Helen Haugh

University of Cambridge | Cam · Cambridge Judge Business School

The aim of the SI is to bring to the fore the places in which cross-sector partnerships (CSPs) are formed; how place shapes the dynamics of CSPs, and how CSPs shape the specific settings in which they develop. The papers demonstrate that partnerships and place are intrinsically reciprocal: the morality and materiality inherent in places repeatedly...

The common good refers to contextual conditions that contribute to human wellbeing and flourishing, such as prosperous communities and environmental sustainability. In this paper, we consider how entrepreneurship impacts society by investigating the generalized outcomes of social entrepreneurship on the common good. From a qualitative study of ten...

Necessity entrepreneurship (NE) describes the process of venturing a business out of need when alternative options are seemingly absent. Whereas prior research typically understands NE to be a homogenous construct, recent theorizing suggests the possibility of NE heterogeneity. In this paper we employ Sen’s capability approach to elicit NE variety....

Plain English Summary Headline: The more social enterprises focus on both commercial and social goals, the more successful they are in improving their social innovation performance. Social innovation refers to new products, processes, and services that respond to a range of social challenges such as poverty, inequality, homelessness, health, and en...

How social structures and relations influence entrepreneurship is an enduring puzzle. The history of land ownership in Scotland is marked by tensions between the institutional legacy of private landlordism and community embeddedness in place. In this paper, I examine the development of a community venture that was established to buy and commit land...

Cross-sector social collaborations are increasingly recognised as valuable inter-organizational arrangements that seek to combine the commercial capabilities of private sector companies with the deep knowledge of social and environmental issues enrooted in social sector organizations. In this paper we empirically examine the configurations of condi...

Employing population ecology theory, we examine social enterprise population emergence in the UK after 2005 when a new organizational form for social enterprise was established. Our density dependence analysis of nearly seven thousand community interest companies finds that survival is positively influenced by age and population densities of both o...

Participatory governance is upheld as a fundamental organizing principle in community entrepreneurship. This paper brings new insights from a case study that investigated how governance structures, processes, and practices, and divergent community interests influence community venture opportunity exploitation. We find that while community stakehold...

This SI seeks to expand our understanding of the multi-level conceptualizations, creativity and contexts that define the processes involved in addressing complex social and environmental problems including, but not limited to, COVID-19, food insecurity, poverty, gender inequality, climate change, biodiversity loss, sustainable energy production, an...

Scholarly interest has turned to the societal challenges of inequality (Tilly, 1998), poverty (Thorp et al., 2005) and social exclusion (Colquitt and George, 2011) and a growing body of research claims that system-wide transformations are required to address such grand challenges (Seyfang and Haxeltine, 2012). Throughout their lives, women are trea...

Purpose This paper aims to explain the development of the social economy by analyzing when, why and how the community interest company (CIC) legal structure was established in the UK. The CIC legal structure was designed for social enterprise to ensure that company assets are committed to public benefit in perpetuity. Design/methodology/approach T...

We introduce the papers in this special issue by providing an overarching perspective on the variety in kinds of commons and the ethical issues stemming from their diversity. Despite a long history of local commons management, recent decades have witnessed a surge of scholarly interest in the concept of “the commons,” including a growing management...

Social enterprise hybrids adopt financially sustainable business strategies to achieve social sector success – they thus combine aspects of two or more categories of organizations. In doing so they face a legitimacy struggle in that by seeking to comply with expectations associated with both the private sector and the social sector, often conflicti...

For this paper we investigated refugee entrepreneurship in the Dadaab refugee camps, Kenya, a place where humanitarian aid practices and domestic legislation impede entrepreneurship, yet hundreds of new ventures have been established by refugees. The analysis finds that refugee camp entrepreneurs erode formal institutions, recombine conducive aspec...

A new economy is emerging, one populated by enterprises born to put people and planet first. These businesses are a stark contrast to today’s mainstream businesses, who largely remain trapped in a model of profit-primacy. Based on new research, this report uncovers insights from one of the most global and deep-rooted communities of mission-led en...

