Helga kromp-kolb

BOKU University | boku · Institute of Meteorology

GERMAN SUMMARY (English Summary further below): Die Zeit drängt. Ohne schnell wirksame Gegenmaßnahmen werden Erderhitzung und Biodiversitätsverlust Ausmaße annehmen, welche die Lebensweise von Menschen nicht abschätzbaren Risiken aussetzen. Obwohl die Herausforderungen weiten Teilen der Bevölkerung bewusst sind, werden dringend nötige Entscheidung...

Berlin, October 2, 2020 | Scientists for Future (S4F) confirm that the demands of Fridays for Future (FFF) on EU politics are factually necessary and scientifically justified. According to IPCC calculations , the EU27 will have a residual budget for emissions of 20 Gt CO from 2021 to limit global warming to a maximum of 1.5 degrees. An 80% reductio...

Das CCCA wurde gebeten eine Stellungnahme zum Factsheet „Kostenwahrheit CO2“ (Entwurfsversion 20.03.2020) des Bundesministeriums für Klimaschutz (BMK) abzugeben. Das BMK sucht im Sinne des Regierungsprogrammes Wege um Kostenwahrheit für CO2-Emissionen herzustellen. Das BMK orientiert sich dabei an der „Methodenkonvention 3.0“ des deutschen Umweltbu...

Anhand von zwei fiktiven Szenarien wird aufgezeigt, wie stark die Klimakrise die Welt prägen wird – und zwar sowohl wenn die globale Erwärmung weiter ignoriert wird, als auch wenn die zur Eingrenzung der Erwärmung auf 1,5 °C notwendigen Maßnahmen getroffen werden. Im ersten Fall mag dies in den nächsten Jahren in Europa noch nicht so deutlich werde...

Ziel des Ref-NEKP ist im Sinne guter wissenschaftsseitiger Praxis im Dialog zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik keinen Plan vorzulegen, der vorgibt, was politisch zu machen sei, sondern mögliche Umsetzungswege darzustellen, mit denen Österreich wirklich seinen fairen und angemessenen Beitrag zu den Pariser Klimazielen erreichen kann (Stichwort policy...

Ziel des Ref-NEKP ist im Sinne guter wissenschaftsseitiger Praxis im Dialog zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik keinen Plan vorzulegen, der vorgibt, was politisch zu machen sei, sondern mögliche Umsetzungswege darzustellen, mit denen Österreich wirklich seinen fairen und angemessenen Beitrag zu den Pariser Klimazielen erreichen kann (Stichwort policy...

Die Folgen des Klimawandels für die Gesundheit sind bereits heute spürbar und als zunehmende Bedrohung für die Gesundheit in Österreich einzustufen. Die stärksten Gesundheitsfolgen mit breiter Wirkung sind durch Hitze zu erwarten. Veränderungen in Ökosystemen begünstigen zudem das Auftreten von Pollenallergien und durch Vektoren übertragene Infekti...

Die Folgen des Klimawandels für die Gesundheit sind bereits heute spürbar und als zunehmende Bedrohung für die Gesundheit in Österreich einzustufen. Die stärksten Gesundheitsfolgen mit breiter Wirkung sind durch Hitze zu erwarten. Veränderungen in Ökosystemen begünstigen zudem das Auftreten von Pollenallergien und durch Vektoren übertragene Infekti...

The effects of climate change on health are already being felt today and can be classified as an increasing threat to health in Austria. The most severe and far- reaching effects to be expected are health impacts due to heat. Also changes in ecosystems which influence the distribution, frequency, types and severity of pollen allergies and vector-bo...

This is the pre-print of the Austrian Assessment Report on health, demography and climate change (ASR18) - summary for decision makers and synthesis; language German. English version is in preparation.

The effects of climate change on health are already being felt today and can be classified as an increasing threat to health in Austria. The most severe and far- reaching effects to be expected are health impacts due to heat. Also changes in ecosystems which influence the distribution, frequency, types and severity of pollen allergies and vector-bo...

