Herrera, J. M.

Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO) and University of Cádiz (UCA)

1. We investigated the effect of forest cover and fruit availability on frugivore-mediated seed dispersal of the ornithochorous tree Crataegus monogyna in highly heterogeneous secondary-growth forests of the Cantabrian Range (NW Spain). 2. During 2006 and 2007, we collected dispersed Crataegus seeds from 283 sampling stations in a 400 × 440 m study...

CONTEXT The Iberian Peninsula is the world's largest olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea L.) producing region due to its high environmental suitability for olive growing, consistently accounting for about half of the global share. Moreover, it includes a range of olive-producing regions with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), aimed to safeguar...

Political responses to the COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in city soundscapes around the globe.From March to October 2020, a consortium of 261 contributors from 35 countries brought togetherby the Silent Cities project built a unique soundscape recordings collection to report on local acousticchanges in urban areas. We present this collection her...

Despite increasing recognition of the importance of the multiple dimensions of biodiversity, including functional or genetic diversity as well as species diversity, most conservation studies on ecosystem service‐providing insects focus on simple diversity measures such as species richness and abundance. In contrast, relatively little is known about...

Farmers' pro-environmental action is substantially influenced by various stakeholders from their business and social environment. Recent studies recommend actively involving influential stakeholders in agri-environmental initiatives, information or media campaigns. While it has been argued that farmers' perceptions towards these stakeholders can he...

Biocontrol services are widely recognized to provide key incentives for bat conservation. However, we have virtually no information on whether and how disruptions in bat‐mediated biocontrol services are driven by mismatches between the temporal activity patterns of insectivorous bats and insect pests. We investigated the temporal relationship betwe...

Ecological intensification has been embraced with great interest by the academic sector but is still rarely taken up by farmers because monitoring the state of different ecological functions is not straightforward. Modelling tools can represent a more accessible alternative of measuring ecological functions, which could help promote their use among...

Public health and environmental concerns are increasing the pressure to reduce chemical pesticide usage, thereby requiring management alternatives to control pest damage to crops. Retaining semi-natural habitats within agricultural landscapes is often assumed to be one such alternative, by contributing to boost natural enemy populations and reduce...

Assessing the spatio-temporal impact of agricultural intensification on species and communities is key for biodiversity conservation. Here, we investigated the seasonal effects of olive grove intensification at both local (farming practices and grove structural complexity) and landscape scale (land-cover diversity) on birds and bats, at species and...

The establishment of operation protocols for olive oil (OO) extraction at non-industrial scale is crucial for research purposes. Thus, the present study proposes a simple and cost-effective method for OO extraction at the laboratory scale (LS) level. To validate the proposed methodology, industrial OO extraction (IS) was performed in parallel, usin...

The olive moth, Prays oleae (Bernard, 1788) (Lep., Praydidae), is one of the most common insect pests affecting the olives groves of the Mediterranean basin. Current farming practices are largely oriented to optimize the effectiveness of beneficial insects, among which the common green lacewings (Neur., Chrysopidae) stand out. Two different types o...

Bees are a diverse group with more than 1000 species known from the Iberian Peninsula. They have increasingly received special attention due to their important role as pollinators and providers of ecosystem services. In addition, various rapid human-induced environmental changes are leading to the decline of some of its populations. However, we kno...

Arthropod declines have been linked to agricultural intensification. However, information about the impacts of intensification is still limited for many crops, as is our understanding of the responses of different arthropod taxa and trophic groups, thus hindering the development of effective mitigation measures. We investigated the impacts of olive...

1. Passive acoustic monitoring, a non-invasive technique, is increasingly used to study animal populations and habitats at much larger spatial and temporal scales than standard methods. However, easy to apply tools for reliable detection and classification of signals of interest among hundreds or even thousands of hours of recording are still lacki...

Practice abstract on the enemies of pests in olive groves in olive groves implementing contrasting management practices in the framework of SUSTAINOLIVE project. This file is part of a collection of Practice Abstracts devoted to awareness of olive farmers: https://sustainolive.eu/resources/?lang=en

Ficha informativa sobre los enemigos de las plagas en el olivar en olivares que aplican prácticas de manejo contrastadas en el marco del proyecto SUSTAINOLIVE. Este archivo forma parte de una colección de fichas informativas destinadas a la sensibilización de los agricultores del olivar: https://sustainolive.eu/resources/

A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in...

Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop y...

The growing demand for timber and the boom in massive tree-planting programs could mean the spreading of mismanaged tree plantations worldwide. Here, we apply the concept of ecological intensification to forestry systems as a viable biodiversity-focused strategy that could be critical to develop productive, yet sustainable, tree plantations. Tree p...

Pest control services provided by naturally occurring species (the so-called biocontrol services) are widely recognized to provide key incentives for biodiversity conservation. This is particularly relevant for vertebrate-mediated biocontrol services as many vertebrate species are of conservation concern, with most of their decline associated to la...

