Harald Tschan

University of Vienna | UniWien · Zentrum für Sportwissenschaft und Universitätssport

On Earth, physical activity plays a tremendous role to preserve and improve the physical, psychological, and social well-being of people. The enjoyability, the appreciation, and the variability of the exercises are fundamental factors for the production of lifestyle benefits. Currently, exercise countermeasures for astronauts during long-duration m...

The age-related decline of muscle strength, mass, and physical performance (sarcopenia) has been raising concerns among the scientific and healthcare communities. This decline may differ between populations, age groups, and sexes. Therefore, we aimed to explore sarcopenia together with the impact of health and socio-economic parameters in mature Ko...

INTRODUCTION: The modeling of “strength-endurance profiles”, which express the individual relationship between load and repetitions to momentary failure (RTF) in a resistance training exercise, recently started to draw interest in sport science. Respective models provide substantial value for practitioners as a descriptive tool to analyze exercise-...

Purpose: To identify the relationship between load and the number of repetitions performed to momentary failure in the pin press exercise, the present study compared different statistical model types and structures using a Bayesian approach. Methods: Thirty resistance-trained men and women were tested on two separate occasions. During the first...

Agility and change of direction speed are two different abilities, but no study has investigated if this difference exists also in fatigued conditions, and whether fatigue develops in a different way in a repeated-trial scenario. Fourteen soccer players (age: 17.0 ± 0.4 yrs; height: 176.9 ± 6.5 cm; body mass: 69.2 ± 6.4 kg) competing in a national-...

The present study was designed to evaluate the test-retest consistency of repetition maximum tests at standardized relative loads and determine the robustness of strength-endurance profiles across test-retest trials. Twenty-four resistance-trained males and females (age, 27.4 ± 4.0 y; body mass, 77.2 ± 12.6 kg; relative bench press one-repetition m...

Zusammenfassung Entsprechend den Forderungen der World Health Organization (WHO) wurde im Rahmen eines Präventionsprojektes bei 95 Wiener Volksschulkindern (8–11 Jahre) eine Lifestyle- und Sportintervention in der Schule durchgeführt. Das Gesamtkollektiv wurde in eine Interventionsgruppe (n=52) und eine Kontrollgruppe (n=43) unterteilt. Die Interve...

Mental fatigue can impair physical, technical, and tactical performance in sports. Since most previous research used general cognitive tasks to elicit mental fatigue, the aim of this study was to investigate whether a more sport-specific task could induce the effects of mental fatigue and impair the subsequent physical and technical performance in...

Increasing the amount of regular physical education lessons in school is currently discussed in many countries in order to increase physical activity in youth. The purpose of this study was to compare the motor performance of pupils from an observation group participating in a school trial of two additional physical education lessons (5 lessons of...

Post-Activation Potentiation (PAP) is a phenomenon which can improve power performance executed after a previous conditioning activity. PAP is usually evoked through heavy resistance or plyometric exercise. It has been suggested to refer to as Postactivation Performance Enhancement (PAPE) when research is field-based on explosive activities. To our...

Introduction: The one-repetition maximum (1-RM) is considered to be both, a valuable indicator for maximum strength performance and a popular variable to standardize resistance training load. However, a direct assessment of the 1-RM by means of a progressive loading test can be time-consuming and may not be suitable for frequent application during...

Previous studies reported faster pulmonary oxygen uptake kinet-ics at the onset of exercise in untrained youth compared with adults. Whether or not these differences are identical for trained groups have not been examined. The purpose of this study was to compare V O2 kinetics of youth and adult cyclists at moderate and heavy-intensity exercise. Th...

INTRODUCTION: Situational team sport performances are characterized by a continuously mutual relationship between cognitive and physical factors, making interesting the analysis of abilities which involve both these 2 factors. Agility is the ability to change velocity and direction in response to an external stimulus and has been shown to be correl...

