Hany El-Azab

The British University in Egypt

Background Due to the technological development, the environmental legislations on pollutant concentrations in aqueous effluents tend to tighten and increase. As a result, sour water must be handled and processed properly to provide a high quality of stripped water with insignificant traces of NH3 and H2S in it. This must be achieved within the min...

Introduction Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymers which are cross-linked to form three-dimensional structures, which can absorb, swell and retain huge amounts of water or aqueous fluids. Objective This paper reports the preparation and characterisation of Poly(2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulphonic Acid) (PAMPS) hydrogel with different crosslinking...

In this research, active carbon-based catalyst synthesis and characterization were tested for potential catalysts to be used in dye removal of methylene blue (MB). Water hyacinth is one of the major problems that is facing humankind and especially here in Egypt. One of the implications of industrial activities is environmental pollution. Dyes used...

Epoxy resins are thermoset polymers that consist of epoxide groups in their molecular structure. It shows many attractive characteristics like strong adhesion, excellent mechanical strength, low shrinkage, excellent insulator, excellent chemical stability for acidic and basic environments, and microbial resistance due to the presence of hydroxyl gr...

Nanoparticles have proven their dominance in many fields of research in this era. Such dominance resulted from outstanding physical and chemical properties amongst other materials, led to a wide focus from different researchers in various fields to further investigate the role of nanoparticles in various applications from drug delivery systems in m...

In this research, active carbon-based catalyst synthesis and characterization were investigated for different applications in catalysis. The active carbon-based catalyst was combined with metal oxides to dye methylene blue (MB) removal. Water hyacinth is one of the major problems that facing society and especially in Egypt. One of the implications...

Objective The current study aims mainly to Maximize Condensate Recovery (NGLs), focusing on a gas processing train of Gas-Oil Separation Plant (GOSP) located in Egypt with a capacity of 4,230 kmole/h. Methods The research study accounts for the constraint of Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) specification, which makes the storage in floating roof tanks is...

This research aims to investigate the removal of trypan blue dye from aqueous solutions by employing ground avocado seeds powder, a low-cost biowaste adsorbent (biosorbent), under various experimental conditions. The effect of contact time, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dose on dye removal were studied. The experimental kinetic data were...

Energy integration in petrochemical and refining industries is an effective concept to minimize dependence on heating and cooling utilities through networks of exchanger equipment. Pinch Analysis is very popular and successful technique to optimize heat recovery between heat sources and sinks. Yet, design of networks of exchangers is challenging an...

The essential target of this is to make good qualified bricks with economic background and to have several uses than ordinary brick that is utilized in construction of homes or any building. From these useful properties of those blocks are acoustic segregation and thermal insulation also with recovery of many wastes that don't be benefit from them;...

In Egypt, rice straw is burnt as an easy and the cheap method to get rid of it leads to making a giant black cloud covers Cairo and southern delta governorates. Main purpose of this research is to produce green brick of cement and inexpensive agriculture waste (rice straw) with law price and good characteristics of thermal insulation and acoustic r...

The aim of the research is to design and produce a durable, and high load, bearing build constructing bricks based on cement, sand, and aggregates with the addition of Nano silica, studying the effect of the added materials to get a background about the impact of the Nano silica on the the ability of using such a product. The cement used is 52.5 gr...

Mathematica is a powerful program for computing both numeric and algebraic calculations as well as graphing two and three dimensional curves and surfaces. It is used increasingly in many fields of science now such as physics, engineering, chemistry and even biology because of the fast interaction of mathematics with almost the fields of science now...

The main objective of this research project is to perform some experimental procedures to inform the ability of the novel adsorbent used in this project. The chemical modification of the adsorbent is the chemical oxidation of pure powder chitosan using some specific redox pairs which are potassium dichromate and sodium bisulphite. After preparing t...

Mathematica is a powerful program for computing both numeric and algebraic calculations as well as graphing two and three dimensional curves and surfaces. It is used increasingly in many fields of science now such as physics, engineering, chemistry and even biology because of the fast interaction of mathematics with almost the fields of science now...

In this research, chitosan based catalyst synthesis and characterization was investigated for different application in catalysis as chitosan based catalyst was combined with metal oxides in order to be used in dye removal of methyl orange (MO). Diluted acetic acid was used to dissolve chitosan then different percentages for metallic ions were mixed...

This research aims to study the catalyst activity in specific reactions and the characteristics of the catalyst in order to optimize its performance. This research investigates PVP based catalysts and their properties and applications. PVP was prepared in combination with different metal oxides in order to be tested for different catalytic applicat...

