Hazal Kandemir

• PhD
• Postdoctoral researcher at Leiden University CML

Trichophyton indotineae, formerly known as T. mentagrophytes internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotype VIII, has been recognized over the last decade due to its high virulence and resistance to treatment. Its accurate identification in routine mycology laboratories remains challenging, as it shares phenotypic traits and substantial rDNA ITS simila...

Species of Bisifusarium (previously the Fusarium dimerum species complex) have been associated with cheese fermentation and a wide range of opportunistic human infections, but they are generally regarded as saprotrophs. Bisifusarium spp. are also commonly isolated from soils and tissues of plants growing in arid climates. The genus is typically cha...

Medically important pathogenic fungi invade vertebrate tissue and are considered primary when part of their nature life cycle is associated with an animal host and are usually able to infect immunocompetent hosts. Opportunistic fungal pathogens complete their life cycle in environmental habitats or occur as commensals within or on the vertebrate bo...

The Fusarium lateritium species complex (FLSC) currently comprises 11 phylogenetic species, including accepted names such as F. lateritium , F. sarcochroum , and F. stilboides , which have mostly been reported in association with citrus and coffee. Many varieties were documented by Wollenweber & Reinking (1935), which is indicative of a wider diver...

Fungal primary pathogenicity on vertebrates is here described as a deliberate strategy where the host plays a role in increasing the species fitness. Opportunism is defined as coincidental survival of an individual strain in host tissue using properties that are designed for life in an entirely different habitat. In that case the host's infection c...

Two new Keratinophyton species, K. kautmanovae sp. nov. and K. keniense sp. nov., isolated from soil samples originating from two different geographical and environmental locations (Africa and Europe) are described and illustrated. Phylogenetically informative sequences obtained from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the nuclear larg...

The global diversity of fungi has been estimated between 2 to 11 million species, of which only about 155 000 have been named. Most fungi are invisible to the unaided eye, but they represent a major component of biodiversity on our planet, and play essential ecological roles, supporting life as we know it. Although approximately 20 000 fungal gener...

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Baobabopsis sabindy in leaves of Eragrostis spartinoides, Cortinarius magentiguttatus among deep leaf litter, Laurobasidium azarandamiae from uredinium of Puccinia alyxiae on Alyxia buxifolia, Marasmius pseudoelegans on well-rotted twigs and l...

The genus Sporendonema (Gymnoascaceae, Onygenales) was introduced in 1827 with the type species S. casei for a red mould on cheese. Cheese is a consistent niche for this species. Sphaerosporium equinum is another species classified in Gymnoascaceae and has also been reported from cheese. Recently, other habitats have been reported for both Sporendo...

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina, Neocamarosporium halophilum in leaf spots of Atriplex undulata. Australia, Aschersonia merianiae on scale insect (Coccoidea), Curvularia huamulaniae isolated from air, Hevansia mainiae on dead spider, Ophiocordyceps poecilometigena on Poecilom...

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina, Neocamarosporium halophilum in leaf spots of Atriplex undulata. Australia, Aschersonia merianiae on scale insect (Coccoidea), Curvularia huamulaniae isolated from air, Hevansia mainiae on dead spider, Ophiocordyceps poecilometigena on Poecilom...

Dermatophytes and other members of Onygenales are unique in their ability to degrade keratin, affecting hair and nails, and in the case of human hosts, causing skin infections. Subtillisins are essential proteases in keratin assimilation, and subtilisin-like protease 1 (SUB1) and SUB3-7 are specific for dermatophytes. eIF2α kinases are serine-threo...

The genus Sporendonema was introduced in 1827 with the type species S . casei . for a red mold on cheese. Cheese is a consistent niche for this species. Sphaerosporium equinum is another species classified in Gymnoascaceae ( Onygenales ) and has also been reported from cheese. Recently, other habitats have been reported for both Sporendonema casei...

The emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs and fungicides challenges human health and food security worldwide. We investigated the presence of fungi on the surface of stored apples, and addressed the ecological characteristics and importance of the Candida parapsilosis and Exophiala dermatitidis species complexes from a “One Health” persp...

Dermatophytes and other members of Onygenales are unique in their ability to degrade keratin, affecting hair and nails, and in case of human hosts cause infection of the skin. Subtillisins are essential proteases in keratin assimilation, and subtilisin-like protease 1 (SUB1) and SUB3–7 are specific for dermatophytes. eIF2α kinases are serine-threon...

Fungal infections of the skin, nails, and hair caused by dermatophyte species continue to be a worldwide concern. The increase in terbinafine-resistant superficial dermatophytosis has become a major concern over the last decade. In this report, we presented two cases of infection with terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton indotineae, the first diagnos...

The increase in terbinafine-resistant superficial dermatophytosis has become a major problem over the last decade. In this report, we present two cases of infection with terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton indotineae , a species diagnosed for the first time in Turkey. One of the patients harbored a CD36 mutation. Both strains harbored the same amino...

Poster session 3, September 23, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Objectives To evaluate the general taxonomy and phylogeny of the order Onygenales using ecological, morphological, and molecular data, stimulate awareness of correct identification of neglected groups in the order, and contribute to the stabilization of the nomenclature. Methods In total 97...

Seven Fusarium species complexes are treated, namely F. aywerte species complex (FASC) (two species), F. buharicum species complex (FBSC) (five species), F. burgessii species complex (FBURSC) (three species), F. camptoceras species complex (FCAMSC) (three species), F. chlamydosporum species complex (FCSC) (eight species), F. citricola species compl...

The order Onygenales is classifed in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung, and two lineages contain causative agents of superfcial, cutaneous and systemic infections in mammals. The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by the kerati...