A first part of the presentation is devoted to the consequences of the severe accident in the 1986 Chernobyl NPP. It lead to a substantial radioactive contaminated of large parts of Europe and thus raised the awareness for off-site nuclear accident consequences. Spatial patterns of the (transient) contamination of the air and (persistent) contamina...

Mit der Gründung des Climate Change Centre Austria (CCCA) haben Schlüsselinstitu tionen der österreichischen Klimaforschung einen Fahrplan vorge legt, wie die nationale Klimaforschung gefördert und koordiniert werden sollte. Mit seinen Organisationseinheiten will das CCCA praxisorientiertes Wissen bereitstellen und Wissenschaft, Politik und Öffentl...

flexRISK studies the geographical distribution of the risk due to severe accidents in nuclear facilities, especially nuclear power plants (NPP) in Europe. Starting with source terms and accident frequencies, the large-scale dispersion of radionuclides in the atmosphere is simulated for about 1,000 meteorological situations. Together with the subseq...

Remote sensing and GIS integrated geodata were used for the inventory of natural hazards affecting the safety of the NPP Mühleberg in Switzerland.

The influence of variability of atmospheric parameters on short- and long-term changes of spectral UV irradiance measured at the Sonnblick observatory (47.03° N, 12.57° E, 3106 m) during the period from 1994 to 2006 is studied. Measurements were performed with the Brewer #093 single-monochromator spectrophotometer and with a Bentham DM 150 spectror...

Factors affecting changes of spectral UV irradiance at the Sonnblick Observatory are studied. Spectral UV measurements at wavelengths from 290 nm to 400 nm performed during the period from 1994 to 2003 are used in this investigation. These measurements have been performed with a Brewer ozone single spectrophotometer and with a Bentham DM 150 spectr...

This paper presents local-scale climate change scenarios for temperature and precipitation at about thirty stations in Austria, based on IPCC IS92a emission scenarios whose effects on the climate system were calculated by use of the ECHAM4/OPYC3 global circulation model (GCM). The global temperature increase resulting from the IS92a scenarios lies...

This paper provides a review of stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE), with a focus on processes in the extratropics. It also addresses the relevance of STE for tropospheric chemistry, particularly its influence on the oxidative capacity of the troposphere. After summarizing the current state of knowledge, the objectives of the project Influence...

The present paper summarizes the results of SNOSP, a snow sampling program carried out in the Alps in the years from 1991 to 1993 in order to study the chemical composition of the high alpine snow pack. The paper briefly describes the sampling sites and the procedures used, focussing then on the geographical, seasonal and year to year variation of...

Regional risk assessments for the potential effects of climate change rely on plausible small-scale climate change scenario data. To bridge the gap between the coarse scale of general circulation models and the local scale of approximately 11000 sample sites of the Austrian National Forest Inventory (AFI), a seasonally stratified statistical downsc...

In a spatially explicit climate change impact assessment the modified patch model PICUS v1.2 was applied to simulate the transient response of current forests in Austria under three climate change scenarios which were based on regionalized GCM-scenario data. The forest model was initialized with ground-true stand and soil data from more than 2800 s...

A model system has been build up, consisting of the mesoscale meteorological fore- cast model MM5 and the chemical air-quality model CAMx. The coarse grid covers central Europe. By nesting, a spatial resolution of 3 km is reached for the core area, which includes the cities of Vienna (Austria) and Bratislava (Slovakia). In a first approach, the mod...

The research project “Vertical ozone transports in the Alps” (VOTALP), conducted between 1996 and 1998, investigated mechanisms that cause increased ozone concentrations in the Alps, focusing on vertical transport processes. The major aim of the project was to deepen our understanding of dynamics and chemistry of ozone in mountainous areas.

Two simple approaches for assessing global radiation in complex terrain are tested and compared. A parameterisation scheme for global radiation based on cloud cover observations was compared with interpolation of measured global radiation values from the Austrian climate observation network. Interpolation appears to be a useful method for a station...

