Haomiao Jia

Columbia University | CU · Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and School of Nursing

Background Obesity may have a protective effect (greater survival) in older adults, a finding known as the “obesity paradox.” This study examined the association between self-reported body mass index (BMI) and active life expectancy (ALE) among older U.S. adults. Methods Using the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey Cohort 15 (2012 baseline, 2014 foll...

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine whether state-level policies that restrict minors' access to confidential HIV testing without parental consent may suppress HIV testing in young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the United States. Methods: Secondary data from a national HIV prevention trial among YMSM aged 13-17 years (N=...

Importance: Self-injury mortality (SIM) combines suicides and the preponderance of drug misuse-related overdose fatalities. Identifying social and environmental factors associated with SIM and suicide may inform etiologic understanding and intervention design. Objective: To identify factors associated with interstate SIM and suicide rate variati...

Background Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common infectious diseases globally. Community surveillance may provide a more comprehensive picture of disease burden than medically-attended illness alone. Methods In this longitudinal study conducted from 2012-2017 in the Washington Heights/Inwood area of New York City, we enrolled 405...

Recent studies indicate an increase in the percentage of adults who reported clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic (1-3). For example, based on U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey (HPS) data, CDC reported significant increases in symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders among adults aged ≥18 y...

Prolonged critical illness in children has emotional consequences for both parents and providers. In this observational cohort study, we longitudinally surveyed anxiety and depression in parents and moral distress in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) providers (attendings, fellows, and bedside registered nurses) and explored their trajectories a...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the VIP-HANA application (app) for improving symptom burden in a randomized control trial of 100 people living with HIV (PLWH) who have non-AIDS conditions associated with HIV. The intervention group received the VIP-HANA app which allowed them to report their symptoms every week and receive...

Background: Every year, hundreds of thousands of inpatients die from cardiac arrest and sepsis, which could be avoided if those patients' risk for deterioration were detected and timely interventions were initiated. Thus, a system is needed to convert real-time, raw patient data into consumable information that clinicians can utilize to identify p...

Introduction Fall fatality rates among U.S. older adults increased 30% from 2007 to 2016. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries algorithm for fall risk screening, assessment, and intervention. The current Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries algorithm w...

Aims To assess the intervention effects of BREATHE (BRief intervention to Evaluate Asthma THErapy), a novel brief shared decision‐making intervention and evaluate feasibility and acceptability of intervention procedures. Design Group‐randomized longitudinal pilot study. Methods In total, 80 adults with uncontrolled persistent asthma participated...

Background: Suicides by any method, plus 'nonsuicide' fatalities from drug self-intoxication (estimated from selected forensically undetermined and 'accidental' deaths), together represent self-injury mortality (SIM)-fatalities due to mental disorders or distress. SIM is especially important to examine given frequent undercounting of suicides amon...

Purpose To examine whether primary attendings and/or nurses impact pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) length of stay (LOS) in long-stay patients (LSP). Materials and methods Retrospective observational cross-sectional study from 2012 to 2016 of 29,170 LSP (LOS ≥ 10 days) admitted to 64 PICUs that participated in the Virtual Pediatric Systems, LL...

Background Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is one of the primary barriers to viral load suppression. mHealth technology can help overcome challenges with ART adherence. This paper outlines the protocol for the WiseApp randomized control trial. The WiseApp contains real-time medication monitoring linking an electronic pill bottle and...

Objectives: The Medicare Health Outcome Survey (HOS) is the largest longitudinal survey of the U.S. community-dwelling elderly population. This study estimated total life expectancy, active life expectancy (ALE), and disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by disability status among HOS participants. Methods: Data were from the Medicare HOS Cohor...

Background and Objectives: Falls account for the highest proportion of preventable injury among older adults. Thus, the United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) algorithm to screen for fall risk. We referred to our STEADI algorithm adaptation as “Quick-ST...

Background Previous investigations of the relationship between marital status and life expectancy and healthy life expectancy rely on the assumption that participants will remain in a given marital status until death. This study estimated total life expectancy (TLE) and active life expectancy (ALE) for respondents by their baseline marital status u...

Background and Objectives Extending the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model into the community may address the poor linkage between medical clinics and underserved communities. Our first of three objectives was to determine if peer leaders and wellness coaches can be the relationship center of wellness care. We evaluated the Self-management...

References: Jia H, Lubetkin EI. Estimating EuroQol EQ-5D scores from Population Healthy Days data. Med Decis Making 2008;28:491-499. PMID: 18556640 Jia H, Zack MM, Moriarty DG, Fryback DG. Predicting the EuroQol Group's EQ-5D Index from CDC's "Healthy Days" in a US Sample. Med Decis Making. 2010; 31(1) 174-85. PMID: 20375418 Age=1: 18-24 Age=2: 25...

