Harald G. Dill

Leibniz Universität Hannover · Institute of Mineralogy

Anlässlich eines Zahlen- und Technologievergleichs von Waffensystemen auf beiden Seiten des Eisernen Vorhangs während des Kalten Kriegs äußerte sich Ferdinand O. Miksche (1905–1992), Offizier und Militärschriftsteller, in einer Diskussionsrunde des „Internationalen Frühschoppens“ mit Werner Höfer wie folgt: “Meine Herren, Waffen werden von Menschen...

This study focuses on the relationship between U and pyrochlore in the world-class Sn-Nb-Ta (U, Th, REE, Li) Madeira deposit within the Pitinga mining district of northern Brazil. The primary U mineralization is of intrusive-type and early magmatic origin, hosted in the peralkaline albite-enriched granite facies of the A-type Madeira granite (~1820...

Das Wetter lässt sich durch menschliche Einflüsse kurzfristig beeinflussen. Alle Daten weisen darauf hin, dass diese vor allem auf ionisierende Strahlung zurückgehenden Prozesse reversibel sind und keine Generationsgrenzen übergreifenden Maßnahmen notwendig machen. Die Sonne (extraterrestrische Kräfte) und die Erde (endogenen Kräfte) lassen sich je...

In der Grundschule lernten die Schüler früherer Generationen die Grundrechenarten und es bestand kein Diskussionsbedarf über das Ergebnis der Rechenoperation 1+1 = 2. Das war gestern. In der heutigen Gesellschaft kann die Summe durchaus einen Wert von 6,27 annehmen und auch höher, wenn ein Vorhaben einem bestimmten Trend folgt oder ein bestimmtes Z...

Genthelvite from pegmatite veins hosted by the albite-enriched granite (ca.1.8 Ga) corresponding to the Sn–Nb–Ta (F, REE, Li, Zr, U, Th) Madeira deposit, Amazonas, Brazil was studied. Genthelvite, the exclusive Be-bearing mineral within the deposit, occurs as massive crystals of up to 4.7 cm in size. Compositions are homogeneous within individual c...

Sediment samples from the Săsar River and its main tributaries were analyzed for their potentially toxic elements at the site of the Romplumb metallurgical company and near the well-known Pb-Zn-Cu epithermal deposit of Baia Sprie located in the Neogene volcanic chain of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania. The average metal concentrations arranged in...

A mineralogical mapping (terrain analysis) based on micro-mounts has been performed in the Archipelago of the Canary Islands, Spain. The rare elements Be, F, Li, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and rare earth elements (REE) were investigated on the largest island of the Canary Islands Archipelago, Tenerife, Spain. This study forms a contribution to the metallogene...

Die Geschichte der deutsch-französischen Beziehungen ist eine Geschichte der Kriege und des Kampfs um die Vorherrschaft, die sich bis in Heilige Römische Reich deutscher Nation zurückverfolgen lässt, wo sich Bourbonen und Habsburger im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg zwischen 1701 und 1714 bekämpften. Dieser kriegerische Zustand hielt mit Unterbrechungen...

Bewertung und Handhabung von Ressourcen in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart -- Soldat und Bergbau Beitrag in der Zeitschrift WEHRTECHNIK III/2023 Für Rüstungssachverständige und Wehrwirtschaftler war bereits 1940 erkennbar, dass ein eklatanter Ressourcenmangel bestand, der bei einem länger anhaltenden Militäreinsatz sich noch verschärfen würde. Damit...

Die Bundeswehr, eine materiell und mental von der Politik in den letzten Jahren ,,entkern- te“ Armee, die zu einer Verteidigung unseres Vaterlandes nicht mehr im Stande ist, macht im- mer wieder durch eine unreflektierte Befolgung des Traditions-Erlasses der Bundeswehr von 2018 von sich Reden. Dies betrifft besonders das Verbot von Redewendungen un...