Enabling domestic entrepreneurship is one pathway for alleviating poverty. In developing economies, however, public policies prioritize health and education above entrepreneurship promotion. While international development funding has traditionally supported social and environmental interventions, more recent corporate philanthropic funding has bee...

Why do social entrepreneurs retain their faith in social entrepreneurship despite the organizational tensions and anxieties inherent to this field of practice? In this article, we employ the psychoanalytic concept of fantasy to advance knowledge on social enterprise creation. The research analyses qualitative data relating to the adoption of the Co...

The research on prosocial organizing is undeniably broad, with studies examining enterprises that embody a variety of organizational forms, pursue a wide range of social goals, and face numerous internal and external challenges. Qualitative and quantitative research methods have both been used, and arguments have been developed that touch on almost...

Hybrid organizational forms combine values and practices from different institutional domains, rendering them difficult to fit neatly into the structures of extant organizational forms. Since the work required to institutionalize a new hybrid organizational form may be beyond the resources and capabilities of individual organizations acting alone,...

This study investigates barriers to social enterprise growth. The research employs qualitative case study data gathered from young social enterprises to examine the interplay between social enterprise and individual, organizational and institutional barriers to growth. We find that social enterprise barriers to growth are based on values difference...

As Adam Smith memorably observed, commerce is replete with positive externalities (Smith, 1776). Much good comes to societies in which profit-seeking entrepreneurship flourishes, including gainful employment and the generation of income for expenditure on life’s necessities and luxury goods and services. Alas, the externalities are not always posit...

This study investigates barriers to social enterprise growth. The research employs qualitative case study data gathered from young social enterprises to examine the interplay between social enterprise and individual, organizational and institutional barriers to growth. We find that social enterprise barriers to growth are based on values difference...

We examine an organizational form that has received little attention despite its social significance – the refugee camp. From an in-depth case study of the Dadaab refugee camp in Kenya we explain how these organizations maintain social stability even though refugees live for decades in them and are deprived of the freedom to move or work outside th...

Hybrid organizational forms combine values and practices from different institutional domains, rendering them difficult to fit neatly into the structures of extant organizational forms. Since the work required to institutionalize a new hybrid organizational form may be beyond the resources and capabilities of individual organizations acting alone,...

This paper investigates the emergence of institutional voids. Whereas voids have been defined as spaces lacking institutions, we contribute to more recent understandings of voids as contexts of institutional abundance by identifying three types of institutional voids: paralysis, ambiguity and incongruence. Paralysis refers to contexts in which domi...

Prior research on temporal coordination has focused on social rhythms that are created and modified by human action. The temporal patterns of biophysical rhythms, which are not as easily controlled, are not usually discriminated from social rhythms. The temporal coordination of biophysical rhythms relative to social rhythms is particularly relevant...

Situating our research in paradox theory, we identify the conflicting demands encountered by social entrepreneurs and the strategies they adopt to respond. Using qualitative data gathered from 28 social entrepreneurs, we identify the learning, organizing, performing, and entrepreneur paradoxes they encounter. Our analysis finds that social entrepre...

Entrepreneurship is increasingly considered to be integral to development; however, social and cultural norms impact on the extent to which women in developing countries engage with, and accrue the benefits of, entrepreneurial activity. Using data collected from 49 members of a rural social enterprise in North India, we examine the relationships be...

This study examines how co-agglomeration (or collocation) of entrepreneurial firms in related industries influences cluster growth. Two types of effects are considered that may drive collocation: the inheritance of capabilities from local incumbents by spinout founders; and agglomeration benefits stemming from local access to supply-side spillovers...

We draw on theories relating to new market creation, social movements and rhetoric to investigate how the meaning of the new market category of fair trade was created and communicated to audiences. Originating from the alternative trade social movement of the 1970’s, fair trade has risen to prominence over the last decade: sales of fair trade goods...

