Heshu Sulaiman Rahman

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Verified

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• PhD in Haematology and Clinical Pathology
• Professor (Assistant) at University of Sulaimani

Zerumbone (ZER) is a natural crystalline phytochemical compound that isolated from Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith in 1956. In this investigation, the anticancer properties of ZER were evaluated for the first time on cancer cells of T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Jurkat cells; using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT...

The present invention relates to a 5 composition for treating leukemia. The composition comprises of effective amount of zerumbone and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier characterized in that the carrier is a nanostructure lipid carrier. The composition is safe for administration in human body and shows enhanced bioavailability. The present inve...

Background: Medicinal plants have been the focus of scientific research for many decades worldwide, especially those used in traditional medicine. Objective: To perform the phytochemical analysis of extracted walnut oil (EWO) and its subchronic toxicity profile in Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: In this experimental study, the collected Kurdish walnu...

Background: Elettaria cardamomum possesses a variety of beneficial effects. Thus, we aimed to investigate cardamom essential oil-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (CEO-NLC) gastro-protective effects in an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Forty male albino rats of the Wistar strain were assigned into eight group...

Background: The Mediterranean area is a diversity center for the genus Dianthus. However, species belonging to this genus, including Dianthus orientalis Adams (DOA), have not been investigated for their medicinal activities. Objectives: To investigate antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant effects and molecular mechanism of D. orientalis Ada...

Background: A comprehensive study is not available on Iraqi cancer patients to know which food/food groups are precisely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Objectives: To determine the correlation between the type of frequently consumed food and the incidence of CRC among patients. Methodology: This study used a validated semi-quantitative f...

Background: Heracleum species are commonly used as spices, flavorings, and food additives. Members of the genus Heracleum offer many medicinal benefits but may also pose adverse effects on human health. Objectives: To prepare a crude leaf extract of Heracleumlasiopetalum and assess its toxicity profile towards healthy rats. Methods: The H. lasiopet...

Background: Carvacrol (CAR) is the active component in essential oils (EOs) of many fragrant plants, including oregano and thyme; however, its high toxicity restricts its usage in biomedical fields, and the self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was suggested to overcome this issue. Objective: To prepare and characterize the CAR-loaded...

Vitamin D (Vit D) is essential in maintaining calcium homeostasis and other body processes. It has been widely studied how Vit D affects cell cycle pathways and how it affects the development and prevention of breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to determine Vit D insufficiency linkage to the development of BC. In this case-control study, 130 wome...

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with unknown etiology that mainly affects synovial joints. Objectives: To compare the level of serum biomarkers (Wnt5a, anti-SMA, FGF23, and anti-CCP) in RA patients and healthy control. Methodology: This case-control study was conducted on 88 patients with RA and 88 norma...

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) associated with short stature during childhood are mostly referred to the hospital and diagnosed as vitamin D deficiency rickets and received vitamin D before adulthood. A case is presented with clinical features of hypophosphatemia from childhood who did not seek medical care for diagnosis and treatment, nor did his...

A thiourea ligand; N, N-di-(4-tolyl)-N'-(6-chloronicotinoyl) thiourea (LH) was synthesized from the reaction of 6-chloronicotinyl chloride with potassium thiocyanate which gave 6-chloronicotinoyl isothiocyanate, then reaction of 6–chloronicotinoyl isothiocyanate with Di-p-tolylamine in acidic medium gave the desired ligand (LH). Treatment of LH wit...

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are highly potent bactericidal antibiotics with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative/positive bacteria. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) anticipated the presence of a long-lasting incapacity of Fluoroquinolone Associated Toxicity (FQAT), which is not officially documented yet. This review aimed to précis the ex...

Background Dianthus must be well investigated for its phytochemical content and biological and medicinal activities, including Dianthus orientalis Adams. Objectives To assess the phytochemical composition and determine the toxicity of Dianthus orientalis Adams in an animal model. Materials and Methods The whole plant materials were collected from...

The aim of this study is to prepare and characterise mucoadhesive silica-coated silver nanoparticles loaded with ciprofloxacin (S-AgNPs-CSCFX), and investigate serum biochemical, haematological, and histopathological effects in Sprague Dawley rats upon oral administration. S-AgNPs-CSCFX microparticles were prepared using three fluid nozzle spray dr...

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are distributed unevenly throughout the world’s regions. The researchers’ goal in this study was to find out which HBV genotypes are now prevalent in the blood of chronic HBV patients in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region’s Sulaimaniyah governorate. Methods Genotyping was carried out utilizing Polymerase Chain Rea...

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. The infection was reported in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and has become a major global concern due to severe respiratory infections and high transmission rates. Evidence suggests that the strong int...