The methodological framework of a large-scale risk assessment for Austrian forests under scenarios of climatic change is presented. A recently developed 3D-patch model is initialized with ground-true soil and vegetation data from sample plots of the Austrian Forest Inventory (AFI). Temperature and precipitation data of the current climate are inter...

Monitoring and sampling of air quality data is costly and labor intensive. The necessary efforts increase progressively with increasing accuracy requirements. Also loss of data because of instrument break down, data transmission failure, or service and calibrating procedures is more or less unavoidable. Calculation of characteristic parameters like...

Within the EUROTRAC subproject ALPTRAC the occurrence of reactive trace species at high-alpine sites was investigated. As a part of these studies, the transport of boundary layer air from the Po Valley, which is one potential major source region for air pollution in the Alps, to the high-mountain sites Sonnblick (3106m) in Austria and Jungfraujoch...

International treaties on liability in the case of nuclear accidents set a limit on the repair payments to be made by the operators of nuclear power plants to countries adversely affected by nuclear fall-out which is independent of the actual risk incurred by the individual countries. A map of the risk due to beyond design base accidents of nuclear...

A deterministic Lagrangian photochemical air quality simulation model was developed at the Institute of Meteorology and Physics in Vienna. As the analysis of model uncertainty is an important part of the validation strategy, a local sensitivity and a global uncertainty analysis for model output was done. The effects of meteorological input and phys...

Atmospheric concentrations of ozone, nitric acid and particulate nitrites were measured during photochemically active periods in summer 1986 and 1987 near Vienna, Austria. Field data were taken on tower stations at different levels. On a summit 575 m asl and 10 km downwind of Vienna peak 4-h averages of 139 ppb ozone, 5.1 ppb nitric acid and 3.3 pp...

SNOWMET was designed as a meteorological support study data for ALPTRAC. Its aims were thus related to the meteorological interpretation of the field measurements made by the other groups, including investigation of source areas and the role of vertical transport process (boundary layer versus free troposphere). Synoptic-scale trajectories were com...

An inventory of soil nitric oxide (NO) emissions for Europe was developed. The emission of NO was parameterized using empirical relationships with type of landuse, fertilization rate of agricultural areas and soil temperature. For the year 1994, it was estimated that annual soil NO emissions in the inventoried area amounted to 535 kt NON yr−1, i.e...

A multiple linear regression model, based on the predicted maximum temperature for the next day and the maximum 3 hour mean ozone concentration of the current day as independent variables, is used to predict the next day's ozone maximum. Further improvements were achieved by including information derived from synoptic scale trajectories, as a third...

Planetary boundary layer (PBL) data such as friction velocities, surface sensible heat fluxes and PBL heights are needed for many applications in the fields of meteorology and environmental sciences. In this study, small scale boundary layer variations shall not be considered. Instead of this, two methods for deriving boundary layer data representa...

This paper discusses some of the uncertainties that influence kinematic trajectory calculations. The interpolation errors due to different interpolation schemes are examined by degrading high-resolution wind fields from a numerical weather prediction model with respect to space and time. Under typical circumstances, the greatest errors are due to t...

The EUROTRAC subproject ALPTRAC (High Alpine Aerosol and Snow Chemistry Study) is devoted to the investigation of air and snow pollution at high Alpine sites. The aerosol surface concentration is continuously recorded at Jungfraujoch (3450 m a.s.1., 7° 59’E, 46° 32’N) in the Swiss Alps and Sonnblick (3106 m a.s.1, 12° 57’E,47° 03’N) in the Austrian...

The present study evaluates the geographical distribution of risks due to severe accidents of commercial nuclear power plants in Europe. The indicator for risk defined in RISKMAP is based on the deposition of the long-lived radionuclide Cs-137. RISKMAP is based on simulations assuming repeated severe accidents with large releases of radionuclides i...