Background The current research work reports an investigation of the effects of employing CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles as potential additives to refinery (petroleum) diesel fuel, in order to reduce the emissions of combustion process as well as to enhance the combustion process. Methods Nanodiesel samples were prepared with various concentrations (5...

This paper addresses the use of agro-industrial residue as a promising heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient production of biodiesel. That is, CaO-rich sugarbeet agro-industrial waste (smashed down to nano-size) shows superb catalytic activity for biodiesel production via transesterification process employing sunflower oil and methanol. Physicoc...

There are several crucial issues that need to be addressed in the field of applied catalysis. These issues are not only related to harmful environmental impact but also include process safety concerns, mass and heat transfer limitations, selectivity, high pressure, optimizing reaction conditions, scale-up issues, reproducibility, process reliabilit...

In this study, the hydroxyapatite powder is investigated for both of methylene blue and thymol blue in aqueous solution. The physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent were evaluated systematically using the different techniques including Microsoft Excel programming, linear regression model and also the coefficient of determination. Batch ad...

This research aims to participate in producing body shield that can overcome pervious drawbacks using behaviour of shear thickening fluid. Initially, the rheological behaviour of silica-polyethylene glycol shear thickening fluid is examined at different concentrations. Then, ballistic fabric samples are impregnated into silica-polyethylene glycol s...

Herein, versatile, and reproducible method to prepare binary metal oxides via microwave assisted synthesis. Catalysts are substances that basically speeds up chemical reactions. Ideally, bonds are formed between the catalysts and the reactants. Also, catalysts permits formation of products from the reactants. These formed products, splits off the c...

The aim of the research is to create decorative articles based on polymeric materials, study the effects of fillers and the type of moulds that it can cope with the exothermic reaction nature of resin to create a scientific background on the usage of the resins in daily life products. The polymeric materials that will be concentrated on are the uns...

This paper reported a scientific approach adopting microwave-assisted synthesis as a synthetic route for preparing highly active palladium nanoparticles stabilized by polyvinylpyrrolidone (Pd/PVP) and supported on reduced Gra-phene oxide (rGO) as a highly active catalyst used for Suzuki, Heck, and Sonogashira cross coupling reactions with remarkabl...

Transition metal nanoparticles have been widely investigated as a potentially advanced pathway in catalysis field due to their distinctive properties. [1-3] The precise optimization through controlling the particle size is one of the key factors to obtain unique physical and chemical properties.[4-6] Recently, Copper based nanoparticles have a huge...

Herein, versatile, and reproducible method to prepare Pd/Fe 3 O 4 via hydrothermal synthesis. The vital role of this catalyst is in its potential use in CO oxidation catalysis. The Pd/Fe 3 O 4 shows a distinctive activity. TEM images confirmed that Pd nanoparticles of 8-12 nm have a well dispersion on the surface of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4). Moreover,...

Herein, we report a rapid one-step synthetic method using microwave irradiation for growing magnetite nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide sheets. This developed strategy allows decorating graphene sheets with magnetite nanocrystals of well-defined morphology as cubes using microwave-driven reduction of iron chloride using hydrazine hydrate as a...

Preparation of dinitro pentamethylene tetramine (DPT) through the action of nitrating mixture formed of ammonium nitrate and fuming nitric acid on hexamine in presence of acetic acid, acetic anhydride and p-formaldehyde has been carried out. DPT was also prepared from hexamine dinitrate which is an important intermediate appears through preparation...

A simple green one-step method for the synthesis of highly active palladium nanoparticles embedded on copper oxide as an e±cient catalyst for ligand-free Heck and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions has been developed. The synthetic approach is based on Microwave (MW)-assisted simultaneous chemical reduction of an aqueous solution of palladium and...

In this research we are discussing the physicochemical characteristics of sweet diesel after desulphurization alone and also these characteristics are tested with the adding of high purity HPLC ethanol (99.9%). Those fuel properties of ethanol blended with diesel were experimentally determined to find their stability and to increase their propertie...

Gasoline produced in Egypt is a low-grade gasoline that contains high concentration of harmful components that are having a toll on our environment. In addition, those pollutants cause countless diseases and deaths annually to the Egyptian population. This paper targets two main sectors in the production of commercial gasoline. The improvement engi...

The present communication reports a scientific investigation of a simple and versatile synthetic route for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles decorated with copper oxide and supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO). They are used as a highly active catalyst of Suzuki, Heck, and Sonogashira cross coupling reactions with a remarkable turnover...

The Synthetic route of Cyclotetramethylene Tetramine is implemented through the reaction of hexamine and nitrating mixture that is formed as a result of a reaction between ammonium nitrate and fuming nitric acid. The reaction medium includes acetic acid, acetic anhydride and p-formaldehyde. This synthetic pathway is relatively long and both of hexa...

