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Publications (86)
In this chapter, we report on the use of edible noncrop plants in the Tseltal context of Chilón, their location, harvest seasonality, management, and culinary uses.
La meliponicultura es un legado presente en la vida rural en Nicaragua que se encuentra en riesgo de desaparecer por la pérdida de diversidad biocultural. Ésta sostiene vínculos socioecológicos indispensables para la agricultura campesina y la reproducción de la vida. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el estado de la meliponicultura en Nicara...
Desde su origen en una “toma de tierras” realizada como práctica de un curso de agroecología, el Aula-Huerto ECOSUR (AHE) ha evolucionado constantemente. Esta investigación sistematiza la experiencia del huerto a través de entrevistas etnográficas y revisión documental para analizar críticamente sus aportes a las áreas sustantivas de investigación,...
In recent years, a great deal of evidence has accumulated on the health risks and environmental impacts of some herbicides. Both conventional agriculture and agroecology are searching for alternatives to address the challenges posed by the consequences of herbicide use. In this search, peasant and indigenous agroecosystems have much to contribute s...
L’écologie politique latino-américaine est un cadre théorique pour penser les relations société- nature et la transition écologique qui a émergé au cours des 25 dernières années et représente aujourd’hui un véritable courant de référence dans le monde luso- hispanophone. Cet article présente la trajectoire et les ramifications de ce cadre théorique...
Introduction
Stingless bee breeding, also called Meliponiculture, has existed for thousands of years in Mesoamerica among a variety of rural and indigenous cultures. Due to its biocultural importance, it represents a perfect device for agroecological education and scaling, as well as pollinator conservation. At the same time, promoting agroecologic...
Hay un consenso generalizado sobre la necesidad del escalonamiento agroecológico como alternativa a la crisis generada por la insostenibilidad del modelo de agricultura industrial y más aún en el contexto actual de pandemia sanitaria. Sin embargo, transicionar de la producción convencional a la agroecológica es un desafío teórico, metodológico y pr...
Uno de los principales retos que enfrenta la agroecología es el lograr que la propuesta que representa llegue a cada vez más personas en un territorio determinado; a ello se le nombra escalamiento o masificación. En este capítulo se presentan experiencias prácticas y teóricas de México y otras partes del mundo que analizan cómo lograr la masificaci...
Social movements are using education to generate critical consciousness regarding the social and environmental unsustainability of the current food system, and advocate for agroecological production. In this article, we explore results from a cross-case analysis of six social movements that are using education as a strategy to advance food sovereig...
En este artículo se analiza el significado de los mercados agroecológicos a partir de las experiencias de la Red de Mercados Agroecológicos Campesinos y la Federación Campesina de Mercados Agroecológicos en Colombia. Para ello se utilizó el método de estudio de caso, con entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas. El análisis se basó en la triangula...
A persistent problem in the dominant agricultural development model is the imposition of technologies without regard to local processes and cultures. Even with the recent shift towards sustainability and agroecology, initiatives continue to overlook local knowledge. In this article we provide analysis of agroecological soil management in the Maya-A...
La agroecología ha ganado impulso como movimiento trasformador en muchos países y ha crecido más allá de experiencias locales aisladas. La cantidad de familias y comunidades que procesan distribuyen y consumen alimentos que se produce de forma agroecológica va en aumento. Para entender el proceso no lineal y mul-tidimensional que ha facilitado la e...
Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre la defensa, conservación y recuperación de semillas con el escalamiento de la agroecología. Mediante un diseño de estudio de caso cualitativo se recabó información en dos organizaciones locales en Colombia: Custodios de Semillas de Riosucio (departamento de Caldas) y la Red Agroecológ...
En este documento examina la ampliación de las prácticas agroecológicas en el territorio maya achí de Guatemala. Comparamos este caso con otros documentados en la literatura, así como los factores clave o “impulsores” importantes para su escalamiento. Hemos constatado la complejidad de sus factores impulsores y que estos, como los métodos construct...