Soldat riskiert sein Leben fu  r die Erfu  llung seines Auftrages. Das Ziel eines Beamten in einer Beho  rde ist es, dem Staat einen gesunden Pensionisten zu erhalten. Die Ex-Generale leisten gegenwa  rtig der aktiven Truppe einen Ba  rendienst, wenn sie nach jahrzehntelangem Schweigen, um die eigene Karriere nicht zu gefa  hrden, sich nun al...

Provenance analysis and terrain analysis backed by radiometric age dating have been combined for the first time and conducted as a composite in a foreland-basement transition zone with mutual benefits for both disciplines. A meticulous provenance analysis enables a fine-tuning during studies of the landscapes and relief generations, while a detaile...

The quadripartite/ orthogonal and domal Central European Watershed (CEW) at the NW edge of the Bohemian Massif has been studied by a terrain analysis (fluvial, colluvial, cryogenic, aeolian landforms) combined with geochronological dating (hydraulic correlation) of landforms and the resultant hydrographic correlation of relief generations. It resul...

The “natural GMS laboratory” (granulometry-morphometry-situmetry) is located within the Variscan Basement in SE Germany (Fichtelgebirge Mts.), which is uplifted relative to its Permo-Mesozoic foreland along a deep-seated lineamentary fault zone. This transitional study area is crossed by straight to low drainage systems in the basement, turning mea...

Die Bundeswehr, eine materiell und mental von Politikern und vom MAD in den letzten Jahren entkernte Armee, die zu einer Verteidigung unseres Vaterlandes nicht mehr im Stande ist, macht immer wieder durch eine unreflektierte Befolgung des Traditions-Erlasses der Bundeswehr von 2018 von sich Reden. Dies betrifft besonders das Verbot von Redewendunge...

Regional history and geology

Abstract: In this study, six basic #Quaternary landform series (LFS) and their sedimentary deposits (LFS1 #aeolian, LFS 2.1 to 2.2 mass wasting, LFS 3 cryogenic-glacial, LFS 4.1 to 4.6 #fluvial, LFS 5.1 to 5.2 #coastal-marine, LFS 6.1 to 6.3 lacustrine) are subdivided into subtypes and examined with regard to their sedimentological parameters and th...

The Quaternary volcanogenic landscape and the volcanogenic sediments of the Netherlands Antilles (NA) (Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao) reflect the most recent stage of the evolution of the Cretaceous to early Cenozoic Great Arc of the Caribbean Plate. They provide a “geoscientific keyhole” to look at its geodynamic and lithological evolution at different...

Quaternary aeolian landforms (AL) can convert into aeolian mineral deposits of economic grade through concentration of metals (Ti, Fe, Zr, Sn, REE, Au, PGE) , industrial minerals (silica) and gems (diamonds), purification (winnowing) of trash minerals (feldspar, mica) and the provision of accommodation space for uranium and base metals. Therefore,...

A holistic-modular approach has been taken to study the evolution of three straight to low-sinuosity drainage systems (=SSS) in an uplifted basement block of the Central European Variscides. The development of the SSS is described by means of a quadripartite model. (1) The geological framework of the SSS: Forming the lithological and structural fea...

Regierende und die mit ihnen assoziierten Behörden klagen häufig über eine gewisse Politikverdrossenheit in Deutschland. Das Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BfV) spricht neuerdings sogar von einem neuen Phänomenbereich "Verfassungsschutzrelevante Delegitimierung des Staates". Woran mag das liegen? Das Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach führte eine...

The Isles of Jersey and Guernsey, GB, are situated in the Bight of St. Malo which ranks among the upper-macrotidal environments with one of the highest tidal ranges ever measured on the globe. They are built up of metasedimentary and –magmatic basement rocks followed by a suite of gabbro-diorite-granite intrusive rocks. Based on sedimentological, g...

Mineral assemblages encompassing heavy (HM), light (LM) and clay minerals (CM) can be used as marker minerals for geodynamic and weathering processes. The highly diverse lithology of the Precambrian basement rocks around and the rift-related magmatic rocks of the East African Rift system (EARS) form an ideal platform to use sediment-mineralogical t...