The purpose of this review was to systematically summarize studies measuring body composition of competitive bodybuilding athletes to provide recommended values for preparation and during competition. The protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020197921) and followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and...

Maintaining muscle mass and function is important throughout the lifestyle. While environmental factors such as physical activity and healthy nutrition are well investigated, the contribution of genetic factors is still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of a common ACTN3 polymorphism (rs1815739) on body composition, handg...

The purpose of this study was to present a practical novel method to calculate the penalty kick accuracy in football. The mathematical advantage considered the ratio of the rectangle goal dimension (1:3) and equalized between horizontal axis as it longer 3 times than the vertical axis. Twelve male soccer players 16 (3) years)), height 174.7 (4.5) c...

The purpose of this study was to present a practical novel method to calculate the penalty kick accuracy in football. The mathematical advantage considered the ratio of the rectangle goal dimension (1:3) and equalized between horizontal axis as it longer 3 times than the vertical axis. Twelve male soccer players 16 (3) years)), height 174.7 (4.5) c...

Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) are very popular in female athletes not only for contraceptive effects but also due to the possibility of cycle manipulation. Moreover, it is debatable whether manipulation of menstrual cycle has a beneficial effect on exercise performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in s...

This study investigated the activity profile during small-sided games (SSG) in elite youth soccer players. Internal load (IL) including heart rate (HR) and external load (EL) such as distance covered in different speed-zones (SZ) were collected from forty-eight players of three different teams (U15, U16, U18). The investigation included a total of...

This article reports test-retest reliability data of laboratory- and field-based performance tests as well as body composition analyses of younger and older Kosovan adults. In total, 57 healthy young (18-35 years) and 61 older (>60 years) participants took part in two identical test sessions, with a median [25th – 75th percentile] of 14 [13 – 21] d...

Purpose: This study aimed to assess and compare the systemic response of oxygen uptake kinetics and muscle deoxygenation between a 30-min rest protocol and a multivisit protocol on the parameters of the power-duration relationship (i.e., critical power [CP] and W'). Methods: Nine endurance-trained triathletes reported to the laboratory on five o...

Adiposity-related joint loading and unequal force distribution during jumping tasks place additional stress on soft tissue structures of the non-dominant leg, which may reduce performance and is likely to increase injury risk and the development of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases. Movement-related dysfunctions of children and adolescents are...

Hamstring injuries remain the most common injury type across many professional sports. Despite a variety of intervention strategies, its incidence in soccer players playing in the UEFA Champions League has increased by 4% per year over the last decade. Test batteries trying to identify potential risk factors have produced inconclusive results. The...

INTRODUCTION: Agility is the ability to change velocity and direction in response to an external stimulus. Agility and change of direction (COD), the latter without response to external stimuli, were shown to be two different abilities [1]. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether these two abilities’ performances differently dev...

Both objective (OM) and subjective (SM) methods are used in athletic studies, regardless of sport type, to identify and analyze load and recovery status of athletes. As little information exists about the comparison of these two methodologies, the aim of this study is to compare and contrast information that defines the relationship between both me...

Previous research has suggested that viewing the color red immediately prior and during motor performance facilitates motor action. However, viewing red at a delay prior to performance should cause a decline in motor action. In the current study we tested these assumptions. Participants performed maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) of t...

Purpose: To determine aerobic and anaerobic demands of mountain bike cross-country racing. Methods: Twelve elite cyclists (7 males; V˙O2max = 73.8 [2.6] mL·min-1·kg-1, maximal aerobic power [MAP] = 370 [26] W, 5.7 [0.4] W·kg-1, and 5 females; V˙O2max = 67.3 [2.9] mL·min-1·kg-1, MAP = 261 [17] W, 5.0 [0.1] W·kg-1) participated over 4 seasons at s...

Background: Former athletes who continue a regular, performance-oriented training throughout life provide a unique model for studying successful aging. With this in mind, the current study aimed to compare the effects of an acute resistance exercise on proteolytic and myogenic markers in older weightlifters and untrained participants. Methods: S...