How do entrepreneurs select their chosen organizational form? In this paper we adopt a novel theoretical perspective to examine how social entrepreneurs choose between alternative forms. We employ the concept of aspirational fantasy to explain organizational form choice and illustrate the value of this approach with qualitative, empirical data from...

The impacts of the global economic crisis of 2008, the intractable problems of persistent poverty and environmental change have focused attention on organizations that combine enterprise with an embedded social purpose. Scholarly interest in social enterprise (SE) has progressed beyond the early focus on definitions and context to investigate their...

Since the late 20th Century new organizational forms for community based enterprise have been established by legislatures in North America and at least ten countries in Europe. These new legal forms have received little focused attention in the organizational and management literature yet explanations for their emergence and orientation have import...

Drawing on a multi-sited ethnography, we investigate how actors make sense of time when they encounter different temporal perspectives. Our empirical context is Fairtrade-certified tea production in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. We present how Fairtrade influences the patterns and interpretations of time in African tea growing communities through te...

One of the defining features of economic globalization is the tying together of the fates of people in the economic North and South in new and complex ways. Interest in ethical certification of product sourcing and processing emerged in the middle of the 20th century in responses by the North to the plight of the desperately poor in the South. Fair...

Using concepts derived from strategic entrepreneurship, this article discusses small firm growth models and investigates the determinants of small firm growth in Ghana. The study develops hypotheses that relate firm growth to investment in research and development, human capital, social capital, innovation and exporting. Using data from a sample of...

Purpose The purpose of this article is to review the importance of theory in social enterprise research. Design/methodology/approach The article presents and relates previous work on theory borrowing, theory extension and theory generation to social enterprise research. Findings Theoretical embeddeness and social relevance are important for the l...

This chapter presents insights into the impact of subsidiarity-informed governance reforms introduced in Lombardy in 1995 (regional law no. 31/1997). This is achieved by exploring the impact of the governance reforms on the structure, services, and stakeholders in health services in the Lombard region. Secondary information about the governance ref...

Third-sector organizations have been described as intermediate organizations (Evers, 1995) in mixed economies (Ben-Ner & van Hoomissen, 1991) that are situated in the interstices between the private and the public sector. This curious mode of defining a group of organizations in terms of something they are not has created a rich field of opportunit...

Purpose – The aim of this chapter is to analyse the discourse associated with, and preceding the establishment of, the community interest company (CIC) legal format in the United Kingdom in 2005. The analysis identifies the political, ideological, social and economic meta-narratives that are embedded in five key texts from which the CIC emerges and...

Purpose – This chapter introduces the contents of the volume and provides an editorial overview of the origins of the concept of the Third Sector, methodologies employed by contributors, how contributions address different organizational forms, issues of critique within the volume, and the benefits of the contributions for researchers and practitio...

Company action to implement sustainable management solutions implicitly assumes that managers and employees are aware of and implement corporate sustainability policies and procedures. However this assumption can be a leap of faith-many employees may be unaware of sustainability issues beyond their immediate work responsibilities. We explore how te...

Current theorizations of bricolage in entrepreneurship studies require refinement and development to be used as a theoretical framework for social entrepreneurship. Our analysis traces bricolage's conceptual underpinnings from various disciplines, identifying its key constructs as making do, a refusal to be constrained by limitations, and improvisa...

It is now generally acknowledged that all organizations operate in a relational context (Oliver, 1990), and the trend for more partnerships, either within or between sectors, is well established (Googins and Rochlin, 2000; Gray, 2000). The majority of social enterprises that operate in the UK are small and their capacity to generate social value is...

Di Domenico M., Tracey P. and Haugh H. Social economy involvement in public service delivery: community engagement and accountability, Regional Studies. This paper considers the policy changes that have led to the outsourcing of contracts for the delivery of public services in the UK, with a focus on the role of social economy organizations. Specif...

We introduce a new hybrid approach to joint estimation of Value at Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) for high quantiles of return distributions. We investigate the relative performance of VaR and ES models using daily returns for sixteen stock market indices (eight from developed and eight from emerging markets) prior to and during the 2008 fi...

