Hassan Hj Mohd Daud

• Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, MSc, PhD
• Professor (Associate) at Universiti Putra Malaysia

Introduction due to the fact that antimicrobial peptides antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from climbing perch have not been fully explored for their antimicrobial potency, this investigation was undertaken to explore that possibility. Methods antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from the mucous secretion of climbing perch were obtained and an in-vivo analys...

Malaysia is known as a country that experience two main seasonal patterns, i.e., monsoon and non-monsoon season. Three different categories of seasons based on the quantity of rainfall were divided by previous studies started from January to December 2018, which are dry season, moderate season and rainy season. Wild bivalve, Anadara cornea populati...

Paraquat is the most widely used herbicide in agricultural activities for land preparation and weed control. Uncontrolled usage and poor waste management will introduce the chemical into the aquatic ecosystem due to agricultural runoff, causing harm to non-targeted aquatic species, especially fish. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate th...

Aeromonas infections are becoming a serious risk issue in commercial aquaculture, and a wide range of fish and shellfish species has been documented as being vulnerable. Five isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were identified from African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) cultured in Selangor, West Malaysia in this study. A conventional rapid identificati...

Highlight ResearchThis is the first report of the occurrence of gregarine species in Peninsular Malaysia.The information of these findings will lead to the identification of species using genetic analysis.This information can help to solve the cultured problem of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii industry worldwide. AbstarctStudies on the parasite of p...

This study aims to estimate the economic loss due to vibriosis in the production of Asian seabass in floating net-cages on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Asian seabass has contributed significantly to Malaysia's economic activities and food security. However, its production can be hindered by the occurrence of diseases, such as vibriosis, c...

The control of fish disease is mostly based on synthetic antimicrobial agents. Indiscriminate usage of antimicrobial agents has resulted in antibiotics resistance. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the potential antimicrobial properties of herbal plants as an alternative antimicrobial agent. The susceptibility of fish pathogens namely B...

Malaysia is the world's major producer and exporter of ornamental fish, contributing 9% to the global trade and taking the second position after Singapore. Because of their artistic appeal and tremendous commercial value for international trade, ornamental fish recently gain rapid importance for foreign exchange and as a source of employment. While...

Simple Summary In this study, a chronic, seven-week study of the effect of technical grade glyphosate on the toxicity parameters of crossbred red tilapia (O. niloticus × O. mossambicus) was carried out. The results show that the bodyweight index was the most sensitive toxicity parameter wherein a reduction in body weight was observed at 25 mg/L of...

This study evaluated the short- and long-term effects of dietary supplementation with Enterococcus hirae strain UPM02 on the growth performance, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × Clarias macrocephalus) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. In the long-term trial, fingerling fish were fed diets containing 0 (...

Objective: Research about gregarine become important due to the problem reported by this parasite especially in commercial bivalve i.e. Oyster. Diagnose of these parasites are important to secure the aquaculture industry in the future. Due to the advanced technologies nowadays, this research regarding to these parasites are become relevant to be st...

Fish and other members of the aquatic habitats are usually in constant interaction with their habitat and potentially harmful pathogens. This study was undertaken to evaluate some of the immune components in the bioactive crude obtained from epidermal mucus of climbing perch. The enzyme activities were assessed using the spectrophotometer and turbi...

Groupers are popular aquaculture species in South‐East Asia, but their cultivation is affected by infectious disease outbreaks. Mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissues provide a first‐line defence against pathogens; however, few studies are available relating to cellular or proteomic responses of mucosal immunity in grouper. Skin, gill and intestine wer...

Gregarines are groups of protozoan parasites that ubiquitously infect arthropods worldwide including host from terrestrial and aquatic environment. To date, 1,600 gregarine species have been described, but less study for invertebrates have been recorded for these apicomplexan parasites. Wild marine bivalve species Anadara cornea (Reeve, 1844) popul...

Fish diseases are often caused either by bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or a combination of these pathogens. Of these, bacterial fish diseases are considered to be a major problem in the aquaculture industry. Hence, the prevention of such diseases by proper vaccination is one of the integral strategies in fish health management, aimed at redu...

This study was carried out to determine the potential of a biofilm vaccine of Streptococcus agalactiae in protecting tilapia from streptococcocal infection. The tilapia were vaccinated orally using the biofilm vaccine with 10⁹10¹⁰ CFU/g (FBV) incorporated in feed and killed whole-cell vaccine (FCV) of S. agalactiae also prepared in feed, and the un...