Von blassen Gestalten und roten Heringen [The origin of the Central European desert featuring a conspicuous expression of "moral values" a result of the anthropogenic climate change-From the pale figure to the red herring] Harald G. Dill Nur wenige Menschen erblicken als Wunderkinder das Licht der Welt. Die meisten Menschen gewinnen Profil auf vers...

On overview of economic geology at the beginning of the 21st century

The Badamlu karst bauxite deposit, located 55 km southeast of Miandoab city in northwestern Iran occurs in karstic depressions of carbonates of the late Permian Nessen Formation. The studied bauxitic ores have a dominant pelitomorphic texture, and locally developed ooidic, pisoidic, and clastic textures in a pelitomorphic matrix. Mineralogically, t...

In the current study, different heavy minerals typical of gold placer deposits were identified by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy, and their chemical composition analyzed and discussed (garnet, kyanite, staurolite, zircon, allanite, monazite, xenotime, rutile, anatase, cassiterite, titanite, barite). Even complex solid solution series, such as th...

High volatile bituminous coal C and B is currently exploited at Spitsbergen-Svalbard, Norway. Several coal seams formed during the Palaeocene, of which some were reworked by mass wasting (MW), (glacial)-fluvial (GF) and coastal-marine wave-dominated (WM) processes under periglacial conditions during the Quaternary. This supergene alteration resulte...

Very coarse-grained meandering to straight fluvial drainage systems evolved during the Holocene (<7950 BP) in a terrain underlain by crystalline basement rocks of Precambrian to Paleozoic age and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks which are separated from each other by an area intersected by fault zones of Cenozoic age. Faulting provoked ridges in the fore...

Abstract: The badlands of the “Desierto de la Tatacoa” (DDT) form part of the alluvial-fluvial system and are characterized by a landform trilogy: (1) gully zone, (2) wadi zone, (3) hillwash plain/ mesa zone. This facies differentiation is controlled by the fluvial regimes and their degree of sinuosity of channels. The hydraulic and hydrographic sy...

Tetrad effect REE Argillic and propylitic alterations Cu-Pb-Fe epithermal Khan Kandi district Iran ABSTRACT The impact of the tetrad effect on the accumulation of REE during base metal mineralization can be deduced from four segments of the normalized REE distribution patterns. Quantifying this effect in each part of the REE graph has proven to be...

The Central European Variscides and their epicontinental basins and grabens (Mesoeurope sensu Stille) subsided into the uplifted basement as well as the Alpidic Orogens, encompassing the Alpine Mts. Range, the Dinarides, the Northern Carpathians and the depressions in between (Neoeurope) are rife with a great variety of clay mineral assemblages. In...

The impact of the tetrad effect on the accumulation of REE during base metal mineralization can be deduced four segments of the normalized REE distribution patterns. To quantify this effect in each part of the REE graph has proven to be a powerful tool when it comes to the investigation of the origin of ore deposits. In the current research a mathe...

The Arbanos Limestone is a part of the Ruteh Formation of Upper Permian age located in NW Iran. No detailed geochemical characterizations of these limestones have been carried out to date. In this research, formation mechanisms of tetrad effect phenomenon in the lanthanide distribution patterns in these limestones are surveyed by applying different...

During my first months in office I had a personal discussion with the head of the institute during which he conveyed a message to me that I never forgot: “A good geologist is a geologist who has seen much”. Prof. Dr. Peter Laznicka, the author of this book has seen very much. ..................................................... It is a book, class...

In the periglacial South Atlantic Ocean five coastal landform series (CLFS): CLFS1 (Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas), CLFS2 (Tierra del Fuego), CLFS3 (South Georgia + Scotia Ridge), CLFS 4 (South Shetland Archipelago) and CLFS 5 (Antarctic Peninsula) have been established and studied with regard to their geomorphology and sedimentary petrography....

The origin of the landscape spreading across NW Morocco (Meseta, Atlas Mts. Foreland) is geodynamically controlled by two collisional and one extensional regime, while climate changes had only a minor impact on the shaping the landscape. The existing landscape pertains to the series characterized by highly to partially eroded mountain blocks of Pal...