Synthesis of Cyclotetramethylene Tetramine through the action of nitrating mixture formed of ammonium nitrate and fuming nitric acid on hexamine in presence of acetic acid, acetic anhydride and p-formaldehyde has been proven. The pathway is relatively long and Hexamine Dinitrate and Dinitro Pentamethylene Tetramine (DPT) are two of the main interme...

The aim of this book is to provide the engineering students with a broad understanding of chemistry basics necessary for engineers. This will be accomplished by introducing students to simple definitions and examples in order to prepare them effectively for subsequent studies in engineering. Chemical Engineering as one of the main engineering secto...

Chemically, polymers are long chain molecules of very high molecular weight, often measured in hundreds of thousands. For this reason, the term macromolecules are frequently used when referring to polymeric materials. Any polymer sample consists of many chains of different lenghths. A polymer should constitute of a large number of simple repeated b...

Chemically, polymers are long chain molecules of very high molecular weight, often measured in hundreds of thousands. For this reason, the term macromolecules are frequently used when referring to polymeric materials. Any polymer sample consists of many chains of different lenghths. A polymer should constitute of a large number of simple repeated b...

In this research, we could achieve a new route through introducing an insulating material with lower thermal conductivity and lower cost. The polyurethane foam and rice straw composite proved to have a higher efficiency than the pure polyurethane foam through the insulation properties, mechanical properties and the overall cost. The thermal conduct...

Water hyacinth is a floating perennial aquatic plant native to tropical and sub-tropical South America. The water hyacinth is one of the fastest growing plants; it reproduces by way of runners or stolon. Each one can produce thousands of seed each year and these seeds can survive for more 28 years. It has touted as a water purifier and considered a...

Over the years, a revolution in the Means of Transportation has exploded and developed from the Era of Camels and horses to the invention of the internal combustion Engine and the Diesel Engine, so there were a new source of energy was used which is Petroleum to run these engines, But in the Last 10 Years the cost of the Petroleum has increased rap...

Microwave assisted synthesis technique was used to prepare palladium supported on iron oxide nanoparticles. The advantage of using microwave irradiation as a synthetic tool is due to its unique features as a one step, simple, versatile, and rapid process. The reactants are added simply at room temperature without using high-temperature injection. H...

PIONA (Paraffins, Isomerate, Olefins, Naphthenes, and Aromatics) analysis is a method to analyze petroleum naphtha and gasoline to determine their compositions and ratios. PIONA analysis has been observed to be the key to select the high quality samples of gasoline, the deep in refining processes contribute to produce more useful refinery products...

Water hyacinth is a floating perennial aquatic plant native to tropical and sub-tropical South America. It has touted as a water purifier and considered as a solution to green water issues. Water hyacinth is used in perfume and cologne products. It can be used as organic fertilizer. It also absorbs lead, mercury, and carcinogens when used in remedi...

Bullet proof vests are used since ages ago to protect the soldiers from being hit during wars, however many modifications are done to enhance the bullet resistivity of the vests for more protection. Many materials such as abalone, spider-silk, silica nano-particles, Kevlar and Twaron are used in the vests’ production. The characteristics of both Ke...

Water hyacinth is a floating perennial aquatic plant native to tropical and subtropical South America. The water hyacinth is one of the fastest growing plants; it reproduces by way of runners or stolon. Each one can produce thousands of seed each year and these seeds can survive for more 28 years. It has touted as a water purifier and considered as...

Metal oxides and Magnetic nanoparticles have been recognized as a class of nanostructured materials of current interest due to its well-known outstanding physical and chemical properties; especially when used in combination with other metal nano-particles. The catalytic effect of magnetic nanoparticles is considered one of the hot topics as an impo...

Metal oxides and Magnetic nanoparticles have been recognized as a class of nanostructured materials of current interest due to its well-known outstanding physical and chemical properties; especially when used in combination with other metal nano-particles. These kinds of nanostructured materials play an important role in many aspects of research ra...

A possible solution is studied to solve the global solid waste, air pollution, and energy crisis issues. Rice straw is an abundant biomass that is often disposed of by open-field burning. The carbohydrates and sugars in rice straw can be acid hydrolysed to produce furans which are the building blocks of a fuel known as ethoxymethyl furfural, which...

In this research we investigate the physicochemical characteristics of sweet diesel after desulphurization alone and also these characteristics are tested with the adding of high purity HPLC ethanol (99.9%). Those fuel properties of ethanol blended with diesel were experimentally determined to find their stability and to increase their properties a...