Supporting Information for Morgado et al., 2021 - Preserving wintering frugivorous birds in agro‐ecosystems under land use change: Lessons from intensive and super‐intensive olive orchards

Fleshy fruit production is becoming more intensive worldwide, but how this affects frugivorous birds is poorly known. In the Mediterranean region, intensive and super‐intensive olive orchards are fast expanding, potentially affecting millions of wintering songbirds. Here, we test the idea that intensification may benefit frugivorous birds, at least...

Roads disrupt landscape connectivity for many species. These infrastructures can be barriers to movement and, in the long-term, threaten the persistence of several mammal populations living on roadsides. It is widely recognized that small mammals use road verges as habitat and corridor when roads cross intensively managed landscapes. Nevertheless,...

Question Do invasions by invasive plant species with contrasting trait profiles (Arctotheca calendula, Carpobrotus spp., Conyza bonariensis, and Opuntia dillenii) change the climatic niche of coastal plant communities? Location Atlantic coastal habitats in Huelva (Spain). Methods We identified the species composition of 216 paired (non‐invaded an...

A participatory monitoring programme of an exceptional modification of urban soundscapes during Covid-19 containment.

Combining biodiversity conservation with the agricultural production needed to meet the rising world food demand is a global challenge. This is a case in point for olive farming in the Mediterranean region, where high-yielding intensive and super-intensive orchards are fast expanding, often replacing biodiversity-rich but low-yielding traditional o...

Forests can be modified by fine-scale disturbances such as those prompted by cattle grazing, but their impacts on biodiversity are far from being understood. Here, we investigate the response of insectivorous bats to cattle-driven forest disturbances, using a savanna-like Mediterranean agroforestry system, the Portuguese montado, as study system. I...

A pesar de que España es uno de los países con mayor diversidad de polinizadores silvestres y, que de su conservación depende el futuro de nuestros cultivos y por tanto de nuestra alimentación, lo cierto es que hoy día seguimos sin conocer el estado de conservación de gran parte de esta fauna, una demanda histórica de la sociedad cien- tífica que s...

Studies examining species range shifts in the face of climate change have consistently found that response patterns are complex and varied, suggesting that ecological traits might be affecting species response. However, knowledge of how the traits of a species determine its response to climate change is still poorly understood. Here we investigate...

In the present work, the results of a bat sampling carried out at the Bay of Cádiz Natural Reserve (Cádiz, Spain) are presented. Bat surveys were performed in a total of 15 sampling points distributed along the bay of Cádiz, with the aim to record and idenify bat species occurring at the study site. At least four species belonging to four genera we...

Climate change is widely recognized as being a major threat to biodiversity, including pollinators. In the present paper, we review the existing knowledge regarding how climate change impacts pollinators and its implication on their long-term survival. This includes: (1) spatial shifts in distribution patterns and concomitant spatial mismatches wit...

Animal-mediated pollination is essential for the production and quality of fruits and seeds of many crops consumed by humans. However, crop pollination services might be compromised when wild pollinators are scarce. Managed pollinators are commonly used in crops to supplement such services with the assumption that they will enhance crop yield. Howe...

Managing landscape connectivity is a widely recognized overarching strategy for conserving biodiversity in human-impacted landscapes. However, planning the conservation and management of landscape connectivity of multiple and ecologically distinct species is still challenging. Here we provide a spatially-explicit framework which identifies and prio...

Bird species recorded and their relative abundance across landscape units. (ODT)

Raw environmental and bird data. (XLS)

Changes performed in MulTyLink for using hexagonal cells. (DOC)

The habitat composition of mature non-native plantations may provide a different set of resources to that of native forests, and these differences may influence species communities. We studied a bird community in the northern Iberian Peninsula to understand whether habitat composition in either mature non-native plantations or native forests genera...

We hypothesized that it is possible to develop a regionally specific bat identification tool by fine-tuning a country wide call library.

Landscape homogenization caused by agricultural intensification has detrimental effects on several insectivorous bat species that provide valuable agricultural pest control services. To understand the mechanisms that promote bat persistence in intensively farmed landscapes, we investigated the patterns of species richness, flight and feeding activi...

Land conversion for agricultural purposes and the intensication of management practices are the major drivers of the global biodiversity decline. The loss of natural vegetation remnants and homogenization of agricultural landscapes have detrimental effects on many species, including bats. Given that they play an important ecological role by acting...

Background: High Nature Value Farmlands (HNVF) harbor species dependent upon habitats maintained by low-intensity farming. Among HNVF, the montado (dehesa in Spain) is a multifunctional system declining due to droughts, pathogens, and increasing grazing pressure. Specifically, grazing pressure leads to compact soils and hinders natural tree regener...