Along the western edge of the Bohemian Massif, SE Germany, graphitic carbon occurs in metabasic rocks plus calcsilicates, metabiolites, and paragneisses (graphite I), in pegmatites (graphite II) and in mineralized structure zones (semigraphite and impsonite) The current studies unveiled these graphitic carbon compounds are strikingly different with...

Kurzfassung: Astlose Baumstämme, Rannen genannt finden sich in verschieden Abschnitten des Main-Regnitz- Flusssystems. Sie liegen häufig in grobkörnigen sandigen Talauen-Sedimenten. Die Längsausrichtung dieser Baumstämme ist auch in anderen fluviatilen Ablagerung (meist vernetzte Flusssysteme) wie Beispiele aus Thailand und Kanada zeigen, zu beobac...

Kurzfassung: Im Gebiet Pleystein (Nord-Oberpfalz) entwickelte sich ausgehend von den in dieser Region anstehenden pegmatitischen und aplitischen Gesteinen eine sogenannte pegmatische Landschaftsform (Subform der Granit-Landschaft) seit dem späten Mesozoikum. Die jüngste Studie befasst sich mit den im Zuge der holozänen Taleintiefung abgelagerten ko...

We have studied the structural control of pegmatites (F-REE-Li vein-type granite pegmatite) associated with the albite-enriched granite facies (AEG) of the Madeira A-type granite (~1.83 Ga). This facies corresponds to the Madeira world-class Sn-Nb-Ta-F (cryolite) deposit at the Pitinga mine. These REE-rich pegmatites [xenotime-(Y) and gagarinite-(Y...

We have studied the structural control of pegmatites (F-REE-Li vein-type granite pegmatite) associated with the albite-enriched granite facies (AEG) of the Madeira A-type granite (~1.83 Ga). This facies corresponds to the Madeira world-class Sn-Nb-Ta-F (cryolite) deposit at the Pitinga mine. These REE-rich pegmatites [xenotime-(Y) and gagarinite-(Y...

The Archipélago Rosario-Barú evolved off-shore of the Caribbean Coast in N Colombia during the Holocene. From the geodynamic point of view its host rocks belong to the rather stable foreland of the modern Andean fold belt, from the sedimentological point of view the environment has, however, to be ranked among the highly mobile zones. The swiftly r...

In some areas of the Variscan orogen felsic mobilizates (pegmatitic and aplitic rocks) are closely associated with stratiform and stockwork-like bodies enriched in Ca minerals (e.g. wollastonite, diopside-hedenbergite s.s.s., grossular-spessartine s.s.s., siderite..) and bodies aligned to them similar in structure but abundant in quartz, plagioclas...

Pegmatoids and aploids of the Zengerhof area (Oberpfalz, Germany): Their basic contact zones and subcrustal magmatic dykes (Meta-lamprophyre) Geological mapping of the Zengerhof area revealed schorl- and spessartine-bearing Na aploids and Na-H pegmatoids which are composed of alkaline feldspar, quartz and muscovite. They are associated with basic...

Eine petrologisch-strukturgeologische Profilaufnahme zwischen Hagendorf und Miesbrunn durch die erzfreie Zone zwischen Selten-Element-Pegmatiten (Nord-Oberpfalz) Zusammenfassung Durch die verschiedenen Abbaue auf Feldspat und einige prominente Felsfreistellungen (Kreuzberg-Pegmatit) verfügt die Hagendorf-Pleysteiner Pegmatitprovinz über hervorrage...

The upper reaches of the Bistrita drainage system were selected as a natural test site to determine the geogenic and anthropogenic input into fluvio-lacustrine systems in humid mid-latitude morphoclimatic zones. The reason for this selection lies in the complex geology and its metallogenic evolution leading to a great variety of Fe, Mn, U, and poly...

Green technologies installed for the supply and storage of electricity from renewable energies are based on different platforms such as photovoltaic systems, solar thermal systems, hydroelectric power plants, geothermal heat and power plants, lithium-ion battery storage systems, vanadium redox flow technology, bio fuel production, and wind turbines...