Immunological methods (e.g. FAT, IHC, ELISA) enable the rapid specific detection of fish pathogens. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method can also be used in serology (detection of pathogen-specific antibodies in the host fishes) as a means of disease surveillance programs in aquaculture. IHN, IPN and VHS are serious viral diseases in ra...

With intensification, Asian Sea bass are prone to infectious diseases such as vibriosis and Iridovirus that could lead to an additional costs in the grow-out cage culture system. Other costs include feed, fingerlings and antibiotics. To improve awarenes to the costs, the objective of this study is to estimate the costs of Asian Sea bass that includ...

Aim : Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition and histopathological features of brain tissues of Clarias gariepinus were investigated with a purpose to develop biomarkers for monitoring heavy metals. Methodology : The effects of cadmium toxicity on were assessed by ChE inhibition and characterisation of ChE by affinity chromatography and histological varia...

The link between quorum sensing in Vibrio campbellii and its virulence towards tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) was investigated using V. campbellii wild type and quorum‐sensing mutants with inactive quorum sensing or constitutively maximal quorum‐sensing activity, and signal molecule synthase mutants. The results showed that wild‐type V....

Grouper aquaculture industries have a high risk of being inflicted by bacterial diseases such as vibriosis. Various types of vaccines for vibriosis have been studied throughout the years, yet the potential of live attenuated vaccines remains unsubstantial. Correspondingly, this study attempts to develop a Vibrio harveyi protease deletion mutant int...

The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of sub-acute toxicity testing of copper sulphate (CuSO4), on behavioural, histological and biochemical changes of the Oreochromis mossambicus (black tilapia) blood tissues. The effects were assessed according to the previous results on sub-acute toxicity test after exposing fish to several concentr...

The gill is the site of acid-base balance, ionic regulation, gas exchange, and nitrogenous waste excretion by fish. The physiological, histopathological and enzymatic alterations from Clarias gariepinus gills were examined to assess the effects induced in gill tissues within 96 h exposure to waterborne Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 with different concentrations (...

Probiotics have been widely known to have the ability to improve the immune system of livestock and aquatic animal. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of Enterococcus hirae UPM01 (E1) and UPM02 (E2) on hematological parameters of juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus during pre-and post-challe...

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to assess the suitability of fenugreek seed meal (FKSM; Trigonella foenum‐graecum) to replace fishmeal (FM) in diets of African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Five isonitrogenous and iso‐energetic diets were formulated with increasing amounts of FKSM, at the expense of FM, at 0 (Control), 100 (FKSM100), 180 (FKSM1...

An investigation was conducted in order to determine the etiological factors of Fry Mortality Syndrome (FMS) that causes a serious economical loss in rainbow trout's farms in Iran and around the world. The increased number of farms and the improvement of culture techniques and facilities in Iran had boosted the annual production of trout from 280 t...

Epidermal mucus of fish contains a number of biologically active constituents including antimicrobial peptides that are continuously expressed and also engaged in provision of protection to the fish against injurious substances as well as potential pathogenic microbes. This study seeks to determine the hemolytic and antibacterial properties of crud...

Gills are both morphologically and physiologically complex whereby they perform several functions such as gas exchange, ion and water exchange, acid base balance, nitrogenous waste excretion, and other metabolic transformations. They are one of the first fish organs to be exposed to heavy metals in the aquatic environment. The exposure of Oreochrom...

Trauma is a common problem in Cownose Ray during mating season in both wild and captive rays. Enucleation is indicated when there is an ocular trauma. A 5-year-old female Cownose Ray (Rhinoptera bonasus) from Aquaria of Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (KLCC) was presented to University Veterinary Hospital (UVH), Universiti Putra Malaysia, with a com...

Groupers are dispersed worldwide in the tropical and subtropical waters. They are prized in the live reef fish trade, making them candidates with high market value and consumer demand. In the Asian-Pacific region, the brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) is widely adapted as an aquaculture species. However, health management remains a...

The tropical conch, Laevistrombus canarium (Linnaeus, 1758) and Canarium urceus (Linneaus, 1758) are ecologically and economically important shellfish species in Malaysia and neighboring region. Their populations, however are currently declining and this histopathological study investigates the aspect of parasitism and diseases that may affect thei...