Context Seed dispersal is recognized as having profound effects on the distribution, dynamics and structure of plant populations and communities. However, knowledge of how landscape structure shapes carnivore-mediated seed dispersal patterns is still scarce, thereby limiting our understanding of large-scale plant population processes. Objectives W...

Aim To examine the distributional patterns of vertebrates (including birds, bats, carnivores and lagomorphs) along landscape composition and configuration gradients to better understand the effects of landscape modification on occurrence patterns at both species and community level. Location The region of Alentejo, a forest‐dominated area of south...

Olive (Olea europaea L.) farming is one of the most widespread agricultural practice throughout the Mediterranean basin. Current trends even predict an increase in land area devoted to olive farms as well as the intensification of farming practices. However, knowledge of the effects of olive farming on animal species still remains elusive and conse...

Despite the recognized importance of indirect plant–plant interactions for community structure, we still need to improve our current knowledge on how their outcomes are consistent in space and time, as well as reciprocal between participating species. These caveats are especially relevant in the case of indirect interactions mediated by animals, wh...

Aim Our aim was to determine the role of environmental variables in explaining occurrence and abundance patterns of bumblebee ( B ombus ) species in a mountain region. We also used a historical dataset to compare historical and recent habitat suitability predictions for forecasting variations in species' responses to regional climate warming. Loca...

Widespread alterations in species distribution and abundance as a result of global environmental change include upwards and polewards shifts driven by local extinctions in the south or at lower elevations and colonizations of newly available habitat elements in the north or at higher elevations. Although cumulative changes on patterns of community...

Animal movement and behaviour is fundamental for ecosystem functioning. The process of seed dispersal by frugivorous animals is a showcase for this paradigm since their behaviour shapes the spatial patterns of the earliest stage of plant regeneration. However, we still lack a general understanding of how intrinsic (frugivore and plant species trait...

Analysis for perching time and fruit consumption for the six Turdus species followed in the field. (DOCX)

Model fit, comparison and assessment for movement rules of Turdus species in the study plot. (DOCX)

Assessment of landscape-scale spatial structure of observed and predicted seed rain. (DOCX)

Detailed description of the study system and field methodologies, including scheme of the field study plot showing forest cover and details of the sampling design. (DOCX)

Gut Passage Time estimation for Turdus sp. and seeds of fleshy-fruits in the Cantabrian Range. (DOCX)

Understanding the effects of land-cover alterations on ecosystem functioning has become a major challenge in ecological research during the last decade. This has stimulated a rapid growth in research investigating the links between land-cover change and biotic interactions, but to date no study has evaluated the progress towards achieving this scie...

The ability of ecosystems to maintain their functions after disturbance (ecological resilience) depends on heterogeneity in the functional capabilities among species within assemblages. Functional heterogeneity may affect resilience by determining multiplicity between species in the provision of functions (redundancy) and complementarity between sp...

The effects of habitat fragmentation on plantÁanimal interactions may emerge at different spatial scales, depending on the species-specific perception response of the interacting animals. Furthermore, changes in habitat cover and configuration commonly occur simultaneously, hampering efforts to understand and mitigate the impact of fragmentation on...

Structural features of both habitat remnants and surrounding matrix can be important for explaining plant population dynamics and ecosystem functions in human-impacted landscapes. However, little is known about how the structural features of the adjacent matrix affect biotic interactions and whether such context effects are subject to temporal vari...

La destrucción y fragmentación de hábitats naturales están entre las principales causas de pérdida de biodiversidad en sistemas terrestres. En el caso de las plantas, la probabilidad de supervivencia de una gran mayoría de especies depende de como la fragmentación afecta a los organismos con los que éstas interactúan a lo largo de su ciclo reproduc...

Habitat fragmentation increases seed dispersal limitation across the landscape and may also affect subsequent demographic stages such as seedling establishment. Thus, the development of adequate plans for forest restoration requires an understanding of mechanisms by which fragmentation hampers seed delivery to deforested areas and knowledge of how...

Remnant trees within the non-forest matrix are common structures of forest landscapes which have high conservation value due to their supposed roles as biological legacies and stepping stones in fragmented forest scenarios. Fleshy-fruited remnant trees are dispersal foci for many forest plants, as seeds accumulate under their canopies after visitat...

The morphology of the third larval stage of Morica hybrida Charpentier, 1825 (Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae, Akidini) is described and illustrated. The description is based on diagnostic characters of Tenebrionidae classification on head, legs and ninth abdominal segment. The larva of Morica hybrida shows numerous affinities with previously described l...

The last larval stage of Heliotaurus ruficollis Fabricius, 1781 (Tenebrionidae: Alleculinae, Omophlini), a subterranean detritivore, is described in detail. The larva of H. ruficollis has the distinguishing characters of the subfamily Alleculinae and the tribe Omophlini, and it may be distinguished from the larvae of Omophlus species by the more ro...