Hidenari Kishimoto

• National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Animal-mediated pollination is an essential ecosystem service for the production of many fruit trees. To reveal the community composition of flower-visiting wild insects which potentially contribute to fruit production and to examine the effects of geographic location, local meteorological conditions and locally introduced domesticated pollinators...

The toxicity of 85 insecticides, 20 acaricides, 70 fungicides, and 15 spreaders was tested against the predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus（McGregor）（Acari: Phytoseiidae）. Four neonicotinoids, 1 sulfoximine, 2 pyridine azomethine derivatives, 2 Bacillus thuringiensis and the insecticidal proteins they produce, 6 benzoylureas, 1 buprofezin, 3 dia...

The toxicity of 29 fungicides was tested against 4 native phytoseiid species, namely, Amblyseius eharai Amitai and Swirski, Amblyseius tsugawai Ehara, Euseius sojaensis（Ehara）, and Typhlodromus vulgaris Ehara（Acari: Phytoseiidae）, which are abundantly found in fruit tree orchards in Japan. Mancozeb and propineb were toxic to the immature individual...

We investigated the effects of weed mowing height on the occurrence of phytoseiid mites on white clover plants in apple orchards in Northern Japan. First, we investigated the species composition of phytoseiid mites in four orchards with different weed mowing heights and pesticide spray programs, as well as a playground without trees or pesticide sp...

A population survey of spider mites and phytoseiid mites was conducted on Japanese pear leaves in a greenhouse. For the survey, the method to estimate phytoseiid mite species composition using quantitative sequencing was modified to be applicable for phytoseiid mite species inhabiting in the greenhouse. Results show the dominant appearance of Neose...

A new artificial arena was developed for efficient toxicological tests of generalist phytoseiid species. The toxicity of 22 insecticides and 7 acaricides was tested against four native species, Amblyseius eharai Amitai and Swirski, Amblyseius tsugawai Ehara, Euseius sojaensis(Ehara), and Typhlodromus vulgaris Ehara, which are abundantly found in fr...

We surveyed the occurrence of Stethorus pusillus (Herbst) and Stethorus japonicus H. Kamiya from Hokkaido to Kyushu districts in Japan. Stethorus pusillus, whose occurrence was recently recorded in Japan again, was abundant and widely distributed from Hokkaido to Kumamoto Prefectures. On the other hand, fewer S. japonicus individuals, which had bee...

To examine utilization of plant food resources by phytoseiid mite species, Amblyseius eharai Amitai and Swirski, Euseius sojaensis (Ehara), and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acarina: Phytoseiidae), we collected phytoseiid mites and spider mites on peach leaves in Japanese peach orchards. Then, phytoseiid mite samples that had been estimated t...

The brown-winged green bug, Plautia stali Scott, mainly reproduces on Japanese cedar or cypress cones in Japanese plantation forests during summer and autumn. It often depletes its food sources in forest habitats and moves to cultivated crops in large numbers. To establish an easy method for assessing the risk of fruit orchard infestation by P. sta...

We compared the attractiveness of a mixture of cis-3-hexen-1-ol, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, and methyl salicylate (MeSA), and of each of these compounds singly, to a predacious ladybird beetle, Stethorus punctum picipes (Casey), to make it clear whether mixture of several volatiles may attract more natural enemies at different spatial scales. In an olf...

To find candidate native phytoseiid species for the control of the pink citrus rust mite, Aculops pelekassi, the development and oviposition of six phytoseiid species, Amblyseius eharai, Euseius sojaensis, Neoseiulus californicus, Neoseiulus womersleyi, Phytoseius nipponicus and Typhlodromus vulgaris, reared on A. pelekassi were compared at 25°C, 1...

A population survey of phytoseiid mites and of spider mites on randomly selected trees and their groundcover plant Paederia foetida L. (Rubiaceae) was conducted in Japanese peach orchards that used different pesticide practices. An organic orchard with wild groundcover and no synthetic chemicals used for pest control and a conventionally managed or...

A population survey of phytoseiid mites and spider mites was conducted on peach leaves and wild plants in Japanese peach orchards having different pesticide practices. The phytoseiid mite species composition on peach leaves and wild plants, as estimated using quantitative sequencing, changed during the survey period. Moreover, it varied among study...

The quality of pollen of tea (Camellia sinensis L.), big leaf podocarp tree [Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thumb.)] and sweet corn (Zea mays L.) as alternative food sources was evaluated for seven native phytoseiid mite species, Amblyseius eharai Amitai and Swirski, Euseius sojaensis (Ehara), Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor), Neoseiulus womersleyi (Sc...

Stethorus pusillus (Herbst) reported in Japan around 1900-1940 was considered to be Stethorus japonicus H. Kamiya by Kamiya (1959). However, we were able to record the occurrence of true Stethorus pusillus (Herbst) in Japan again. Morphological differences between these two predator species of tetranychid mites are evident in adult and immature sta...

