Harry Octavianus Sofian

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• Master of Science
• Researcher at National Research and Innovation Agency

In the past five years, our archaeological research has uncovered evidence of iron making in the Meratus mountains, located upstream of the Barito watershed on the east coast of Kalimantan (Indonesian side of Borneo Island), as well as the Lamandau watershed in southwestern Kalimantan. At these iron industry sites, we discovered slags, ore fragment...

Sumatra is one of the largest islands in the Indonesian archipelago. Its location at the western edge of Indonesia makes it close to and, when sea-levels are low, frequently connected to the mainland of Southeast Asia. It is thus not surprising that human migrations and cultural diffusions from mainland Asia to Indonesia often passed through Sumatr...

The Bongal area, near Kota Pandan, in the Tapanuli/Sibolga Bay, has been known to archaeologists since 2001 through the identification of the remains of a Ganeśa stone image. Eighteen years later, archaeologists returned to the same area to examine a large number of chance finds uncovered by local gold washers. Their observations led to undertake s...

Potsherds fragments or earthenware pottery are a type of archaeological evidence frequently discovered in surveys and excavations. These fragments represent pottery in many forms such as containers and crafts with decorated or plain surfaces. Earthen pottery has distinct characteristics and frequently represents the identity of a specific community...

This article is based on an experimental iron furnace from archaeological sites in Central Kalimantan-Indonesia from July 2019. The iron furnace for the experiment is replicated the original iron furnaces from the latest research were found in year 2017 in the Benangin and Temelalo sites from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The experiment aims to pr...

Sumba culture is one of the few societies in the world that still preserves its megalithic tradition up to the present day. The tradition of constructing stone graves, which have been in place for hundreds of years, is a testament to the significant sustainable process of Sumba people. This paper discusses research findings that measure the sustain...

Sumba is one of the islands in the archipelago that plays an essential role in the migration process of Austronesian speakers. This island is considered one of the contact zones that can show initial interactions between Austronesian speakers and residents who have inhabited this island before. However, archaeological research on this island is sti...

The region of Wallacea has become a hotspot of archaeological research due to significant new discoveries that are changing our understanding and theories about early human history. Anatomically modern humans (AMH) began to migrate and expand to Wallacea and Sahul in Oceania over 45,000 years ago, making this one of the earliest regions with a pres...

The Indonesian government plans to relocate the capital city from Jakarta to Sepaku in East Kalimantan. So far, the location is known as a vast industrial-scale plantation area and one of the selected places for the transmigration program during the 1970s. Being planned as a constructed capital city from scratch, of course several studies have been...

Maritime migration and island adaptation by anatomically modern humans (AMH) are among the most significant current issues in Southeast Asian archaeology and directly related to their behavioural and technological advancement. In the center of this research hotspot are the Wallacean islands, situated between the Pleistocene landmasses of Sunda and...

The ancient Bali inscriptions inform that the Balinese people had developed water management based on their local wisdom since at least the 11 th century. The agricultural irrigation system called Subak has existed even further since the 8 th century. The water management system in Balinese society accentuates revering and honoring the water and it...

Technological knowledge of the use of metals is inseparable from human knowledge in the processing pyrotechnics of fire as a power in high temperature processes for producing objects. The fire is used for smelting and casting in melting furnaces. Metal smelting furnace is a heat production device, which is used to purify the metal, in this case iro...

Recent excavations in Topogaro 2 Cave, Central Sulawesi produced an archaeological sequence beginning c. 29 ka. The site is located along the eastern coast of Sulawesi, a key location for prehistoric movements from mainland Southeast Asia to Sahul through Wallacea during the Late Pleistocene. In this paper, we test our hypothesis that prehistoric a...

The site of Goa Topogaro (Topogaro Caves) on Sulawesi Island in Eastern Indonesia yields numerous osseous and lithic artefacts in association with anatomically modern humans (AMH) from the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Sulawesi is the largest island in Wallacea and could have been located along the early AMH migration routes to Sahul that required...

