Hassam Chaudhry

Heriot-Watt University · School of the Built Environment

The increased adoption of photovoltaic (PV) systems for global decarbonisation necessitates addressing the gap in reduced panel efficiency due to overheating. This issue is especially prominent in countries with extremely hot and humid climates where PV utilisation is hindered by declining panel output. A systematic review of PV cooling techniques...

The built environment sector is responsible for a significant proportion of the final global energy consumption and carbon emissions. The energy demand from buildings is expected to continue to rise and will have major social consequences and climate change impacts. Drivers include population growth, improved access to electricity and adequate hous...

Rapidly increasing global energy demand and resulting climate change effects have enhanced the integration of renewable systems such as solar photovoltaics into the built environment. For countries with hot climates, despite vast applications and numerous technological advancements, lower efficiencies of the solar panels due to high temperature is...

Low carbon and renewable energy technologies help reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which cause climate change [...]

An evaluation of the degradation effects on photovoltaic modules is essential to minimise uncertainties in the system operation. Bifacial photovoltaic technology is attracting attention due to the capacity of generating energy from the front and rear sides. This paper presents a review of degradation factors, for both conventional monofacial and bi...

An investigation on the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of a heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) was carried out while being installed as a cooling mechanism on photovoltaic panels. The Ecohouse at the University of Technology and Applied Sciences in Muscat, Oman, was used as the case study. The experiment monitored the effect of temperature variations...

To host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, Qatar is facing the greatest challenge in balancing the energy consumptions for cooling the stadiums and the thermal comfort for both players and spectators. Previous studies have not considered using a combined configuration of air curtain and roof cooling supply slot in stadiums to prevent the infiltration of outs...

Windcatchers are considered as promising passive ventilation and cooling strategy, but the ventilation performance of this system is still of concern in areas with low speed and unpredictable winds. The air short circuiting in windcatchers can reduce its ventilation performance and ability to introduce clean air and remove stale air. The current wo...

An experimental study was performed on a full-scale DAWT to understand its response behaviour to changes in wind speed fluctuations. A novel diffuser was designed from the results of previous numerical studies and was manufactured using lightweight materials. The resultant DAWT was made portable and tested in three wind directions. Wind speeds, win...

The uncertainty regarding the capacity of photovoltaics to generate adequate renewable power remains problematic due to very high temperatures in countries experiencing extreme climates. This study analyses the potential of heat pipes as a passive cooling mechanism for solar photovoltaic panels in the Ecohouse of the Higher Colleges of Technology,...

Shading techniques constitute one of the most passive, beneficial strategies for reducing energy consumption in urban dwellings. Shading affects many factors, for example, the solar gains and radiations falling on the façade, which are considered the most significant in increasing the cooling energy demand in hot climates. This paper conducts a par...

Energy consumption due to cooling and ventilation of buildings has grown significantly within the last two decades, and therefore advancement in cooling technologies has become imperative to maximise energy savings. This work numerically investigates the performance of vapour-compression unitary and centralised cooling systems for high rise buildin...

Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWT) are an optimised class of wind turbines that use a Diffuser to accelerate and direct air flow onto a wind turbine rotor to drive it for higher rpm and power output than without the Diffuser. This power output is typically rated in terms of the power augmentation. Diffuser design and theory was pioneered in th...

By incorporating a Diffuser around the rotor to form a Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbine (DAWT), a conventional wind turbines’ performance can be significantly improved. The diffuser is able to funnel and accelerate incident air flow to the rotor thereby driving it for a higher power extraction threshold for better control and continuous periods of o...

This paper presents the temperature distribution and identification of Urban Heat Island intensity and outdoor thermal comfort conditions in a residential cluster in Dubai, UAE. Temperature and humidity data are collected during peak summer period and thermal imaging is further used as additional tool. From the analysis it is reported that the maxi...

This volume presents innovative work on innovative methods, tools and practices aimed at supporting the transition of Asian and Middle Eastern cities and regions towards a more smart and sustainable dimension. The role of the built and urban environment are becoming more pronounced in Asia and Middle East as the regions continues to experience rapi...

This volume presents innovative work on innovative methods, tools and practices aimed at supporting the transition of Asian and Middle Eastern cities and regions towards a more smart and sustainable dimension. The role of the built and urban environment are becoming more pronounced in Asia and Middle East as the regions continues to experience rapi...