Objectives This review aims to: 1) evaluate the quality of model reporting, 2) provide an overview of methodology for developing and validating Early Warning Score Systems (EWSs) for adult patients in acute care settings, and 3) highlight the strengths and limitations of the methodologies, as well as identify future directions for EWS derivation an...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz055.].

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) adversely impact morbidity and mortality. Objective: To quantify burden of disease associated with ACEs among U.S. adults by estimating quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) according to number of ACEs reported. Participants and setting: Data from respondents' adverse experiences occurring bef...

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with high recurrence rates and poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) but few effective interventions to improve HRQOL exist. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the "iPhone Helping Evaluate Atrial Fibrillation Rhythm through Technology" (iHEART) intervention on HR...

Background: Young sexual minority men in the United States have a high incidence rate of HIV infection. Early intervention among this group, that is timed to precede or coincide with sexual initiation, is of critical importance to prevent HIV infection. Despite this, there are very few published randomized controlled efficacy trials testing interv...

Objective: Early identification and treatment of patient deterioration is crucial to improving clinical outcomes. To act, hospital rapid response (RR) teams often rely on nurses' clinical judgement typically documented narratively in the electronic health record (EHR). We developed a data-driven, unsupervised method to discover potential risk fact...

Background: Hydroxyurea (HU) is recommended as standard practice for youth with sickle cell disease (SCD). Yet, despite its efficacy, HU adherence in adolescents and young adults is often poor. Poor medication adherence increases disease burden, healthcare cost and widens health disparities. Adolescence is a critical time to improve adherence thro...

Objectives: Nurse concerns documented in nursing notes are important predictors of patient risk of deterioration. Using a standard nursing terminology and inputs from subject-matter experts (SMEs), we aimed to identify and define nurse concern concepts and terms about patient deterioration, which can be used to support subsequent automated tasks,...

Background In the hospital setting, it is crucial to identify patients at risk for deterioration before it fully develops, so providers can respond rapidly to reverse the deterioration. Rapid response (RR) activation criteria include a subjective component (“worried about the patient”) that is often documented in nurses' notes and is hard to captur...

Aim To assess whether an enhanced category combining suicides with nonsuicide drug self-intoxication fatalities more effectively captures the burden of self-injury mortality (SIM) in the USA among US non-Hispanic black and Hispanic populations and women irrespective of race/ethnicity. Methods This observational study used deidentified national mor...

Introduction: There is a growing body of knowledge characterizing the menopause experience in those with HIV. The primary goal of this study was to assess inflammatory cytokine associations with symptoms and sex-specific differences, and the secondary focus was to assess differences among women by menopause status. Materials and Methods: One hundr...

We assessed the feasibility of using REDCap as a factorial design survey (FDS) platform. REDCap lacks randomization and automation functionality, requiring the development of a workaround. A template survey was created containing all vignettes, copied for each survey instance and edited to hide unwanted content. REDCap configuration required three...

Objective To sustainably improve cleaning of high-touch surfaces (HTSs) in acute-care hospitals using a multimodal approach to education, reduction of barriers to cleaning, and culture change for environmental services workers. Design Prospective, quasi-experimental, before-and-after intervention study. Setting The study was conducted in 2 academ...

Background: The staging method for activities of daily living (ADLs) limitations developed by Stineman and colleagues that classifies people into five stages can reflect severity of activity limitations. Objective: To assess the impact of stages of limitations in ADLs on quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and the relative severity of each ADL l...

This study assesses the prevalence of falls, factors predicting future falls, and health impacts of falls and balance or walking problems for U.S. older adults. Data were from participants ≥65 years in the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey Cohort 15 (baseline survey in 2012; follow-up survey in 2014; n = 164,597). We examined baseline factors predict...

Aim To evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of the BRief Evaluation of Asthma THerapy intervention, a 7‐minute primary care provider‐delivered shared decision‐making protocol that uses motivational interviewing to address erroneous asthma disease and medication beliefs. Design A multi‐center masked two‐arm group‐randomized clinical trial. Metho...

Background:: Symptoms of heart failure markedly impair a patient's health status. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of health status in a sample of racially and ethnically diverse patients with heart failure using a web-based mobile health application, mi.Symptoms. Methods:: We conducted a cross-sectional study at an urban academi...

Background: The Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (HOS), a nationwide annual survey of Medicare beneficiaries, includes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's HRQOL-4 questionnaire and Veterans RAND 12-item Health Survey (VR-12). This study compared EQ-5D scores derived from the HRQOL-4 (dEQ-5D) to SF-6D scores derived from VR-12. Methods...