Iron has been important in human civilization since the abandonment of stone tools. The traditional technology of iron ore smelting in Indonesia has been known for hundreds of years, but research on the local traditional iron industry is still very minimal. This study aims to explain the iron industry in the southeast Kalimantan before modern times...

Abstract. Iron has been important in human civilization since the abandonment of stone tools. The traditional technology of iron ore smelting in Indonesia has been known for hundreds of years, but research on the local traditional iron industry is still very minimal. This study aims to explain the iron industry in the southeast Kalimantan before...

The Dayak Taboyan people call the location of iron smelting remains as buren. Their presence is characterized by the heaps of iron slags, tuyere, charcoal residue, smelting furnace and iron ores. During archaeological research from 2017 to 2019, thirteen buren sites were discovered along the Montalat watershed, with finds that include furnaces, whi...

Analisis metalografi memerlukan beberapa tahap persiapan di laboratorium sebelum dapat dianalisis di bawah mikroskop. Tahap yang harus dilalui salah satunya adalah pembuatan cetakan resin pada sampel logam. Untuk membuat cetakan resin diperlukan takaran agar resin pada cetakan menjadi keras sehingga dapat dilanjutkan ke tahap selanjutnya, yaitu pem...

S ebagai karya seni, ragam hias ditemukan di berbagai belahan dunia. Sedemikian jauh peradaban ini terbang mengarungi samudra, menembus batas dunia, namun ia tetap bukan produk modernisme yang gegap gempita. Secara historis, ragam hias atau ornamen justru lahir dari pedalaman, tradisional, religius-magis. Perhatikan saja masyarakat berburu dan peng...

Presentation for International Web Binar Toward a Scientific Approach about archaeometallurgy research in Indonesia from prehistory to Hindu-Buddha period

Maritime migration and island adaptation by anatomically modern humans (AMH) are among the most significant issues in Southeast Asian anthropology and archaeology, and directly related to their behavioural and technological advancements. A major research hotspot is Wallacean islands located between the past Sunda and Sahul continents during the lat...

The existence of an organic or plant-based technology during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene is an ongoing debate in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA). Evidence of plant-based technologies in the current archaeological record of ISEA is very limited. Nevertheless, excavations of prehistoric sites across the region have provided clues that plants...

Expedient lithic technology has been described as unchanging and without or very limited presence of formal tool types. However, this premise seems to limit the discussion on technological and behavioural complexity when studying amorphous flake industries. To address this issue, we employed multi-stage use-wear analysis to identify features that a...

presentation introducing the sub-discipline of archeometallurgy in Indonesia to the Metallurgical Engineering academic community at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten - Indonesia

This short article report about the new findings of finely made dentate-stamped and lime infilled potteries from the Goa Topogaro site in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Most of them are red-slipped pottery decorated with dentate-stamped, lime infilled, and can be identified as burial potteries as they are excavated with secondly burials of the Early...

Pulau Sumba sudah lama dikenal dengan tradisi makam megalitiknya yang dijumpai tersebar hampir di semua area di Sumba. Makam megalitik ini dibangun dari potongan-potongan batuan berukuran besar. Berdasarkan aspek geologi, penelitian ini mencoba untuk mencari tahu asal batuan bahan pembuat makam megalitik dan apa yang menjadi alasan untuk memilih su...

Lambanapu Site: Diaspora Austronesia In East Sumba. The research at Lambanapu Site aims to determine the position of Lambanapu in the distribution and development of Austronesian ancestors and their culture in Sumba. The method used is survey, excavation, analysis, and interpretation. The results of the research are skeletal findings and urn burial...

Archaeometallurgy research and data related to ancient metals working in Kalimantan are limited, even never doing research for archaeometallurgy. This paper will discuss the ancient metalworking traces in the upper Barito watershed (Montalat River and Teweh River), and how are the ancient metalworking techniques carried out by the people in the Bar...