The power capacity of roof mounted wind turbines is dependent on several factors which influence its energy yield. In this paper, an investigation has been carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to determine flow distribution and establish an optimum mounting location for a small wind turbine on a domestic flat roof. The realisable k-...

Rapid urban growth and development over the past few years in Dubai has increased the rate at which the mean maximum temperatures are rising. Progressive soaring temperatures have greater effect of heat islands that add on to the high cooling demands. This work numerically explicated the effect of HIs in a tropical desert climate by adopting Heriot...

Passive cooling using windcatchers have been utilised in the past by several Middle East countries to capture wind and provide indoor ventilation and comfort without using energy. Recently, researchers have attempted to improve the cooling performance of windcatchers by incorporating heat pipes. The present work encompasses existing research by opt...

In this paper, a review of the development of Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWT’s) into the Built Environment has been presented. DAWT’s offer a lot of potential as electricity providers in areas where it is needed, such as in the built environment. Research into DAWT’s has revealed that flow along a building significantly affects inlet condit...

The effect of the spacing between adjacent building floors on the wind distribution and turbulence intensity was analysed using computational fluid dynamics in this study. Five computational models were created with floor spacing ranging from 0.8 m (benchmark) to 1.6 m. The three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes equations along with the...

The performance of wind towers, which depends on external wind speed, is often reduced when still-air conditions prevail. As a solution to this, this research used a combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and wind tunnel tests to evaluate the influence of five different roof configurations − flat roof, pitched roof, narrowed roof, curved...

With the ever-increasing population and global economy, the dependency on usage of non-renewable resources of energy is cumulating in direct proportion. Nevertheless, the non-renewable potential of these resources is certainly a leading worldwide issue, and one, which has gained substantial international interest over the past decades. Large and at...

A detailed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experimental investigation into characterizing the fluid flow and thermal profiles in a wind tunnel was carried out, highlighting the effect of progressive heating on the non-uniformity flow profile of air. Using controllable electrical heating elements, the operating temperatures in the test-sectio...

The data presented in this article were the basis for the study reported in the research articles entitled ‘Climate responsive behaviour heat pipe technology for enhanced passive airside cooling’ by Chaudhry and Hughes [10] which presents the passive airside cooling capability of heat pipes in response to gradually varying external temperatures and...

The way in which heat pipes are arranged plays an important role on the overall effectiveness of this sustainable thermal system. A numerical and experimental analysis into determining the optimum heat pipe streamwise distance for providing passive airside cooling in ventilation airstreams was carried out. The airflow and temperature profiles were...

Passive Cooling Technology (WO2015/087035) Patent number: WO2015/087035 Application number: PCT'/GB2014/052263 Status: Submitted Filed date: 24 Jul 2014

The effect of wind distribution on the architectural domain of the Bahrain Trade Centre was numerically analysed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Using the numerical data, the power generation potential of the building-integrated wind turbines was determined in response to the prevailing wind direction. The three-dimensional Reynolds-avera...

This work investigates a novel closed-loop thermal cycle containing cylindrical heat pipes integrated within a roof-mounted circular wind tower to achieve internal comfort. The water-filled copper heat pipes having an outer diameter of 20 mm were systematically arranged in a horizontal orientation. Water was used as the working fluid instead of syn...

A passive cooling system for installation in a wind tower for a building. UK Intellectual Property Office (RO/GB) Filing date: 24 July 2014 University of Leeds UOL 13036/GB/P1 Inventors: Ben Richard Hughes, John Kaiser Calautit, Hassam Nasurallah Chaudhry

The effect of wind distribution on the architectural domain of the Bahrain Trade Centre was numerically analysed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Using the numerical data, the power generation potential of the building integrated wind turbines was determined in response to the prevailing wind direction. Simulating a reference wind speed of...

A detailed investigation into determining the passive airside cooling capability of heat pipes in response to gradually varying external temperatures was carried out. The city of Doha, Qatar was taken as the location of case-study and the climatic data for June 21st, 2012 was incorporated in the transient thermal modelling. The physical domain comp...