Gemstones form in metamorphic, magmatic, and sedimentary rocks. In sedimentary units, these minerals were emplaced by organic and inorganic chemical processes and also found in clastic deposits as a result of weathering, erosion, transport, and deposition leading to what is called the formation of placer deposits. Of the approximately 150 gemstones...

Metacarbonate rocks (marble, calcsilicate rock, skarn) hosting strata- and structurebound Fe-, As-Sb, Bi-, Ni-Co, Cu-Pb-Zn, U-, W- ore minerals as well as talc, clay minerals, barite and fluorite are widespread in the country rocks south of the collisional calc-alkaline felsic to intermediate intrusive rocks of the Fichtelgebirge Pluton, Germany. A...

The Urmia Lake recession, and the resulting increase in vast barren area around it, has been rapid in recent decades and thus has attracted attention of environmentalists and geoscientists alike. However, evidence for its different strandlines and the largest extension of the lake during the late Quaternary has not been reported yet. The principal...

The Holocene mud volcano exposed at Totumo (younger than 4150 ± 50 yr BP) lines up together with some other landforms of its kind along the Caribbean Coast in northern Colombia. It currently vents a mud of the silicate-phosphate-bearing sulfur-sodium chloride type. The mud volcanoes evolved in an active continental margin setting of the South Ameri...

The Zr-Ti-Fe placers along the coast of Rio Negro and Buenos Aires Provinces, Argentina, evolved within the reaches of the Malvinas Current (1 st order hydrodynamic regime). Together with some regional 2 nd order local currents it is of major influence on the mineral assemblage of these terrigenous linear shoreline deposits. The nearshore-marine pl...

The geology of pegmatite systems encompasses lithology, shape, and structure while the chemistry of major and trace elements is indicative of the ore composition; both are the “pillars” of the CMS classification scheme (Chemical composition-Mineral assemblage-Structural geology) for barren and rare-metal pegmatites, including their granitic affilia...

Non-metallic and sedimentary mineral deposits associated with active continental margins Harald G. Dill Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz University Hannover , Germany Active continental margins which are marked by subduction zones and can be mapped in modern fold belts around the Pacific Ocean and from the Pyrenees through to the SE Asian mountain rid...

Pegmatites and aplites share the common major constituents with the granitoid suite as well as various gneissic lithologies, e.g., orthogneisses, aplitic gneisses. Not surprising, the pegmatitic landscape has landforms resembling some found in landscapes derived from metamorphic and granitic rocks that genetically next of kin of pegmatites. The wea...

Beach sands are ideal traps to collect heavy minerals (HM) from different geodynamic settings and mineral deposits. The coastal sediments contain a mixture of HM derived from the submarine shelf and from source rocks in the hinterland. This is true in a transgressive periglacial regime, where drowned valleys and estuaries are instrumental in draini...

The Western Falkland Islands are characterized by landforms and sediments of Quaternary age originating from the interplay of periglacial and marine processes. These have left their imprints on siliciclastic sediments and subbituminous coal, peatland, and podzolic soil. Our depositional study focuses on interpreting a stratigraphic sequence which c...

Supergene argillitization on basement blocks shows a great variety of deposits with regard to their mineralogical composition and morphology, particularly those which developed during the Late Cretaceous and the succeeding Cenozoic era, driven by vertical displacements along highland boundary faults. The geodynamic setting and the morpho-climatic z...

Geomagnetic (magnetic susceptibility), geoelectrical (resistivity and conductivity, self-potential/SP, induced polarization/IP), and radiometric measurements (gamma radiation of K, U, and Th) are well adapted to the needs and wants of geoscientists and exploration geologists, in particular, who widely use them in wireline tools and for ground surve...

The spatial distribution of Cu and its pathfinder elements in quartz porphyrites along Wadi Araba was studied in order to gain an insight about the geologic framework of Cu mineralization in the area. A geochemical exploration data set of 242 samples was revisited. Multivariate statistical and geostatistical analysis were performed on the data set....