Persons living with HIV (PLWH) are living longer but experiencing more adverse symptoms associated with the disease and its treatment. This study aimed to examine the impact of a mHealth application (app) comprised of evidence-based self-care strategies on the symptom experience of PLWH. We conducted a 12-week feasibility study with 80 PLWH who wer...

Background: Although the life expectancy for the US population has increased, a high proportion of this population has lived with ≥1 chronic conditions. We have quantified the burden of disease associated with 15 chronic conditions and combinations of conditions by estimating quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for older US adults. Research desig...

Objective Higher prevalence of suicide notes could signify more conservatism in accounting and greater proneness to undercounting of suicide by method. We tested two hypotheses: (1) an evidentiary suicide note is more likely to accompany suicides by drug-intoxication and by other poisoning, as less violent and less forensically overt methods, than...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of universal contact precautions (UCP) on rates of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in intensive care units (ICUs) over 9 years DESIGN Retrospective, nonrandomized observational study SETTING An 800-bed adult academic medical center in New York City PARTICIPANTS All patients admitted to 6 ICUs, 3 of which in...

Objective: The majority of people living with HIV in the United States are now over the age of 50, but symptom burden research has seldom included older women or the potential role of menopause. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of menopause as part of sex differences in HIV symptom burden. Methods: A cross-sectional study was co...

Background: A barrier to influenza vaccination is the misperception that the inactivated vaccine can cause influenza. Previous studies have investigated the risk of acute respiratory illness (ARI) after influenza vaccination with conflicting results. We assessed whether there is an increased rate of laboratory-confirmed ARI in post-influenza vacci...

Objectives: To examine the effect of a community health worker (CHW) intervention, augmented by tailored text messages, on adherence to hydroxyurea therapy in youths with sickle cell disease, as well as on generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life (HrQL) and youth-parent self-management responsibility concordance. Study design:...

The correlation between ATP concentration and bacterial burden in the patient care environment was assessed. These findings suggest that a correlation exists between ATP concentration and bacterial burden, and they generally support ATP technology manufacturer-recommended cutoff values. Despite relatively modest discriminative ability, this technol...

OBJECTIVE To assess antimicrobial prescriber knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antimicrobial stewardship (AS) and associated barriers to optimal prescribing. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Online survey. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 2,900 US antimicrobial prescribers at 5 acute-care hospitals within a hospital n...

Persons living with HIV (PLWH) today can survive decades with the disease, making the symptom experience much more relevant to their lifestyle and health outcomes. The goal of the research reported here was to assess the symptom reporting of PLWH in the Unites States (US) in the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) age of the epidemic. We conduct...

Objectives The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention emphasizes conceptualizing sleep as a healthy behavior. Although a large literature exists documenting the morbidity or mortality of suboptimal sleep, fewer investigations have examined the burden of disease in a single number combining morbidity and mortality. This study examined the morbid...

Background The International Society of Nursing in Genetics (ISONG) fosters scientific and professional development in the discovery, interpretation, and application of genomic information in nursing research, education, and clinical practice. Objectives Assess genomic-related activities of ISONG members in research, education and practice, and co...

Objective A paucity of corroborative psychological and psychiatric evidence may be inhibiting detection of drug intoxication suicides in the United States. We evaluated the relative importance of suicide notes and psychiatric history in the classification of suicide by drug intoxication versus firearm (gunshot wound) plus hanging/suffocation—the ot...

Background: Daily hydroxyurea (HU) adherence is often suboptimal for youth with sickle cell disease (SCD). Adolescence is a critical time to improve HU adherence as youth assume greater responsibility for medication self-management. While QOL is higher among youth prescribed HU compared to those who are not,1little is known about how participation...

Objectives To examine associations between four health behaviors (smoking, physical inactivity, heavy alcohol drinking, and obesity) and three health indices (health-related quality of life, life expectancy, and quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE)) among US adults with depression. Methods Data were obtained from the 2006, 2008, and 2010 Behavi...

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend of HPV vaccine initiation and completion among girls in Texas from 2008 to 2010. Methods: Data were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS) over 3 years (2008-2010). The information regarding HPV vaccination was gathered from the parents of 9- to 17-ye...

Importance The population of infants, children, and adolescents cared for at pediatric long-term care facilities is increasing in complexity and size and thus consumes substantial health care resources. Infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in this population, but few recent data describe their incidence and effects. Object...

Purpose The Healthy Options and Physical Activity Program (HOP) is a school nurse-led intervention for children with severe obesity. HOP was developed by experts at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and implemented in New York City schools beginning in 2012. The purpose of this study was to evaluate HOP implementation with t...

