribute to niche diversification amo...

The first International Peat Congress (IPC) held in the tropics - in Kuching (Malaysia) - brought together over 1000 international peatland scientists and industrial partners from across the world (“International Peat Congress with over 1000 participants!,” 2016). The congress covered all aspects of peatland ecosystems and their management, with a...

The first International Peat Congress (IPC) held in the tropics - in Kuching (Malaysia) - brought together over 1000 international peatland scientists and industrial partners from across the world ("International Peat Congress with over 1000 participants!," 2016). The congress covered all aspects of peatland ecosystems and their management, with a...

Plant succession triggered by drainage, which results in the expansion or invasion of vascular plants, has been reported from many peatlands. However, the effects of the vascular plant's expansion on evapotranspiration (ET), which is a key component of the water balance of ombrotophic bog, are still contradictory. To investigate the effects, ET was...

Peatland area in Indonesia was about 14.91 million ha spread out in Sumatra 6.44 million ha (43 %), in Kalimantan 4.78 million ha (32 %), and in Papua islands 3.69 million ha (25 %). In 1995, Mega Rice Project (MRP) in tropical peatland launched in Central Kalimantan, of which project failed because of knowledge gaps, especially on peatland hydrolo...

In a tropical peat-forest in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, massive drainage canal excavation led to a significant groundwater table decrease and to peatland degradation due to wildfires. To assess how to maintain a high groundwater table in tropical peatlands, groundwater levels and canal water levels were monitored by drilling 32 shallow wells, 6...

In this chapter, various peat combustion properties, temporal and spatial peat fire occurrence in Kalimantan, and the peat fire index (PFI) for the early warning of peat fire were discussed. Firstly, tropical peat was sampled from Mega Rice Project (MRP) area in Central Kalimantan and analyzed in the laboratory. The flash point, ignition temperatur...

The quick extinguish in the incipient stage of fire is the most effective and important in peat fire in tropical peatlands. The compact fire extinguish systems, which are suitable for firefighting in peat/forest fires, were lent to the local firefighting teams in the tropical peatland. Quantity of water resources for firefighting in peatland were e...

A summary of the peat formation process, and the classification and characterization of the peatlands in Southeast Asia, particularly those in Kalimantan in Indonesia was undertaken through a review of published studies. Based upon the location, mode of formation, and age of the peat deposits, ombrotrophic and eutrophic peatlands, or topogenous and...

Tropical peatlands have changed their role from carbon sinks to carbon sources mainly by recent anthropogenic disturbances. It is an urgent issue to evaluate the importance of tropical peatlands as carbon stocks and to preserve the ecosystems including their carbon dynamics. Spatial distribution of carbon mass at a regional level needs to be deline...

This chapter reports the review we conducted on Indonesian peat distribution maps and mapping techniques by using remote sensing and existing peat maps. Existing and available peat maps are listed and introduced how those distributions were derived, viz. Digital Chart of the World (ESRI. The digital chart of the world for use with ARC/INFO software...

The new field data transmission system using universal mobile telecommunication network, SESAME-II system, was developed and applied to monitor the items which related to global warming in tropical peatlands, Indonesia. The transmission system is mainly composed of the sensor, the data logger, the data communication module and the battery system. T...

The main focus of this presentation will be to discuss the on-going challenge and strategy of green growth development in Central Kalimantan. A case study of managing the “one million ha peat land” and its link with climate change issues will be presented. Tropical peatlands forest resources and natural functions are being damaged severely by land...

This research aims to analyze the effect of canal damming on surface water level stability in the drainage canals in the peatland area of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The focus of this research is the investigation of surface water level in Kalampangan Canal and Taruna Canal, the two biggest canals on the peatland lying between Sebangau River and...

The field data (water level, rainfall etc.) were sent successfully by using a mobile phone network and data logger with modem, and saved in the server automatically. Telecommunication system is now changing from P2P system to M2M system. The M2M system is used in the new data transmission system, SESAME-SATREP. Data in the field are gathered and se...

Tropical peatlands have accumulated huge soil carbon over millennia. However, the carbon pool is presently disturbed on a large scale by land development and management, and consequently has become vulnerable. Peat degradation occurs most rapidly and massively in Indonesia, because of fires, drainage, and deforestation of swamp forests coexisting w...

The Earth’s remaining tropical forests are found mainly in the peatlands and lowland of the Amazon, Central Africa, and Southeast Asia, especially in regions of Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua New Guinea, where rich biodiversity can still be found and large amounts of carbon are stored in peat soils UNDP, UNEP, WB, and WRI (2000).

Forest fire in Indonesia is not a new phenomenon, but recent fires in logged-over forest, peatland, and plantation should be classified into one of human-made disasters. Fires in Indonesia are more pronounced in El-Nino years, but the recent forest and peat fires in Indonesia tend to occur every year in the dry season, even in non-El Nino years. To...

The original objective of the Mega Rice Project (MRP) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia – to convert one mil-lion hectares of tropical swamp forest to paddy fields – instead produced large areas of abandoned farmland with bare peat subject to frequent fires. To understand how peat fire occurrence is related to drought, we an-alyzed 1997 to 2007 Unit...

The carbon balance of tropical peatlands was investigated using measurements of gaseous fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) at several land-use types, including nondrained forest (NDF), drained forest (DF), drained regenerating forest (DRF) after clear cutting and agricultural land (AL) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Soil greenhouse...

In this study, in order to monitor seasonality function in peat swamp forests by remotely sensed data; we attempted to predict the hydroperiod and phenology of a peat swamp forest in Central Kalimantan using multi-temporal TERRA-MODIS data. We developed a niche method to compress the monthly NDVI images of a one-year period into four seasonal NDVI...

A tropical ombrotrophic peatland ecosystem is one of the largest terrestrial carbon stores. Flux rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) were studied at various peat water table depths in a mixed-type peat swamp forest floor in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Temporary gas fluxes on microtopographically differing hummock and hollow peat surf...

Peat fire in tropical peatland not only releases a large amount of carbon into the atmosphere, but also causes significant damage to peatland ecology and the landscape. It is important to understand peat fire and to establish more effective methods to control peat fire. In this paper, the results of field and laboratory research elucidate the combu...

Properties of the soil surface layer, the temporal pattern of the microclimate variables as well as crop condition were combined to analyze the characteristics of the evapotranspiration from winter wheat fields in a saline soil area. In order to accomplish this analysis, evapotranspiration was divided into evaporation from the soil and transpiratio...

A method has been developed for estimating the filtered narrow band surface albedo with Landsat/TM data. In this method, the surface albedo from filtered range of Landsat/TM is converted to the surface albedo with unfiltered spectral range. The atmospheric effects on each channel are systematically different, because of the different spectral behav...

An observation of the temperature improvement effects of a shelterbelt ( Abies sachalinensis, 8m in height and 50m in width) on a cultivated field located in Chitose City, Hokkaido was carried out from June to October, 1994. The data used for analysis were classified according to the weather conditions and averaged. In the case of a wind direction...

A numerical model was developed to calculate wind flow and temperature distribution around a shelterbelt. The calculated wind flow and temperature distribution were compared with observed data. The wind flow model consists of the continuity equation, the Reynolds equation, and the k-ε turbulence model that includes the effects of plant-atmosphere i...