Balanced cell death and survival are among the most important cell development and homeostasis pathways that can play a critical role in the onset or progress of malignancy steps. Anastasis is a natural cell recovery pathway that rescues cells after removing the apoptosis-inducing agent or brink of death. The cells recuperate and recover to an acti...

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in the author name of Svetlana Danshina. The incorrect author name is: Svetlana Danishna The correct author name is: Svetlana Danshina The author group has been updated above and the original article [1] has been corrected.

Abstract: Amoebiasis is an enteric protozoan disease of the human gastrointestinal tract caused by E. histolytica, which is a public health problem in many developing countries. Especially in poor sanitation areas. The study aimed to estimate some immunological parameters in symptomatic amoebic children. The study was conducted in the Pediatric Tea...

Breast cancer (BC) represents aggressive cancer affecting most women’s lives globally. Metastasis and recurrence are the two most common factors in a breast cancer patient's poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cells that are able to self-renew and differentiate, which is a significant factor in metastasis and recurrence of cancer. Lo...

Objective: The role of ABO types and RhD antigen in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity has been investigated in several recent studies. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the relationship of ABO and RhD types with symptomatic COVID-19 disease and determine the groups associated with an increased risk of hospitalization. M...

Background During the last 2 years, in the Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, there were thousands of COVID-19 cases that have not been reported officially, but diagnosed and confirmed by private laboratories and private hospitals, or clinicians based on typical clinical signs, as well as few people using home self-test after appearing of some flu-li...

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in the following affiliation: 1. Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University of Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq Cihan University was misspelt as Cihlan University.

Background The most common malignancy in children is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study aimed to explore KLK10 mRNA expression as a potential diagnostic biomarker for ALL in children and to examine the effect of chemotherapy on KLK10 mRNA expression following the induction and after three months of receiving chemotherapy. Methods In th...

Nanotechnology is a far‐reaching technology with tremendous applications in various aspects, including general medicine, veterinary medicine, agriculture, aquaculture, and food production. Nanomaterials have exceptional physicochemical characteristics, including increased intestinal absorption, biodistribution, bioavailability, and improved antimic...

Mesenchymal stem cells affect ALL cell biology under hypoxic conditions. We studied survival, proliferation, expression, and promoter methylation levels of essential genes involved in expanding MOLT-4 cells co-cultured with BM-MSC under the hypoxic condition. Here, MOLT-4 cells were co-cultured with BMMSCs under hypoxic conditions. First, the apopt...

Due to the absence of successful therapy, vaccines for protection are continuously being developed. Since vaccines must be thoroughly tested, viral respiratory tract infections (VRTIs), mainly coronaviruses, have seriously affected human health worldwide in recent years. In this review, we presented the relevant data which originated from trusted p...

Kava is a herbal supplement and beverage made from the Piper methysticum plant, which is known for its recreational use as a mood enhancer, relaxation, as well as pain relief for centuries. Kava is widely used among alcoholics, but it is dangerous and potentially fatal. The objectives of this study were to examine the sub-acute toxicity effects of...

Leukemia often initiates following dysfunctions in hematopoietic stem cells lineages. Various types of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1) can thus call for different diagnosis and treatment options. O...

Cancer is considered a life-threatening disease, and several factors are involved in its development. Chemokines are small proteins that physiologically exert pivotal roles in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. The imbalance or dysregulation of chemokines has contributed to the development of several diseases, especially cancer. CCL19 is one of the...

Background Lifelong blood transfusion is recommended for patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) that lead to iron overload and results in cardiomyopathy (CM). Aim To assess the accuracy of several electrocardiographic (ECG) data in patients at high risk of arrhythmia, early detection of structural and functional changes in left atri...

Background The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL, an apoptosis-inducing cytokine, has attracted much attention in the treatment of cancer for its selective toxicity to malignant rather than normal cells. However, the apoptosis-inducing ability of TRAIL is weaker than expected primarily due to cancer cell resistanc...

COVID-19 is an infectious pandemic disease which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Up to date, scientists are trying to identify a new specific antiviral drug to overcome this disease. Different methods are under study and evaluation in the entire world to control the virus, including blood plasma, blood...

Over the last few decades, there have been several global outbreaks of severe respiratory infections. The causes of these outbreaks were coronaviruses that had infected birds, mammals and humans. The outbreaks predominantly caused respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract symptoms and other mild to very severe clinical signs. The current coronav...

The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway has been known to be involved in cell growth, cellular differentiation processes development, immune cell survival, and hematopoietic system development. As an important member of the STAT family, STAT3 participates as a major regulator of cellular deve...

Blood disorders include a wide spectrum of blood-associated malignancies resulting from inherited or acquired defects. The ineffectiveness of existing therapies against blood disorders arises from different reasons, one of which is drug resistance, so different types of leukemia may show different responses to treatment. Leukemia occurs for a varie...