The Austronesian language is spread from Madagascar in the west, Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) in the east (e.g. the Philippines and Indonesian archipelagoes) and throughout the Pacific, as far east as Easter Island. While it seems clear that the remote ancestors of Austronesian speakers originated in Southern China, and migrated to Taiwan with the...

Cranial and mandibular measurements (mm) for the Gua Harimau series. (DOCX)

Pattern of postmortem misincorporation. C to T indicates C in reference genome and T in Gua Harimau samples, and G to A indicates G in reference genome and A in Gua Harimau samples. For No. 26, reduction of the misincorporation in 5’ end compared to 3’ end is explained by the inability of AccuPrime Pfx to bypass uracils, which is frequent in sequen...

Fragment size distribution of sequence reads mapped to rCRS. Only sequences having mapping quality equal or larger than 20 were used. PCR duplicates were removed. (JPG)

Fragment size distribution of GH14. GH14 includes all mapped reads, and GH14 damaged includes the reads having C/T or G/A changes at 3 bases of sequence termini. White circle indicates the reads having mutations relating to haplogroup M7b1a. Those reads are relatively longer than other reads, and we considered that these are contaminants. (JPG)

Presentasi Logam dan Peranannya dalam Aktivitas Maritim di Nusantara

Super eruption of Toba in north Sumatra occurred ~73 thousand years ago. This eruption was recorded is one of the largest eruptions in the Pleistocene period. An eruption has affected the climate and environmental changes in the world at that time. This paper describes the Toba super eruption based on the evidence the existence of which is marked t...

My research focuses on analyzing the composition, microstructure, morpho-stylisticanalysis bronze and iron artifacts from Gua Harimau (Harimau Cave) in South Sumatera –Indonesia. Gua Harimau, excavated by Pusat Arkeologi Nasional since 2009 on going, is a burialand habitation site from Pre-Neolithic until Metal Age period in Indonesia. During theex...

The territorial waters of thearchipelago is a cultural, economic and political since hundreds of years ago. Archipelago watersserve as an interaction of various ethnic, traders and spread the influence of each other. Interactionpass remains underwater archaeological remains scattered in various waters of the Archipelago. This discussion will inform...

Belitung island surrounded by two straits, the Gaspar Strait and the Strait Karimata known by sailors as a strait which has many reefs and shoals of sand that can cause the ship sank. Belitung island known as the underwater archaeological sites in the form of ships sank. One of the places is Karang Kijang Site, this paper will discuss the archaeolo...

Belitung Wreck site located in the waters of Batu Hitam Belitung Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This site discovered in 1998 and was appointed and explored by Waterflang Tilman in 2001, the sunken treasure was sold to Singapore with sales value 32 Million U.S. Dollar. Based on research Michael Flecher, Belitung Wreck site comes from the...

Underwater Archaeology in Indonesia began since years 2000. Increasing number of data and archaeological sites found under the water adds a long list of homework for the Indonesian archaeologists, but in reality the underwater archeology is still difficult to grow in Indonesia, although the potential wealth of underwater archaeological Indonesia ar...

Belitung wreck sites are important for the archaeological discoveries, this site is important because it is estimated to ship the first Arabic found in Indonesian waters of the Arab Dhow. There is no research continued after Michael Flecker researching this site in year 1999. Year 2010 Archaeological Institute of Palembang and Jambi BP3 conduct joi...

The development of computer applications has grown so rapidly that affect human life from many sides. Computers have played an important role in making decisions withinthe various disciplines, including archeology. This paper will specifically discuss about computer applications for underwater archeological research and development until now. This...

Gunung Sewu karst area has attracted the attention archaeologists since the Dutch colonial era to the present. One of the karst area is located Paliyan District, Gunungkidul Regency. Based on research conducted by Harry Octavianus Sofian in year 2007, there were at least 11 caves and rockshelter as a potential residential dwelling. This paper will...