This study was conducted on samples taken from the “Fagul Cetății – Iazul nr. 4” tailings pond in the Eastern Carpathians, Romania and is focused on exploring the way in which heavy metals from sulphide rich material are spatially distributed in relation to the geochemical conditions. For comparison, concentrated ore samples from the same area, gen...

The kaolinite-group minerals kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, halloysite including its metaform and their associates allophane and imogolite are phyllosilicates characterized by a rather simple chemical composition of Si, Al, O, and H. These elements contribute for the most part to the built-up of the continental earth crust, which down to a depth of a...

The kaolin-fan deposits under consideration are sedimentary in origin and they bridge the gap between residual kaolin deposits proximal to the fan apex in crystalline basement rocks and syn(dia)genetic sandstone-hosted kaolin deposits on the fan apron. The “kaolin ore beds” on the other hand, developed in an arenaceous braided-river drainage system...

Zusammenfassung. Die Pegmatite und Aplite von Burkhardsrieth in der Oberpfalz bilden die südliche Randfazies der Pegmatitprovinz von Hagendorf-Pleystein. Es handelt sich um selten-element-freie Muskowit-Quarz-Feldspat Pegmatite, Metaaplite und Pegmatoide. Als mineralogische Besonderheit sind Andalusit und Fe-und Cd-reiche Sphalerite zu nennen. Das...

Dill, H.G. (2016): Die »Ochsenaugen«-Fluorite und die Pegmatite zwischen Irchenrieth und Remmelberg (Oberpfalz) – Geologische Blät-ter für Nordost-Bayern, 66: 75-89, 2 Abb., 2 Tab., 2 Taf., Erlangen. Zusammenfassung. In den Pegmatiten der Zone von Erbendorf-Vohenstrauß konnte erst-mals Fluorit im südlichsten Vorkommen bei Irchenrieth nachgewiesen...

Abstract Pegmatitic rocks take on a special role. On one hand they closely resemble one of the most abundant rocks in the earth crusts, the granitoids; on the other hand they strongly contrast with these plutonic rocks by spreading the boundary from metamorphic to intrusive rock. They are outstanding as to the texture and grain size and they have i...

For those who want to get an overiew a documentary produced by the Bavarian Broadcasting Cooperation (BR) is recommended: "Bomber zu Sägegatter - Spurensuche in der Oberpfalz" ( When a USAAF bomber turns into reciprocating saws - On the search for traces in the Oberpfalz /Upper Palatinate). http://www.br.de/mediathek/video/sendungen/schwaben-und-a...

The Hagendorf–Pleystein Pegmatite Field (HPPF) is the largest pegmatite concentration in Central-Europe, which has been intensively studied for its mineralogy, mainly at Hagendorf-South pegmatite stock. It was not until recently that the lateral and depth zonations of the HPPF could be clarified when the newly discovered tabular aplite at Reinhards...

Supergene minerals form under near-ambient conditions on the Earth’s surface. Supergene mineralization is controlled by the parent rock composition, climatic conditions, geomorphological environment, and chemical compounds added during mineral processing. They appear in alteration zones called “orecretes.” Bronze Age miners exploited these easily...

Preface: Pegmatitic rocks are very coarse-grained rocks, generally of granitic composition; they contain as major constituents the three rock-forming minerals feldspar, quartz and mica, which in places develop mega-crystals or show up in a graphic intergrowth. On the opposite end of the grain-size scale, their little sisters are placed, finer-grai...

Abstract. Pegmatites and aplites are a treasure box for mineralogists in terms of finding new minerals or refining the structure of rare metal-bearing minerals. The economic geology of these rocks is less well studied. They are of interest mainly as a raw material for the ceramic industry (feldspar and quartz), and also for rare elements such as Be...

Pegmatitic rocks are very coarse-grained basement rocks abundant in quartz, feldspar or/and mica, in places, endowed either with mega crystals of the aforementioned rock-forming minerals or rare-element minerals. Pegmatites are treated in this study together with aplitic rocks, which are compositionally similar to pegmatites but strikingly differen...

DILL, H.G. (2015) The geology of pegmatites and the CMS classification scheme.- 7th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, PEG 2015, 16-17, Książ, Poland.