The release of pollutants, especially heavy metals, into the aquatic environment is known to have detrimental effects on such an environment and on living organisms including humans when those pollutants are allowed to enter the food chain. The aim of this study is to analyse the damage to Clarias gariepinus’ liver caused by exposure to different c...

This study describes the isolation and pathogenicity of Streptococcus iniae in cultured red hybrid tilapia (Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus × Mozambique Tilapia O. mossambicus ) in Malaysia. The isolated gram‐positive S. iniae appeared punctiform, transparently white, catalase and oxidase negative and produced complete β‐hemolysis on blood agar,...

Grouper Iriovirus (GIV) is one of the most devastating viral diseases of marine and cultured groupers worldwide. In the current study, 5 presumptive Malaysian GIV isolates were characterised through PCR amplification of the major capsid protein (MCP) gene and phylogenetic analysis of the sequences. The sequences from the five GIV isolates showed 10...

This study investigated the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on digestive enzyme activities and short-chain fatty acid production in fish intestine, resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila and humoral immunity response by 3 experiments on Javanes carp (Puntius gonionotus). The experiment 1 revealed that diet supplemented with E.faecalis significant...

Background and objective: The problems of bacterial diseases in aquaculture are primarily controlled by antibiotics. Medicinal plants and herbs which are seemed to be candidates of replacements for conventional antibiotics have therefore gained increasing interest. Current study was performed to investigate the presence of phytochemical constituen...

Aphanomyces invadans is an oomycete fungus which causes Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) disease in wide range of fresh and brackish water fish worldwide imposing serious economic losses. A diagnostic procedure, based on a polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) was developed to detect infection of fish with the A.invadans. A set of primers (1APM...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is usually used as an inhibitive assay for insecticides. A lesser-known property of AChE is its inhibition by heavy metals. In this work, we evaluate an AChE from brains of Clarias batrachus (catfish) exposed to wastes from aquaculture industry as an inhibitive assay for heavy metals. We discovered that the AChE was inhi...

In this work we assess the potential of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from Oreochromis mossambicus (Toman) as a sensitive test for the presence of insecticides. The partial purification and characterization of a soluble AChE from Oreochromis mossambicus brain tissues using affinity chromatography gel (procainamide–Sephacryl S-1000) showed that the...

Aims: Quantitative screening of phytochemical properties and antimicrobial activities were done on some plants of importance in human medicine as traditional herbs to treat fish diseases in Malaysia. Six extracts of Vitex trifolia, Aloe vera, Strobilanthes crispus, Clinacanthus nutans, Pereskia grandifolia and Peperomia pellucida were determined fo...

Biofilms are aggregates of attached microbial organisms whose existence on tissues is often recognised as a mechanism for the establishment of most chronic diseases. Herein we investigated the ability of piscine Streptococcus agalactiae, an important aquatic pathogen, for adaptation to this sessile lifestyle in vitro and in the brain of a tilapia f...

Iridovirus is the causative agent of grouper iridovirus infection (GIV), which causes severe epizootics resulting in large-scale mortalities and huge economic losses in cultured and marine fishes worldwide. The current study evaluated the gross and histopathological lesions, and molecular detection of GIV in naturally infected grouper farms in Mala...

The present study was carried out to isolate, screen and evaluate potential candidates of local bacteria isolated from tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and slipper cupped oysters Crassostrea iredalei as probiotics in shellfish aquaculture. A total of 144 of bacteria were successfully isolated from the intestine and stomach of 20 tails of healthy adult...

Quorum sensing (QS) is bacterial cell-to-cell communication with small signal molecules such as acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL) that control a number of phenotypes including the regulation of virulence determinants in pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, quorum sensing degrader has been suggested as one of the biocontrol strategies to fight bacterial inf...

An investigation was conducted in order to determine the etiological factors of Fry Mortality Syndrome (FMS) that causes a serious economical loss in rainbow trout's farms in Iran and around the world. The increased number of farms and the improvement of culture techniques and facilities in Iran had boosted the annual production of trout from 280 t...

A study was carried out to determine the maximum intake of mosquitoes' larvae within a twenty four hours period by two species of indigenous Anabantoids. The species used were Betta pugnax and Betta anabantoides and for each species five adult male fish were used. The feeding of the mosquito larvae every twenty four hours period was observed contin...