This study aimed to evaluate the technical-tactical, perceptual and mental demands of basketball small-sided games (SSGs). Twelve male semi-professional players participated in four half-court 3vs3 SSGs characterized by different tactical tasks (offensive; defensive) and training regimes (long-intermittent; shortintermittent). The SSGs were video-r...

Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) describes a phenomenon of acute increases in voluntary muscular performance resulting from a preceding high-intensity conditioning activity [1]. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the influence of strength level and jumping ability on acute changes in countermovement jump (CMJ) p...

Post-Activation Potentiation is a phenomenon by which muscular performance characteristics are acutely enhanced as a result of their previous contractile actions. It has been shown how Post-Activation Potentiation, which is usually evoked through heavy resistance exercise, has the potential to improve many different power performances, such as spri...

The O2-kinetic response to constant work rate exercise provides an insight into the adjustment of systemic oxygen transport and muscle metabolism. Whether O2-kinetics measured in laboratory conditions reflect O2-kinetics in field conditions has not yet been analysed. The aim of this study was to compare O2-kinetics between field and laboratory cond...

Objectives: The aim of the present meta-analytical review was to determine the effectiveness of training programmes combining higher-load and lower-load exercises in one workout (i.e. complex training [CT]) on lower-body performance. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A search of five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Sci...

Hauer, R, Tessitore, A, Hauer, K, and Tschan, H. Activity profile of international female lacrosse players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-This study was designed to investigate the activity profile in international women's lacrosse match-play. Data were collected of 10 female Austrian lacrosse national team players (29.1 ± 6.1 years; 64....

INTRODUCTION: Performance in team sports is determined by the interaction between physical, physiological, technical-tactical and cognitive factors. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of different tactical tasks and training regimes on physical, perceptual and mental demands of basketball small-sided games (SSGs). METHODS: Twelve male semi...

Objectives: To evaluate external and internal training load (TL) and hormonal responses in basketball 3-versus-3 small-sided games (SSGs). Design: Randomized repeated-measures study. Methods: Twelve male basketball players participated to four 3-versus-3 SSGs characterized by different tactical tasks (offensive; defensive) and training regimes (l...

The study was designed to investigate the validity of different technologies used to determine movement velocity in resistance training. Twenty-four experienced powerlifters (18 male and 6 female; age, 25.1 ± 5.1 years) completed a progressive loading test in the squat, bench press, and conventional deadlift until reaching their 1 repetition maximu...

This study investigated the relationship between internal training load and perceived recovery of semi-professional female basketball players during the competitive season. Eleven female players were monitored for 14 weeks during the in-season phase. For each event (training and game), data were collected as follows: (a) Total Quality Recovery (TQR...

Purpose The present study was designed to investigate the influence of two distinct small-sided game (SSG) regimes on physiological, perceptual, and technical parameters in male elite lacrosse players. Method Data were collected in twelve elite male Austrian lacrosse players (25.8 ± 5.5 years; 80.1 ± 7.7 kg; 178.5 ± 6.2 cm). Players’ were assigned...

AIM OF THE STUDY: To monitor internal training load and perceived recovery in female basketball players, and evaluate the effects of competitive level (semi-professional; professional) and position (backcourt; frontcourt).

Purpose: The influence of endurance training on skeletal muscle metabolism can currently be studied only by invasive sampling or through a few related parameters that are investigated by either proton (¹H) or phosphorus (³¹P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic differences between endurance-trai...

The maintenance of quiet standing in humans has been the subject of numerous publications over many years. Posturographic measurement quantifying postural sway during upright stance by measurements of center of pressure (CoP) excursions (representing an indirect measure of postural control) have become widely used for clinical purposes. To evaluate...

The aim of the study was to determine whether estimates of the speed–duration relationship are affected using different time-trial (TT) field-based testing protocols, where exhaustive times were located within the generally recommended durations of 2–15 min. Ten triathletes (mean ± SD age: 31.0 ± 5.7 years; height: 1.81 ± 0.05 m; body mass: 76.5 ±...