We explore potential and limitations for agroecological scaling through formal educational structures, using the LabVida school gardens program in Chiapas, Mexico as a case study. Through LabVida training, educators gained an appreciation of agroecology and were able to apply agroecological practices in their school gardens, although their understa...
Agroecology needs to increasingly integrate feminist contributions to understand and transform power relations in food systems. This study is based on the participation in and analysis of meetings led by women from different territories in Latin America and the Caribbean, in 2018 in Chiapas (Mexico), in which they addressed problems and alternative...
En este documento se presentan enfoques desarrollados en colaboración entre academiques y actores del entorno escolar en Chiapas, México, en un proyecto de investigación-acción participativa de 2017 que buscó poner en perspectiva el consumo de refrescos con el de una bebida "tradicional" de maíz, el pozol, y explorar formas de aumentar el consumo d...
For centuries the indigenous people of Guatemala have sought ways to preserve identity and defend their communities under repression and systemic inequality and racism. Since the official end of the thirty-six-year armed conflict in the late 1990s, a number of local organizations and political platforms have taken root, with the objective to bring...
El consumo de alimentos no industriales en México está sujeto a presiones sociales y económicas que conducen a su abandono. Este texto lo elaboramos entre dos maestras de secundaria, un estudiante de doctorado y una agroecóloga, buscando explorar las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cómo está cambiando el consumo de bebidas en las nuevas generaciones? ¿Son c...
The Food Collection Species (EAR) are the set of foods (herbs, fruits, seeds, flowers and animals) that grow naturally and are part of the diet of different cultural groups. These foods allow the conservation of biodiversity, offer the possibility of diversifying the consumption of food and have healthier diets. Mexico is one of the countries with...
Because cities concentrate 50% of the world’s population, and are experiencing a re-emergence of urban agriculture, we investigated the influences of urban agriculture and surrounding natural areas on floral visitors (bees, wasps, butterflies and flies) and plant species in San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Mexico.
Throughout the frost, dry and rainy sea...
Social movements are using education to generate critical consciousness regarding the social and environmental unsustainability of the current food system, and advocate for agroecological production. In this article, we explore results from a cross-case analysis of six social movements that are using education as a strategy to advance food sovereig...
Objetivo: analizar la soberanía alimentaria como proceso social y con base en un estudio de caso en La Trinitaria, Chiapas. Metodología: se aplicó una metodología de sistematización participativa de la experiencia de capacitación en agroecología en el Centro de Formación de Aprendizaje para el Desarrollo Campesino e Indígena (CEFADECI), escuela pop...
In Mexico, industrially grown and transformed foods have seen their consumption explode over the past half-century and soft drinks embody an emblematic example of the impact these shifts can have on health, traditional foodways, and family agriculture. This study compared the role of sodas with a traditional maize beverage, pozol, in the state of C...
La agroecología como movimiento trasformador ha ganado impulso en muchos países a nivel mundial. En varios casos, la implementación de prácticas agroecológicas ha crecido más allá de experiencias locales aisladas. La cantidad de familias y comunidades procesando, distribuyendo y consumiendo comida producida de forma agroecológica está creciendo. Co...
We explore potential and limitations for agroecological scaling through formal education, using the LabVida school gardens program in Chiapas, Mexico as a case study. Through LabVida training, educators gained an appreciation of agroecology and learned to apply agroecological practices, although their understanding of agroecological principles and...
In this paper we examine processes of scaling agroecological practices in the Maya-Achí territory of Guatemala. We compare the Achí case to other examples documented in the literature and the key factors, or “drivers,” reported as important if not essential for scaling to occur. We find that the Achí scase is complex with regard to these drivers. F...
Although the possibility of achieving food sovereignty in urban environments is controversial, we believe that food sovereignty is attainable. In this work we propose a methodology for evaluating it, then test that proposal using San Cristóbal de Las Casas as a case study. For this purpose, we used a participatory methodology to construct a system...
By evaluating two grassroots organizations that belong to the Red de Semillas Libres de Colombia (RSLC; Free Seed Network of Colombia), we show how the recovery, conservation, and defense of native and creole seeds have two types of effects on agroecological scaling. The first is a horizontal or scaling out effect, given that these activities invol...