We augment social exchange theory with dialectical theory to build a framework to examine corporate—social enterprise collaborations. These cross-sector collaborations represent a novel form of political-economic arrangement seeking to reconcile the efficient functioning of markets with the welfare of communities. We propose that corporate-social e...

The addition of new enterprises to the economy has long been considered essential to economic growth. The process of venture creation in the private sector has been heavily researched and frequently modeled, although few models explain the process of nonprofit enterprise creation. Nonprofit social ventures pursue economic, social, or environmental...

This paper reviews the relationship between Labour's economic policy and the third sector. Since 1997, the third sector has received significant government support and has gradually moved from the economic periphery towards the centre such that it is now instrumental in the delivery of a range of government policies. It operates alongside both the...

The study reported in this chapter examines the outcomes and impact of social entrepreneurship (SE). The extent of entrepreneurial activity in an economy can be measured in terms of antecedents (contextual factors associated with entrepreneurship), process (the extent of opportunity spotting and resource acquisition) and outcomes.

The increased interest in social and community enterprises, and their role in social and economic regeneration, has been underlined by the publication, on July 23, 2002, of the Social Enterprise Strategy by the UK Government.[11. DTI, 2002, Social Enterprise: A Strategy for Success. retrieved 05.08.02 www.dti.gov.uk/social enterprise View all refer...

In this article we argue that the emergence of a new form of organization – community enterprise – provides an alternative mechanism for corporations to behave in socially responsible ways. Community enterprises are distinguished from other third sector organisations by their generation of income through trading, rather than philanthropy and/or gov...

Descriptive and univariate methods are used to examine the diffusion of information communication technology (ICT) into firms located in Scotland and northern England between 1998 and 2001. Data consisted of a sample of 1,347 firms collected from a larger survey entitled "Survey of Enterprise in Scotland and Northern England." Results indicated tha...

Purpose – To study the nature of social entrepreneurship from the viewpoint of activities associated with the perception of opportunities to create social value and the creation of social purpose organizations to pursue them. Design/methodology/approach – The ways in which social enterprises adopt financially sustainable strategies to pursue socia...

Regional development is traditionally evaluated in economic terms, such as job creation, sales turnover and profit generation; however such measures fail to acknowledge the broader social and environmental contribution of entrepreneurship to the economy. Social enterprises are businesses that trade for a social purpose, they aim to achieve social a...

This paper presents the findings from an ethnographic study of organizational culture and shared values in four smaller firms, the outcome of which was the identification of the cultural values shared between owner–managers (OMs) and employees in each firm. The research employed Schein's conceptualization of culture as a three-layer phenomenon, con...

This article uses the concept of organisational culture and shared values as a means of analysing the internal operating environment of four smaller firms, each of which has a family dimension to its ownership and management. The shared values of a sense of belonging, honesty, loyalty, trust and respect were pieced together from multiple data sourc...

This paper discusses the practical impact of recent European Union (EU) hygiene legislation on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the fish-processing industry in north-east Scotland. Using data gathered via participant observation and in-depth interviews, the paper reveals the attitudes and responses from four SMEs to the most recent EU h...

The whisky industry of Scotland originates from the 15th Century when in 1494 the earliest record of distilling in Scotland was documented (www.scotch-whisky.org.co). Since then the whisky industry has developed to become an intrinsic part of Scottish life and today generates vital employment opportunities and export revenue for the country. The re...

Investigates an example of group entreprenuership as found in a project promoting social and economic regeneration in economically fragile communities in north east Scotland. Encouraging entrepreneurship in community groups is the basis of the Villages in Control (ViC) project introduced in north east Scotland in 1993. ViC was a joint initiative be...

The benefits of entrepreneurship and innovation for developing countries are potentially enormous, but this is an area which has been relatively under-researched. This paper seeks to contribute to our understanding of entrepreneurship and innovation in Africa by analysing responses from 500 entrepreneurs in Ghana to compare seven measures of innova...

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brunel University, 1999.