The passive airside cooling capability of heat pipes operating under high-temperature natural ventilation airstreams was investigated in this study. Pure water was used as the internal working fluid to ensure the system remained sustainable in its operation. The physical domain included 19 cylindrical copper heat pipes assembled in a systematic ver...

A detailed investigation into determining the optimum working fluid for providing passive airside cooling in ventilation airstreams was carried out. The effectiveness of water, ethanol and R134a as heat pipe fluids was systematically compared by analysing their thermal cooling capacity under a low Reynolds number airstream, typically found under na...

A numerical investigation was carried out to determine the impact of structural morphology on the power generation capacity of building-integrated wind turbines. The performance of the turbines was analysed using the specifications of the Bahrain Trade Centre which was taken as the benchmark model, the results of which were compared against triangu...

A numerical investigation was carried out to determine the impact of structural morphology on the power generation capacity of building-integrated wind turbines. The performance of the turbines was analysed using the specifications of the Bahrain Trade Centre which was taken as the benchmark model, the results of which were compared against triangu...

A systematic investigation into the design and simulation of flow parameters in a closed-loop wind tunnel was carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The analytical model for estimating pressure losses were directed as input boundary conditions. Full-scale model of the entire wind tunnel was considered instead of the conventional appr...

The rate of heat transfer and friction factor of heat pipes with transverse spacing�s between 44mm to 52 mm was numerically investigated and experimentally tested. A total of 19 wickless copper heat pipes with water as the working fluid were used in this study. A forced convection-to-natural convection setup was used on the heat pipe evaporator to...

Increasing emphasis on reducing power consumption has raised public awareness of natural and renewable energy resources, particularly the integration of passive cooling systems in buildings such as wind towers. Wind towers have been in existence in various forms for centuries as a non-mechanical means of providing indoor ventilation. In hot conditi...

A major source of energy consumption in the building sector is the extensive use of Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems to meet the rising demands for indoor comfort. Advancements in reducing cooling loads will have a direct impact on energy consumption in the built environment. The present study investigated the thermal perfor...

Increasing levels of urbanisation and indoor air quality have led to enhanced research and development of sustainable technologies in buildings. This study investigated natural ventilation streams typically found in domestic buildings and used heat pipe technology to recover the energy from them. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based numerical c...

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has one of the most advanced and developed desalination systems in the world, mainly located along the shore. The aim of this study is to analyze the economic feasibility of incorporating the two most prominent types of desalination systems within the existing district cooling plants in the UAE by utilizing waste heat...

Increasing emphasis on reducing power consumption has raised public awareness of natural and renewable energy resources, particularly the integration of natural ventilation systems in buildings such as wind towers. The aim of this work is to incorporate heat transfer devices in a wind tower to meet the internal comfort criteria in extreme external...

Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems account for up to 60% of domestic buildings energy consumption [U.S Dept. of Energy, (2009)]. Natural ventilation offers the opportunity to eliminate the mechanical requirements of HVAC systems by using the natural driving forces of external wind and the buoyancy effect from internal heat diss...

A combination of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) climate and the increased size of the super jumbo, Airbus A380, have exceeded the working capacity for current ground cooling techniques. These are evident when the aircraft is being prepared for flight and when in the hanger under maintenance with internal cabin temperatures reported at above 30 °C....

Advancements into the computational studies have increased the development of heat pipe arrangements, displaying multiphase flow regimes and highlighting the broad scope of the respective technology for utilization in passive and active applications. The purpose of this review is to evaluate current heat pipe systems for heat recovery and renewable...

Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems play a vital part in ensuring the required comfort levels of residents inside building environments. However, most modern cooling equipments consume high levels of electrical power, thus create high energy consumption rates in buildings. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the common pr...

The main aim of this work is to establish the capabilities of new green buildings to ascertain off-grid electricity generation based on the integration of wind turbines in the conceptual model of a rotating tower [2] in Dubai. An in depth performance analysis of the WinWind 3.0MW [3] wind turbine is performed. Data based on the Dubai Meteorological...

Dynamic architecture is a termdevised for a new generation of off-grid high-rise structures that rotate.The proposed structures contain wind turbines between floors which are used to generate the power to rotate the floors and for consumption by residents. This study analyses the capabilities of this system in comparison with the standard vertical...