Introduction: The main therapeutic intervention for sickle cell disease (SCD) is hydroxyurea (HU). The effect of HU is largely through dose-dependent induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). Poor HU adherence is common among adolescents. Methods: Our 6-month, two-site pilot intervention trial, "HABIT," was led by culturally aligned community health...

Purpose To examine how intermediate care units (IMCUs) are used in relation to pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), characterize PICU patients that utilize IMCUs, and estimate the impact of IMCUs on PICU metrics. Materials & methods Retrospective study of PICU patients discharged from 108 hospitals from 2009 to 2011. Patients admitted from or d...

Children in pediatric long-term care facilities (pLTCF) represent a highly vulnerable population and infectious outbreaks occur frequently, resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, and resource use. The purpose of this quasi-experimental trial using time series analysis was to assess the impact of a 4-year theoretically based behavioral inter...

Rates of colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) were determined for 1320 infants within 7 days of neonatal intensive care unit discharge. Overall, 4% and 1% of the infants were colonized with MRSA or VRE, respectively. Predictors identified in fixed-effects models were surg...

Background Persons aged 65 years and older represent a heterogeneous group whose prevalence in the USA is expected to markedly increase. Few investigations have examined the total burden of disease attributable to lower levels of income in a single number that accounts for morbidity and mortality. Methods We ascertained respondents' health-related...

Background Quality-adjusted life years (QALY) is a single value index that quantifies the overall burden of disease. It reflects all aspects of heath, including nonfatal illness and mortality outcomes by weighting life-years lived with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores. This study examine the burden of disease due to increasing levels o...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Medicare Part D on reducing the financial burden of prescription drugs in older adults with diabetes. Research design and methods: Using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (2000-2011), interrupted time series and difference-in-difference analyses were used to examine out-of-po...

Background: Propensity score (PS) methods are increasingly being employed by researchers to reduce bias arising from confounder imbalance when using observational data to examine intervention effects. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine PS theory and methodology and compare application of three PS methods (matching, stratificatio...

Falls are dangerous and costly for older adults. The A Matter of Balance/Volunteer Lay Leader (AMOB/VLL) program is an evidence-based fall risk reduction program that could help reduce this burden. This study introduced a door-through-door transportation program to improve program delivery (N = 126). Characteristics predicting completion of all eig...

References: Jia H, Lubetkin EI. Estimating EuroQol EQ-5D scores from Population Healthy Days data. Med Decis Making 2008;28:491-499. PMID: 18556640 Jia H, Zack MM, Moriarty DG, Fryback DG. Predicting the EuroQol Group's EQ-5D Index from CDC's "Healthy Days" in a US Sample. Med Decis Making. 2010; 31(1) 174-85. PMID: 20375418

Objective: To characterize and compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in HIV-infected and uninfected postmenopausal minority women using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) as an assessment measure. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed in 152 (109 HIV+, 43 HIV-) subjects from an existing study cohort of postmenopausal Hispanic and Af...

Background: To estimate the impact of smoking on quality-adjusted life years (QALY) for US adults aged 65 years and older. Methods: Using the 2003-08 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality File, we estimated the mean QALY throughout the remaining lifetime by participants' smoking status as well as smoking intensity and...

Introduction: Lower-income Americans are suffering from declines in income, health, and longevity over time. Income and employment policies have been proposed as a potential non-medical solution to this problem. Methods: An interrupted time series analysis of state-level incremental supplements to the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) program was...

IMPORTANCE Fatal self-injury in the United States related to deliberate behaviors is seriously underestimated due to misclassification of poisoning suicides and mischaracterization of most drug poisoning deaths as “accidental.” OBJECTIVE To compare national trends and patterns of self-injury mortality (SIM) with mortality from three proximally-ran...

Purpose: To estimate quality-adjusted life years (QALY) loss due to each of the following nine chronic conditions-depression, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, emphysema, asthma, arthritis, and cancer. Methods: We ascertained respondents' health-related quality of life scores and mortality status from the 2005 to 2008 Natio...

Background: Studies in adult long-term care facilities (LTCFs) have shown a correlation between hand hygiene (HH) and viral outbreak reduction, but no such studies have been conducted in pediatric LTCFs where the epidemiology of viral pathogens is different. Methods: We compared electronically monitored facility-wide HH frequency in the weeks im...

Background: Atrial fibrillation is a major public health problem and is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting an estimated 2.7 million Americans. The true prevalence of atrial fibrillation is likely underestimated because episodes are often sporadic; therefore, it is challenging to detect and record an occurrence in a "real world" setting....