Agroecología en femenino. Reflexiones a partir de nuestras experiencias, es una publicación conjunta de la Sociedad Científica Latinoamericana de Agroecología
(SOCLA) y el Grupo de Trabajo “Mujeres, Agroecología y Economía Solidaria” de CLACSO. Coordinado por Gloria Patricia Zuluaga, Gerogina Catacora-Vargas y Emma Siliprandi, en él encontramos nar...
Introducción La participación y visibilización de las mujeres es indispensable para el avance y escalamiento de la agroecología (Mier y Terán et al. 2018). En este capítulo se abordan la situación y el posicionamiento de las agroecólogas en los ámbitos académicos y científicos, así como algunas contribuciones a partir de la experiencia de la Alianz...
La participación clave de las mujeres en huertos escolares de México. Reflexiones en torno a sus motivaciones, retos y aprendizajes Introducción Desde la consolidación de la institución escolar en la modernidad occidental, el papel desempeñado por la educación formal en la reproducción del sistema socio-político, cultural y económico dominante ha s...
Urban gardens are a prominent part of agricultural systems, providing food security and access within cities; however, we still lack sufficient knowledge and general principles about how to manage pests in urban agroecosystems in distinct regions. We surveyed natural enemies (ladybeetles and parasitoids) and conducted sentinel pest removal experime...
Agroecology as a transformative movement has gained momentum in many countries worldwide. In several cases, the implementation of agroecological practices has grown beyond isolated, local experiences to be employed by ever-greater numbers of families and communities over ever-larger territories and to engage more people in the processing, distribut...
In cities throughout the world, people are taking steps to develop just, sustainable alternatives to the dominant food system. These initiatives pose questions which, to be answered, require new theoretical approaches. This study makes use of Marx's concepts of ‘social metabolism’ and ‘metabolic rift’, as well as Altvater's analysis of forms of cap...
El presente libro contiene ideas (experiencias) sobre buenas maneras de trabajar la Seguridad y Soberanía Alimentaria (SSA), provenientes del trabajo concreto de organizaciones civiles en el sureste de México. Se ha creado para que lo usen aquellas organizaciones de la sociedad civil que quieran mejorar su práctica sobre sistemas alimentarios en co...
In the middle of the last century, there were two types of agronomic scientists in Mexico. One group perceived traditional agriculture as backward and in need of modernization with advanced technologies. The other group, engaged in intensive fieldwork, studied and found inspiration in peasant and indigenous systems. This latter group of researchers...
Across the globe, the countryside faces the " generation problem " : Who will grow food when the current generation of aging small farmers and peasants disappears? A combination of objective and subjective factors effectively discourages young people from assuming the continuity of peasant and family farming, especially in countries that have exper...
This paper analyzes how peasant movements scale up agroecology. It specifically examines Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), a grassroots peasant agroecology movement in Karnataka, India. ZBNF ends reliance on purchased inputs and loans for farming, positioning itself as a solution to extreme indebtedness and suicides among Indian farmers. The ZBNF...
The Spanish word formación can be translated as ‘training’ or ‘education’, but Latin American social movements use it as inspired by Che Guevara’s notion of ‘molding’ the values of the new woman and new man for egalitarian, cooperative social relations in the construction of a ‘new society’. This contribution presents findings on the dialectical li...
When coffee is grown under shade trees, as in Mexico and Guatemala, coffee landscapes are complex and offer a high diversity of plants to the bees. This study focuses on the manner in which bees adapt their foraging behavior as a function of variation in tree coverage on a landscape scale. Study sites were characterized by satellite images and cate...
Unlabelled:
Mexico, in recent decades, has developed several programs to eradicate the problem of infant malnutrition <5 years, primarily among those living in rural and indigenous areas. However, there is insufficient evidence on these programs’ impact on child health and nutrition.
Objective:
To describe the nutritional changes of two generati...
Here, we contribute to the debate surrounding the impact of international migration and remittances on agriculture. In 2011, we surveyed families with and without migrants in four rural communities in Chiapas regarding their farming practices. We also sampled agrobiodiversity on the land managed by a subset of each group. Contrary to our expectatio...