Plant‐dwelling mites are potentially exposed to solar ultraviolet‐B (UVB) radiation that causes deleterious and often lethal effects, leading most mites to inhabit the lower (underside) leaf surfaces. However, in species of spider mite belonging to the Genus Panonychus, a substantial portion of individuals occur on upper leaf surfaces. We investiga...

To determine the type of prey consumed by the predatory coccinellid, Stethorus punctum picipes (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), we identified food remains, based on body parts or whole bodies of mites, in the guts of adults collected in two fruit orchards (apple and cherry) and one vineyard in Washington State, United States in August and September 200...

We attempted a population survey of spider mites and phytoseiid mites in Japanese peach orchards with different pesticide practices; however, we had difficulty discriminating phytoseiid mites. To estimate phytoseiid mite species composition, ribosomal gene fragments were amplified from genomic DNA of five phytoseiid mite species using PCR. Cloning...

The effects of sucrose on the survival and oviposition of predacious insects Stethorus japonicus, Oligota kashmirica benefica, and Scolothrips takahashii, under no-prey conditions, were investigated. In all three predacious insect species, adult females fed on sucrose under no-prey conditions survived significantly longer than those on only water....

Predatory mites, that are important natural enemies of Tetranychus spider mites, are less hindered by complex webs of the spider mites than are other predatory mites that are natural enemies of other pest herbivores. This can be partly explained by their chaetotaxy, a morphological protection against the webs. However, it has up to now been unclear...

Anti-predator defenses provided by complex webs of Tetranychus mites can severely impede the performance of generalist predatory mites, whereas this may not be true for specialist predatory mites. Although some specialist predatory mites have developed morphological protection to reduce the adverse effects of complex webs, little is known about the...

Predation and oviposition by three predacious insects [Scolothrips takahashii Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Stethorus japonicus H. Kamiya (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Oligota kashmirica benefica Naomi (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)] were examined using egg patches of three spider mite species [Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zacher), Tetranychu...

九州の農薬散布体系の異なるカンキツ園において，近年，日本国内で個体数を増加させ， ミカンハダニに対する新たな天敵として注目されているミヤコカブリダニの発生状況を調査した．農薬散布体系の違いによって，ミヤコカブリダニの発生は大きく異なっていた．すなわち，慣行防除園および減農薬園では調査した園のうち50 ～ 60% でミヤコカブリダニが観察されたが，無農薬園では，調査した21 園中，本種が観察されたのは1 園2 個体のみであった．ミヤコカブリダニは，九州のいずれの県でも観察されたが，発生状況は県ごとに異なった．調査した慣行防除園および減農薬園のうち，佐賀県では，全ての園で観察され，また，長崎県，熊本県および宮崎県では60% 以上の園で観察された．一方，福岡県では，県南部では全ての園で観察され，個...

Phytoscutus japonicusn. sp., the first known member of this genus from Japan, is described and illustrated based on females collected from citrus leaves in Miyazaki Pref., Kyushu. It resembles P. acaridophagus (Collyer) in having the dorsal shield with seta J2, but differs in having the opisthoscutum with lobed striae, ventrianal shield noticeably...

The effects of predacious insects on the population dynamics of three spider mite species, Amphitetranychus viennensis, Tetranychus urticae, and Panonychus citri, which are serious pests infesting the Japanese pear, were compared by experimentally introducing each spider mite species onto Japanese pear trees in an orchard. A. viennensis and T. urti...

A new technique was developed for the efficient rearing of phytoseiid mites. The developed artificial rearing arena consists of a 24-well tissue culture plate and pieces of woolen yarn. The rearing efficiencies of four species of phytoseiid mites belonging to different genera, Phytoseius nipponicus, Amblyseius eharai, Typhlodromus vulgaris and Typh...

The development and oviposition of three predacious insects, Stethorus japonicus, Oligota kashmirica benefica, and Scolothrips takahashii, reared on different species of spider mites were studied at 27°C: 16L8D. Eggs and deutonymphs of three species of spider mites, Panonychus mori, Tetranychus urticae, and Amphitetranychus viennensis, which are pe...

The species composition and seasonal occurrence of spider mites and their natural enemies were compared in three Japanese pear orchards with different control pressures, from 1996 to 1999. The orchards were an agrochemical-free orchard, a pesticide-free orchard, and a conventionally controlled orchard. The differences in the dominant species of spi...

To evaluate the effect of predation on spider mite populations in the field, we identified the predator species that caused the death of the eggs of Panonychus species using scanning electron micrographs of their feeding traces. The predator species could be distinguished from the shape of the feeding traces, which showed clear differences among th...

Several life-history parameters were compared among 3 populations of the phytoseiid mite, Amblyseius womersleyi Schicha, with different capacities for diapause. The parameters were monitored at 18, 20 and 25°C: 16L8D, at which diapause was not induced. Large variations were demonstrated among populations in the temperature effect on total ovipositi...

The basic ecological characteristics of Tetranychus okinawanus Ehara, a new spider mite speciesf rom Okinawa Islands, were examined and compared with those of other tetranychid mites. The mites develop more quickly and lay more eggs at young ages than other typical colonizing speciesuch as T. urticae and T. kanzawai. Thus, T. okinawanus has the hig...