The present study was designed to evaluate the voluntary post-activation potentiation (PAP) effects of moderate (MI) or high intensity (HI) back squat exercises on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance across multiple sets of a contrast training protocol. Sixty resistance-trained male subjects (age, 23.3 ± 3.3 y; body mass, 86.0 ± 13.9 kg; paralle...

Ziel des Krafttrainings ist es, Muskelmasse und Kraft zu steigern. Um dies zu erreichen, führen Sportler ein progressives Krafttraining durch, um mit hohen Widerständen die Innervation der trainierten Muskeln, die Muskelmasse und die Kraft per Muskelquerschnitt zu erhöhen. Die Trainierbarkeit der Kraft und die absolute Kraft hängen zudem von dem Ta...

Molekulare und zelluläre Vorgänge bei Bewegungs- oder Trainingsreizen Dieses Werk vermittelt Grundlagenwissen in Genetik, Molekular- und Zellbiologie, stellt molekulare Mechanismen in leistungsphysiologischen Systemen dar und verbindet sportmedizinische mit -wissenschaftlichen Aspekten der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit. Der Brückenschlag zwischen...

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of critical power (CP) and the total amount of work accomplished above CP (W´) across repeated tests using ecologically valid maximal effort time-trials (TT) under laboratory conditions. After an initial incremental exercise test, ten well-trained male triathletes (age: 28.5 ± 4.7 years; body...

Individual data for each participant. File contains data for CP, W´, and relative and absolute SE for CP and W´, respectively. (XLSX)

The sport of lacrosse has undergone rapid development over the past decade. However, little attention has been paid to the physiological requirements of lacrosse. Therefore, this paper aims to (1) describe the physiological profile of male lacrosse athletes and compare these findings with the findings of existing research and (2) examine the relati...

Abstract Background High physical fitness levels in childhood and adolescence are associated with positive health-related outcomes later in life. Albeit many researchers investigated rural-urban differences in physical fitness, the outcomes of these studies are inconsistent and data on Kosovo are widely missing. Thus, this study aims to examine ant...

Whilst Critical Speed (CS) has been successfully translated from the laboratory into the field, this translation is still outstanding for the related maximum running distance (D'). Using iso-duration exhaustive laboratory and field runs, this study investigated the potential interchangeable use of both parameters, D' and CS. After an incremental ex...

Objectives: The aims of this study were to detect the acetylcarnitine resonance line at 2.13 ppm in the human vastus lateralis and soleus muscles, assess T1 and T2 relaxation times, and investigate the diurnal and exercise-related changes in absolute concentration noninvasively, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 T. Materials and m...

Background This observational, cross-sectional study investigates the impact of medication usage, physical activity (PA) and nutritional status on musculoskeletal health (MSH) in males and females aged 40-65 in the population of a post conflict, developing country. Methods Bone Mineral Density (BMD), T-score and Z-score at distal forearm regions (...

Slides

Background The incidence and severity of football-related injuries has been found to differ strongly between professional leagues from different countries. The aims of this study were to record the incidence, type and severity of injuries in Kosovarian football players and investigate the relationship between injury incidence rates (IRs), players’...

Previous studies (2,3) have documented that Critical Power (CP) can be estimated validly and reliably under laboratory and field conditions. Under laboratory conditions, studies commonly employ time to exhaustion (TTE) tests using constant workloads. Contrary, field conditions commonly use time trials (TT), reversing dependent and independent varia...

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the role of eccentric exercise intensity in the development of and recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Methods: Using a cross-over study design, 15 healthy, male college students were tested on two occasions. The training stimulus consisted of an exhaustive series of eccentri...

Purpose Regular resistance exercise training and a balanced diet may counteract the age-related muscular decline on a molecular level. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of elastic band resistance training and nutritional supplementation on circulating muscle growth and degradation factors, physical performance and muscle qualit...