Background: Zerumbone (ZER) is a naturally occurring monosesquiterpine and dietary compound from Zingiber zerumbet Smith, an edible ginger. It has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activities. Inflammation plays an important role in all stages of atherosclerosis. However, little is known about ZER's anti-inflammatory role in atherosclerosis....

Background: Zerumbone (ZER) is a naturally occurring monosesquiterpine and dietary compound from Zingiber zerumbet Smith, an edible ginger. It has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activities. Inflammation plays an important role in all stages of atherosclerosis. However, little is known about ZER's anti-inflammatory role in atherosclerosis....

Cytokines are considered vital mediators of the immune system. Down- or upregulation of these mediators is linked to several inflammatory and pathologic situations. IL-26 is referred to as an identified member of the IL-10 family and IL-20 subfamily. Due to having a unique cationic structure, IL-26 exerts diverse functions in several diseases. Sinc...

Background: Currently, in the Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, there are thousands of COVID-19 cases that have not been reported officially but diagnosed and confirmed by private laboratories and private hospitals, or clinicians based on typical clinical signs, as well as few people using home-self test after appearing of some flu-like clinical sym...

Background ABO blood group types are among the risk factors of COVID-19 infection in many recent studies. Thus, the objective of this study is to find the relations between ABO types and COVID-19 infection as well as to find out the riskier group that is associated with hospitalization and the need for O2 support. Methods This observational cross-...

Background Eucalyptol is an active compound of eucalyptus essential oil and was reported to have many medical attributes including cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells. However, it has low solubility in aqueous solutions which limits its bioavailability and cytotoxic efficiency. In this study, nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with eucalyptol...

Background COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2. Objective To study the demographic and clinical presentations of COVID-19 with their types including MIS-C and Kawasaki among children who were admitted to Doctor Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric Teaching Hospital (DJARPTH) at Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq. Patients and method...

The immune cytokine tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has attracted rapidly evolving attention as a cancer treatment modality because of its competence to selectively eliminate tumor cells without instigating toxicity in vivo. TRAIL has revealed encouraging promise in preclinical reports in animal models as a cancer tr...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a serious, life-threatening, and hardly curable hematological malignancy that affects the myeloid cell progenies and challenges patients of all ages but mostly occurs in adults. Although several therapies are available including chemotherapy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT), and receptor...

The emergence of biogenic nanomaterials as novel antimicrobials introduces a new paradigm in human health care. Based on the recent reports of the World Health Organization, infectious diseases pose one of the greatest health challenges. Increased multi-drug resistance prevalence among human pathogens, due to the inefficiency of commercially availa...

To date, two chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-T cell products from autologous T cells have been approved by The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The case-by-case autologous T cell generation setting is largely considered as a pivotal restraining cause for its large-scale clinical use because of the costly and prolonged manufacturin...

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has become an attractive and advanced scientific research area in the context of cancer therapy. This interest is closely linked to the MSC-marked tropism for tumors, suggesting them as a rational and effective vehicle for drug delivery for both hematological and solid malignancies. Nonetheless, the...

Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) due to their pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, and immunoregulatory competencies along with fewer ethical issues are presented as a rational strategy for regenerative medicine. Current reports have signified that the pleiotropic effects of MSCs are not related to their differentiation potentials, but ra...

Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) have a unique facet of synthetic biology and offer a paradigm shift in personalized medicine as they can use and redirect the patient's immune cells to attack cancer cells. CAR-Natural Killer (NK) cells combine the targeted specificity of antigens with the subsequent intracellular signaling ability of the receptors...

Adoptive cell therapy has received a great deal of interest in the treatment of advanced cancers that are resistant to traditional therapy. The tremendous success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cells in the treatment of cancer, especially hematological cancers, has exposed CAR’s potential. However, the toxicity and signific...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 is associated with excessive inflammation, as a main reason for severe condition and death. Increased inflammatory cytokines and hu-moral response to SARS-CoV-2 correlate with COVID-19 immunity and pathogenesis. Importantly, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines th...

Malaria is a major mosquito-borne public health problem especially in tropical countries. The authors report a malaria infection in a 31-year-old man who had returned from East Africa with developed fever and rigor. Because of his thrombocytopenia, decreased hemoglobin, elevated liver enzymes, and splenomegaly, and because of failure to question ab...

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a cancer that starts in the lymphatic system. In NHL, the important part of the immune system, a type of white blood cells called lymphocytes become cancerous. NHL subtypes include marginal zone lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma (FL), and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. The disease can emerge in e...

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is greatly multifaceted and immune escape is an imperative attribute of tumors fostering tumor progression and metastasis. Based on reports, the restricted achievement attained by T cell immunotherapy reflects the prominence of emerging other innovative immunotherapeutics, in particular, natural killer (NK) cells-ba...