In this research, we report an efficient method to prepare highly active chitosan-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by implementing co-precipitation technique which is used for waste water treatment applications. Chitosan-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using TEM, XRD, and XPS. A comparative study...

This research reports a reproducible, reliable, and efficient method for preparing palladium nanoparticles dispersed on a composite of Fe 3 O 4 and graphene as an active catalyst with high efficiency for being used in Suzuki cross – coupling reactions. Graphene supported Pd/Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Pd/Fe 3 O 4 /G) exhibit a remarkable catalytic perf...

The bulletproof jacket and the cassette shields of reactive armors are formed from different layers containing polymeric composite material of low density but with high resistance to penetration of high kinetic energy projectiles. Composites based on epoxies are very rigid and can resist bullet penetration specially when made with other layers of c...

Gasoline produced in Egypt is a low-grade gasoline that contains high concentration of harmful components that are having a toll on our environment. In addition, those pollutants cause countless diseases and deaths annually to the Egyptian population. This paper targets two main sectors in the production of commercial gasoline. The improvement engi...

Thermal insulation is the ability of the material to prevent or reduce the heat transfer through the insulating material or between thermally contacted objectives. The increasing of the greenhouse effect leads to a continuous rising of the temperature especially in the summer, thus, there is a continuous research that aims to find more effective an...

Hydrogel which is also known as super absorbent polymer is a type of polymer whose structure is three dimensional and it is capable of swelling and absorbing large amounts of water. Such absorption of water depends on many factors such as type of the polymer, temperature, pressure, and other factors such as the cross linking density. There are many...

Chemical kinetics is the part of physical chemistry that studies reaction rates of the reaction. As in this project we study the kinetics of saponification reaction by hydrolysis of ethyl acetate with caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) to produce ethanol and sodium acetate which takes place in a liquid plug flow reactor as this reaction is considered...

Producing a light weight efficient ballistic armor using the fiber reinforced laminates was the target of this study which was fulfilled successfully in addition to other inspiring results. The aim is to compare between two major fabrics used for a specific application which is the bullet proof panels or vests. A scientific background was illustrat...

Preparation and characterization of Copper based catalyst for different applications in catalysis via microwave irradiation. Microwave is used due to the significant dielectric heating system over convective heating where the reactant are added under mild reaction conditions. Metal oxides are mainly used in homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous c...

The pathway from Hexamine to HMX is long and includes many intermediate compounds. Hexamine Dinitrate and Dinitropentamethylene Tetramine (DPT) are two of these intermediates. The limited solubility of the above mentioned intermediates weaken the applicability of the ordinary first and second order kinetic models on the decomposition step in which...

TiO2 and CuO nanoparticles are investigated as potential additives to diesel fuel to reduce emissions and enhance engine performance. Various concentrations of nanofuels are examined under different loads to accurately determine their influence in combustion process. The measured emissions are CO, CO2, NO, O2, unburned HC meanwhile the mechanical p...

a sustainable and efficient microwave assisted reduction technique was developed to prepare active Pd/Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles as a highly efficient magnetic catalyst used for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide. The method involves simultaneous reduction of the corresponding Pd (NO 3) 2 and Fe (NO 3) 3 .9H 2 O under the microwave irradiation...

The micro reaction technology has emerged over the past two decades as one of the promising synthetic tools that can create new horizons in many industrial and catalysis applications. There are many crucial issues that could simply be solved by adopting the approach of micro reaction technology. Those issues are including harmful environmental impa...

A reproducible, reliable, and highly efficient synthetic approach was implemented for synthesis of palladium nanoparticles supported on a binary composite of Fe3O4 and graphene (Pd-Fe3O4/G). This unique catalyst was tested for being used as a highly efficient active catalyst for being used in Suzuki cross – coupling reactions. It was found that thi...

The micro reaction technology has emerged over the past two decades as one of the promising synthetic tools that can create new horizons in many industrial and catalysis applications. There are many crucial issues that could simply be solved by adopting the approach of micro reaction technology. Those issues are including harmful environmental impa...

A reproducible, reliable, and highly efficient synthetic approach was implemented for synthesis of palladium nanoparticles supported on a binary composite of Fe3O4 and graphene (Pd-Fe3O4/G). This unique catalyst was tested for being used as a highly efficient active catalyst for being used in Suzuki cross – coupling reactions. It was found that thi...

Hydrogel is classified as one of the most effective materials due to its widely used applications either in tissue or agriculture engineering. This scientific research aims to investigate the potential applications of hydrogels in the field of desert agriculture in dry places. In this research hydrogel was prepared under several conditions in order...