Herbs and herb mixtures have been used as a growth promotant in livestock and aquaculture production. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary herbal mix comprised of Vitex trifolia (VTE), Strobilanthes crispus (SCE) and Aloe vera (AVE) on the growth performance, disease resistance and histology of Oreochromis sp. for 60 d...

This study investigated the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on digestive enzyme activities and short-chain fatty acid production in fish intestine, resistance against Aeromonas hydro-phila and humoral immunity response by 3 experiments on Javanes carp (Puntius gonionotus). The experiment 1 revealed that diet supplemented with E. faecalis significa...

Hematological and biochemistry parameters are essential for the evaluation of fish health status; it helps provide essential information to diagnose fish diseases. This experiment was conducted to investigate the affect of Streptococcus agalactiae infection on hematological and biochemical parameters in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). The fis...

A study was carried out to evaluate the probiotic activity of Bacillus subtilis G1 isolated from fermented pickles in growth performance and disease resistance of Hemibagrus nemurus fingerlings at Universiti Putra Malaysia. The probiotic was mixed in feed at doses of 0 (C, control), 3 x 109 (T1) 3 x 107 (T2) and 3 x 105 (T3) cfu g-1 and fed to the...

Catching of Mullet fishes have been varied in recent years and was increased from 2500 MT in 1991 to 6700 MT in 2002 but some reduction was observed such as 2700 MT in 2010 and 2151 MT in 2012. Mullet fishes always feeding from the bottom sea as detritus habits and have important role in the filtration of nutrients in the bottom Sea. The feeding ha...

Catching of Mullet fishes have been varied in recent years and was increased from 2500 MT in 1991 to 6700 MT in 2002 but some reduction was observed such as 2700 MT in 2010 and 2151 MT in 2012. Mullet fishes always feeding from the bottom sea as detritus habits and have important role in the filtration of nutrients in the bottom Sea. The feeding ha...

Background: Virulence factor of Aeromonas hydrophila is considered to be multifactorial including cytotonic heat-labile (alt), and cytotonic heat-stable enterotoxins (ast), cytotoxic heat-labile enterotoxin (act), hemolysin (hly), aerolysin (aer), lateral flagella (laf), lipase (lip), elastase (ela), serine protease (ser), and DNases (exu). Objecti...

Aphanomyces invadans is an oomycete fungus which causes Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) disease in wide range of fresh and brackish water fish worldwide imposing serious economic losses. A diagnostic procedure, based on a polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) was developed to detect infection of fish with the A.invadans. A set of primers (1APM...

Aim: Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) causes by aquatic oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces invadans is a dangerous fish disease of a wide range of fresh and brackish water, wild and farmed fish throughout the world. The objective of the present study was to determine the susceptibility of a number of tropical fish species to the EUS and compare the se...

This study investigated the effects of dietary mono- and multiprobiotic strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus fermentum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides on growth performance, intestinal bacteria and body composition of Javanese carp (Puntius gonionotus). Moreover, the effect of storage temperature on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) viability in...

Disease are recognized as one of the major constraint to sustainable animal production which can cause significant economic loss especially in aquaculture. Various chemotherapeutic agents have been traditionally used in the treatment and prevention of diseases in farmed fish but they are not recommended since improper and continuous use of antibiot...

Aeromonas infections are becoming a major risk factor in commercial aquaculture and it has been reported that a wide variety of fish and shellfish species are susceptible to this infection. In this study, 3 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) cultured in Kuala Pilah Simbilan Nigri i...

study was conducted to record the histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of wild Indonesian shortfin eel, Anguilla bicolor bicolor (McClelland, 1844), captured in Peninsular Malaysia. The gastrointestinal tract was segmented into the oesophagus, stomach, and intestine. Then, the oesophagus was divided into five (first to fifth), the st...

Two experiments were simultaneously conducted with Morus alba (white mulberry) foliage extract (MFE) as a growth promoter and treatment of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in separate 60 and 30 days trail (Experiments 1 and 2, resp.) in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). In Experiment 1, four diets, control and control supplemented with 2, 5, or 7...

Mullets are dominant fishes in the catch composition in the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea and after (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamensky, 1901) have a worthy role in production of marine proteins and incomings of north provinces of Iran. Mullets stocks decreased dramatically in recent decades in the Caspian Sea and catch amount reached from 6446 MT...

IHN, IPN and VHS could be considered as distractive fish viral diseases in hatchery and rearing Rainbow trout farms in the country. In current study, Enzyme Linked Immunabsorbant Assay (ELISA) as a serological confirmative method was employed for detection of the causative pathogens and confirmation of virology examination. Fifty three serums of ra...