Melanoma is a kind of skin cancer that is begun by the alteration of melanocytes. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate a variety of biological processes. KISS1, the metastasis-suppressor gene, encodes kisspeptins which inhibits migration and proliferation of cancers. This study was aimed to determine the role of Let-7i and KISS1...

The kidney is one of the main targets attacked by viruses in patients with a coronavirus infection. Until now, SARS‐CoV‐2 has been identified as the seventh member of the coronavirus family capable of infecting humans. In the past two decades, humankind has experienced outbreaks triggered by two other extremely infective members of the coronavirus...

Erythropoietin (EPO) is widely used to treat anemia in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancers. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rHuEPO on the response of spheroid breast cancer, MCF-7, cells to tamoxifen treatment. The MCF-7 spheroids were treated with 10 mg/mL tamoxifen in combination with either 0, 10, 100 o...

Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their widespread biomedical applications have attracted great consideration from the scientific community around the world. However, reports have shown that the main populations of the transplanted MSCs are trapped in the liver, spleen, and lung upon administration, highlighting the importance of...

Erythropoietin (EPO) is widely used to treat anemia in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancers. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rHuEPO on the response of spheroid breast cancer, MCF-7, cells to tamoxifen treatment. The MCF-7 spheroids were treated with 10 mg/mL tamoxifen in combination with either 0, 10, 100 o...

Natural compounds targeting colorectal cancer

Most COVID-19 cases are treated as outpatients, while the majority of studies on COVID-19 focus on inpatients. Little is known about the self-reporting and self-rating of the disease's symptoms, and the associations of prophylactic use of dietary supplements with COVID-19 severity have not been addressed. The aims of this study are to evaluate COVI...

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered one of the most predominant and deadly cancer globally. Nowadays, the main clinical management for this cancer includes chemotherapy and surgery, however, these treatments result in the occurrence of drug resistance and severe side effects, and thus it is a crucial requirement to discover an alternat...

Despite many recent advances on cancer novel therapies, researchers have yet a long way to cure cancer. They have to deal with tough challenges before they can reach success. Nonetheless, it seems that recently developed immunotherapy-based therapy approaches such as adoptive cell transfer (ACT) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy agai...

In recent decades, a new method of cellular immunotherapy was introduced based on engineering and empowering the immune effector cells. In this type of immunotherapy, the immune effector cells are equipped with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to specifically target cancer cells. In much of the trials and experiments, CAR-modified T cell immunothera...

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is the erythropoiesis-stimulating hormone that is being used concurrently with chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of anemia of cancer. The effect of rHuEPO on cancer cells in 3-dimensional (3D) cultures is not known. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of rHuEPO on the viability of M...

We aimed to explain the implementation of a caring framework for teaching excellence in nursing education, especially leadershipin a developing-country context such as the University of Sulaimani (UoS)/ Iraqi Kurdistan. According to Adams and Valiga, excellence in nursing teaching is a "complex, multifaceted, multidimensional concept that challenge...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide; it is a disease characterized by the growth of malignant cells within the mammary glands. It strikes males and females; there are diverse sorts of breast cancer. Cytokines and fibroblast growth factors that play a critical role in the development and progression of breast cancer. The aim o...

Angiogenesis is a crucial area in scientific research because it involves many important physiological and pathological processes. Indeed, angiogenesis is critical for normal physiological processes, including wound healing and embryonic development, as well as being a component of many disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, and diabetic...

Background Hematology laboratory analyses are essential in the diagnosis of and making decisions on clinical cases. Hematology results are only meaningful when reference made to a normal range of values for a particular population. These values are affected by race, diet, and lifestyle the society. Objective To establish the hematological referenc...

Cancer cells tend to grow fast, and chemo drugs kill fast-growing cells. However, since such drugs move to almost all part of the body, they might have an influence on healthy cells which are normal and grow fast. If healthy cells are damaged, there will be several side effects. The side effects of chemotherapy in children are reported by cancer tr...

The current rampant coronavirus infection in humans, commonly known as COVID-19, a pandemic that may cause mortality in humans, has been declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). The morbidity and mortality rates due to the pandemic are increasing rapidly worldwide, with the USA most affected by the disease. The source COV...

This study investigated the in vivo antileukemic activity of palladium nanoparticles (Pd@W.tea-NPs) mediated by white tea extract in a murine model. The cell viability effect of Pd@W.tea-NPs, "blank" Pd nanoparticles, and white tea extract alone was determined in murine leukemia WEHI-3B cells and normal mouse fibroblasts (3T3 cells). Apoptotic and...

Background Cupping therapy has long been practiced in several cultures for the treatment of ailments and improvement of general well-being. Thus, the aim of this current study is to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of wet cupping treatments in relieving headache, chest pain and muscle ache in patients recently have diagnosed with hyperlipid...