Con este artículo se pretende contribuir al debate sobre el impacto de la migración internacional y de las remesas en la agricultura. Presentamos los resultados de una encuesta realizada en 2011 sobre agricultura, combinados con muestreos de agrobiodiversidad en parcelas de familias con y sin migrantes de cuatro comunidades campesinas de Chiapas. E...
While climate change adaptation policy has tended to focus on planned adaptation interventions, in many vulnerable communities, adaptation will consist of autonomous, “unplanned” actions by individuals who are responding to multiple simultaneous sources of change. Their actions are likely not only to affect their own future vulnerability, but, thro...
Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in L...
Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in L...
The objective of this work is to expose the opinions that consumers give about the quality of organic food and local food, so that we can know if this opinions are in the same line as the quality notions of the normative organic food or if independent values would take part in the act of choosing food. A questionnaire was made to 50 of the regular...
In 2005, torrential rains associated with Hurricane Stan devastated farm systems in southern Mexico. We present a case study on the impacts of and responses to Hurricane Stan by coffee households in three communities in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, with the objective of illuminating the linkages between household vulnerability and resilience....
Ante un modelo intensivo en el uso de agroquímicos y sus consecuencias en la salud y en el medio ambiente, los alimentos orgánicos emergen como una opción de producción sustentable y saludable para los consumidores. Este artículo expone los resultados de un estudio sobre los factores generales que organizan la representación social de los alimentos...
We studied the effects of land use changes on flow regime and water
chemistry of headwater streams in the highlands of Chiapas, a region
in southern Mexico that has experienced high rates of deforestation in
the last decades. Samples for water chemistry were collected and discharge
was measured between September 2007 and August 2008 at eight
stream...
This paper analyses the responses related to land use of coffee growers in Chiapas, Mexico to the impact of Hurricane Stan
(October 2005). A multi-temporal analysis of the effect on land cover was performed through the combination of unsupervised
classification of SPOT multispectral images and visual interpretation of panchromatic images (8months p...
The poor management of household and municipal waste is a threat to the sustainability of urban communities throughout the world, and also constitutes a missed opportunity for community and economic development. Additionally, many innovations in household solid waste management are never adopted because they do not take into account existing local...
This article is based on empirical work comparing perspectives on environmental changes between men and women, elderly, adult and young people in 4 communities in the highlands of Chiapas. Qualitative methods were used for fieldwork, especially semistructured interviews and workshops. The participants identified as the most urgent problems declini...
To truly understand the current status of tropical diversity and to forecast future trends, we need to increase emphasis on the study of biodiversity in rural landscapes that are actively managed or modified by people. We present an integrated landscape approach to promote research in human-modified landscapes that includes the effects of landscape...
Abstract 1. The host species used by a herbivorous insect may impose different selective pressures promoting host race formation, yet the presence of plasticity can potentially constrain host race formation.
2. The goal of this study is to determine if there is phenotypic plasticity in life history traits of Brevicoryne brassicae in response to hos...
This volume presents eighteen case studies of natural disasters from Australia, Europe, North America and developing countries. By comparing the impacts, it seeks to identify what moves people to adapt, which adaptive activities succeed and which fail, and the underlying reasons, and the factors that determine when adaptation is required and when s...
SUMMARY In the context of the international debate surrounding the un- der-representation of women in the sciences, unleashed by the ex-president of Harvard University, this paper presents a case study from a research center in Southeastern Mexico. Institu- tional databases tracking academic productivity were analyzed and a survey was conducted amo...
In the context of the international debate surrounding the under-representation of women in the sciences, unleashed by the ex-president of Harvard University, this paper presents a case study from a research center in Southeastern Mexico. Institutional databases tracking academic productivity were analyzed and a survey was conducted among researche...
The purpose of this study was to identify wild vertebrate species causing damage in corn crops at the Lacandon Forest of Chiapas, Mexico, and to estimate and compare losses in corn plots with different traits, such as water availability, dead trees, shape, slope, sowing date, distance to towns, and presence of adjacent corn crops. Twenty-two corn p...