The pathogenicity of a Nervous Necrosis Virus isolate obtained from naturally infected Golden grey mullet (Liza auratus) suffering serious mortalities in Iranian coastline water of the Caspian Sea was investigated for first time. An experimental infection has been performed using three groups, two experimental groups and one control group of Guppy...

Bacterial and other microbial contamination of fresh vegetables from the farm or garden to the market and to the final consumer remain a problem worldwide. This study was designed to evaluate the various possible bacterial species responsible for the contamination of Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) in the Korle-Bu vegetable garden and Agb...

Mullet fishes could be considered as one of important economic boney fish species that introduced to Caspian Sea from Black Sea by Russian experts between 1930-1934. Catching of Mullet fishes have been variated in recent years and iwas increased from 2500 MT in 1991 to 6700 MT in 2002 but some decreasment was observed such as 2700 MT in 2010 and 21...

The effect of medium composition (type and concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources) and culture conditions (pH, aeration and temperature) on the production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) by Lactobacillus paracasei LA07 was studied in shake flask culture. The highest BLIS production was obtained from de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe...

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) is one of the seasonal and economically devastating diseases in the wild and farmed fresh water and estuarine fish. Thus, an experimental study was conducted by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) from February to April 2012, to examine the susceptibility of Malaysia's indigenous f...

This study was done to determinethe effects of periodical application of probiotics and pathogenic effects of A. hydrophila on the survival and growth enhancement of prawns. These prawns were individually weighed and kept in twenty one farms. Two trials were carried out. The first trial had seven feeding regimes designed asT 1 (Control group); T 2...

This study sought to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from stomach of adult snakehead fish, Channa striatus, to be used as probiotics for freshwater fish. A total of 13 strains were isolated from the stomach of 10 fish, and 4 of these belonged to LAB. Strain LAB-3 showing highest in vitro growth inhibition of Aeromonas hydrophila...

The pathogenicity of a Nervous Necrosis Virus isolate obtained from naturally infected Golden grey mullet (Liza auratus) suffering serious mortalities in Iranian coastline water of the Caspian Sea was investigated for first time. An experimental infection has been performed using three groups, two experimental groups and one control group of Guppy...

Streptococcosis in fish refers to re-emerging diseases causing high mortality in a variety of freshwater and marine fish throughout the Asia-Pacific region. The growth of the pathogen Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) in a brain heart infusion broth was investigated under a variety of environmental conditio...

This study was conducted to isolate and identify fresh water fungi species from the Malaysian natural water bodies and fish farms and to examine the pathogenicity of the isolates as a confirmative identification tool for epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) outbreak in Selangor state, Malaysia. For this aim, 165 water samples and 62 infected fish co...

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF VIRULENCE GENES IN Aeromonas hydrophila ORIGINATED FROM DISEASED FRESHWATER FISHES Ruhil Hayati, H.*, Hassan, M. D., Nur Hidayahanum, H., Sharifah, R. M., Ong, B.L., Abdelhadi, Y. M. and Maryam, H. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Email: hassanmd@upm.edu.my Virulence factor o...

About 322 moribund fish samples were collected in 2007 till 2010. Suspected fish revealed skin darkening, erratic swimming behavior such as spiral and belly-up at rest and high distention of swimming bladder. Brain and eye were removed in sterile condition and then kept in -80oC freezer for cell culture and Nested-RT-PCR. Tissue samples were taken...

All (O.D)s more than Cut-off Point were considered as positive samples. So regarding to ELISA findings and disease incidence percentage (Number of all positive case standing above Cut-off point divided to all examined suspected samples), IHNV had more percentage of disease in ELISA test with 23.25% in comparison with other relevant viral diseases i...

Results & Discussion. Microscopic findings revealed histopathologic changes as follows; congestion, inflammation of the basal membrane of secondary lamellae, hyperplasia, fusion of secondary lamellae and clubbing in some cases in the gill. Congestion of blood vessels, degeneration of kidney cells, necrosis of hematopoitic tissue and tubules, increa...

In the present study, the effect of aqueous and methanol extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum seed (fenugreek), Citrus limon peel (lemon) andMorus alba foliage (mulberry) against two Gram- negative bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila and Escherichia coli and two Gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus were investigate...