Objectives: To present the demographic, etiological, clinical, and mycological characteristics and treatment results of fungal keratitis patients admitted to our clinic. Materials and methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with fungal keratitis between October 2012 and 2018 were reviewed. The diagnosis of fungal keratitis was confirm...

The order Onygenales is classified in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung, and two lineages contain causative agents of superficial, cutaneous, and systemic infections in mammals. The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by abiliti...

classification. Molecular characteristics show that T. mentagrophytes s. str. and T. interdigitale s. str. can be distinguished with difficulty from each other, but are unambiguously different from the Indian genotype, T. indotineae by sequences of the HMG gene. The entities were confirmed by multilocus analysis using tanglegrams. Phenotypic charac...

Four new Keratinophyton species (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Onygenales), K. gollerae, K. lemmensii, K. straussii, and K. wagneri, isolated from soil samples originating from Europe (Austria, Italy, and Slovakia) are described and illustrated. The new taxa are well supported by phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) r...

Dermatophytes (family Arthrodermataceae) are a group of fungi in the order Onygenales which have evolved relatively recently, almost exclusively with mammal hosts. The ecological subdivision in geophilic, zoophilic, and anthropophilic species broadly reflects their course of evolution. Homo sapiens is phylogenetically the most recent host. Evolutio...

Four new Keratinophyton species (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Onygenales), K. gollerae , K. lemmensii , K. straussii and K. wagneri , isolated from soil samples originating from Europe (Austria, Italy and Slovakia) are described and illustrated. The new taxa are well supported by phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS)...

The anthropophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans and its zoophilic counterpart T. equinum are phylogenetically closely related. The barcoding marker rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) shows limited variation between these two species. In the current study, we combined molecular approaches with phenotypic data to determine the species boun...

Dermatophytic granuloma characterized by perifollicular granulomatous inflammation was first described by Domenico Majocchi and was later named after him, Majocchi’s granuloma (MG). Although the initial description was related to a dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans, later reports linked MG to non-dermatophytes (Phoma, Aspergillus, Malbranchea), w...

Dermatophytes are among the most successful fungal pathogens in humans, but their virulence mechanisms have not yet been fully characterized. Dermatophytic fungi secrete proteases in vivo, which are responsible for fungal colonization and degradation of the keratinized tissue during infection. In the present study, we used PCR to investigate the pr...

PURPOSE Mycotic keratitis is a global ophthalmological problem because it is difficult to diagnose and treat. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficiency of using antifungal agents amphotericin B (AMB), voriconazole (VRC), 0.02% chlorhexidine (CHX), and a combination of riboflavin and UVA treatment against two fungal genera (Aspergi...

Objective: Owing to a lack of appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for mycotic keratitis, approximately one million cases of preventable corneal blindness are reported each year. The number of keratitis cases due to infection with Fusarium is increasing significantly worldwide and many cases are not treated adequately and in a timely m...

Owing to a lack of appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for mycotic keratitis, approximately one million cases of preventable corneal blindness are reported each year. The number of keratitis cases due to infection with Fusarium is increasing significantly worldwide, many of which are not treated adequately and in a timely manner due t...

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in addition to topical voriconazole in cases with mycotic keratitis. Design: Retrospective case series in a tertiary university hospital. Participants: CXL was performed on 13 patients with mycotic keratitis who presented poor or no response to topical voriconazole tre...

Majocchi’s granuloma (MG) is a rare fungal infection of the dermis that is mainly caused by dermatophytes (in ≥95% of cases); the most frequently identified cause is anthropophilic Trichophyton rubrum. In the rest of the cases, the causes are non-dermatophytic fungi such as Aspergillus species. This review aimed to provide information about the cur...

We investigated the clinical and mycological characteristics of four cases of mycotic keratitis caused by Aspergillus flavus that occurred from July 2014 to May 2015 at Çukurova University Hospital, Adana, Turkey. In a 10-month period, a total of 64 corneal smear/scrapings were examined from patients with suspected mycotic keratitis. Fungal culture...

Favus or tinea capitis favosa, is a chronic inflammatory dermatophytosis of the scalp. The disease is particularly common in children aged 6 to 10 years, more often in boys, and it also occurs in adults. Human-to-human transmission is therefore possible. Anthropophilic Trichophyton schöenleinii is responsible for over 95% of favus cases. In additio...

Mycotoxins are putative virulence factors of fungi that play an important role in the pathogenesis of fungal infections. Mycotoxin production has been used as a diagnostic marker for the early diagnosis of fungal diseases. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, we investigated whether the fungal strains recovered from eye tissue samples obta...

Although some studies have investigated the epidemiological characteristics of Malassezia folliculitis (MF), little is known about the clinical features and laboratory characteristics of folliculitis caused by other fungi. In this prospective study, 158 patients with folliculitis were identified, and cytological and mycological examinations were pe...

Z Favus veya tinea capitis favosa, saçlı derinin kronik, infl amatuar bir dermatofi tozudur. Hastalık özellikle çocukluk döneminde 6-10 yaş grubunda ve sıklıkla erkek çocuklarda yaygındır; ayrıca yetişkinlerde de görülür, bu nedenle bireyler arası bulaş olasıdır. Favus olgularının %95'inden fazlasından sorumlu olan tür antropofi lik Trichophyton sc...

Here, we describe a case of keratitis caused by Aspergillus terreus in an 80-year-old immunocompetent woman 1 month after uneventful cataract surgery. The patient presented with decreased visual acuity (20/50) and severe pain in her right eye. Examination revealed a 3.5 × 4.5 mm white-colored deep stromal infiltration located on the temporal cornea...