Los propósitos de este trabajo fueron identificar las especies de vertebrados silvestres causantes de daños en la Selva Lacandona de Chiapas, México, y estimar y comparar las pérdidas en parcelas con distintas características como vegetación adyacente, disponibilidad de agua, árboles muertos, forma, pendiente, fecha de siembra, distancia a poblados...
Three new types of traps designed and made by farmers were evaluated for capture of Idiarthron subquadratum Saussure & Pictet. Bag, sack, and fabric traps were compared with previously used bamboo internode traps. A participatory methodology was used involving farmer interviews and workshops to design and make the traps. Farmer participation was us...
Small farmers' perceptions of coffee Coffea arabica L. herbivores and their natural enemies, how those perceptions relate to field infestation levels, and pest management practices being implemented by members from two organic and nonorganic coffee grower organizations in the Soconusco region, southeastern Mexico, were analyzed through an interview...
We compared post-agricultural succession across the range of farming activities practiced in Guatemala's northern lowlands: agroforestry, swidden, ranching, and input-intensive monocultures. At 10 sites over 13 to 40 months we assessed the following characteristics of trees and shrubs that were>1 cm diameter at breast height: height, basal-area acc...
Based on current agroecological theory and IPM practices, this review explores the role of traditional practices, involving
site selection, soil management, timing of planting and harvesting, crop resistance, intercropping, weed management, harvest
residue management, post-harvest management, natural enemies management, mechanical control, repellen...
Cakchiquel farmers in Patzún, Guatemala stated that pest populations have increased in corn crops since they abandoned organic fertilization and adopted synthetic fertilizers. Given the dearth of scientific information about the effects of fertilization practices on pests, a controlled experiment was performed to elucidate these interactions. Pests...
Los Altos de Chiapas, M Ž x i c o, el repollo o col (Brassica oleracea v a r. C a p i t a t a) es uno de los cultivos hort'colas ms importantes. Este es afectado, p r i n c i p a l m e n t e,por el gusano de la col, Leptophobia aripa elodia Boisd.(Lepidoptera:Pieridae). El control de esta plaga se basa principalmente en el uso de insecticidas sintŽ...
Adoption of integrated pest management(IPM) practices in the Guatemalan highlands has beenlimited by the failure of researchers andextensionists to promote genuine farmer participationin their efforts. Some attempts have been made toredress this failure in the diffusion-adoptionprocess, but farmers are still largely excluded fromthe research proces...
Las Guias de Manejo Integrado de Plagas representan uno de los poductos finales del Proyecto MIP, en las que se resumen los resultados de las investigacione en fitoproteccion y manejo del cultivo, llevadas a cabo en Centroamerica y Panama en los cultivos de chile, maiz, repollo y tomate. Al poner a disposicion de las instituciones nacionales estas...
https://books.google.com/books?id=-nEOAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA80&lpg=PA80&dq=guia+para+el+manejo+integrado+de+plagas+del+cultivo+de+repollo&source=bl&ots=4nWpQDGaJw&sig=633LwBA-3qlbJTRbctKk2Pf-bKY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JEHaVKzqF8nYggS_h4CoBg&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=guia%20para%20el%20manejo%20integrado%20de%20plagas%20del%20cultivo%20de%20repollo&f=false
Las Guias de Manejo Integrado de Plagas representan uno de los poductos finales del Proyecto MIP, en las que se resumen los resultados de las investigacione en fitoproteccion y manejo del cultivo, llevadas a cabo en Centroamerica y Panama en los cultivos de chile, maiz, repollo y tomate. Al poner a disposicion de las instituciones nacionales estas...
Las Guias de Manejo Integrado de Plagas representan uno de los poductos finales del Proyecto MIP, en las que se resumen los resultados de las investigacione en fitoproteccion y manejo del cultivo, llevadas a cabo en Centroamerica y Panama en los cultivos de chile, maiz, repollo y tomate. Al poner a disposicion de las instituciones nacionales estas...
