Hans LiwångSwedish Defence University · Systems Science for Defence and Security
Hans Liwång
Ph.D.
Associate Professor, Swedish Defence University & Researcher, KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
About
32
Publications
12,090
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165
Citations
Citations since 2017
Introduction
Do you want to know more about my view on ship security, naval ships, risk, risk analysis and safety? Visit my blog “Risky business at sea” (http://shipsandrisk.blogspot.com). The posts are spin offs from my research about risks in novel operations at sea.
Additional affiliations
December 2017 - present
Position
- Researcher
Description
- Naval Architecture and Maritime Systems
September 2010 - March 2015
Education
October 2010 - November 2012
October 2010 - March 2015
September 1995 - November 1999
Publications
Publications (32)
Piracy can lead to risks so high that they, according to the International Maritime Organization, are tolerable only if risk reduction is not practicable or is disproportionate to the benefits achieved. Therefore, there is a need for reducing ship security risks in relation to antagonistic threats such as piracy.
The aim of this study is to identif...
Piracy is one of the most frequent maritime threats. However, despite the importance of how maritime piracy is to be reduced, it is substantially less investigated than maritime safety. Piracy off Somalia is the most investigated case of piracy, but those results are not necessarily generalizable. Piracy off West Africa has been shown to be more di...
Risk management is a decision-support process and a vital tool for military planning and decision-making. Today, several nations utilize risk-based approaches to analyze the level of security in military operations. There are both strengths and challenges in applying risk-based approaches to support military decisions. In this article, the challeng...
Intact stability describes a ship's stability in waves to avoid incidents. Operational safety measures are an important aspect of a holistic safety approach for intact stability. The aim of this study is to provide a structure of the relationship between key elements of the intact stability risk concept. Such a structure has implications for risk a...
There is a gap between policy-makers and technology development. This gap leads to risks concerning nontechnical system properties and ineffective interactions between technical and social components. The study investigates co-creation between government, industry, and academia and how nontechnical system properties and interactions between technic...
Technology development in the areas of uncrewed and autonomous systems is creating many opportunities, both in the civil and the military realm. The technology itself has become faster and more precise in the situations it is exposed to compared to a human in the same situation, bringing on the discussion of where and when these systems are accepta...
Fewer qualified platforms and reduced personnel within the navy are the reality for many nations, although operational requirements might have remained the same or increased over time. At the same time, research is advancing in unmanned and autonomous systems, which have also found application in military use. Therefore , navies need to develop app...
Based on a report made by the Swedish Higher Education Authority from 2017, which covered all of Sweden’s 47 higher education institutions, this paper examines the work with sustainable development at universities. The text also gives suggestions on how the area could be developed for those institutions in higher education that have not yet measure...
Traditionally, military technology development was led by a military rationality. Now, civilian development lead and military applications emerge from this development. This creates new social challenges for military technology development. These challenges are larger than a specific technology and a specific stakeholder and relate to the understan...
Fatalities on board military vessels are the result of different types of incidents, including both accidents and antagonistic attacks. The aim of this study is to identify aspects that determine the safety and operability of military vessels from a sociotechnical perspective. Safety is studied in relation to four different types of operations: the...
Purpose
This study has a scope limited to a specific course and changes integrated to the core of the KTH naval architecture master program. The students in the program have earlier experience from engineering applications in a general sustainability perspective and understand the basic concepts within sustainability. Therefore, to introduce furthe...
Operational safety measures are an important aspect of a holistic safety approach for intact stability. With the aim to facilitate and further investigate potential operational measures this research aims to describe a framework for prioritizing intact stability issues suitable for being addressed with operational safety measures. The proposed fram...
2010 ändrade marinen definitionen av geografiska områden för säker fart för re-spektive fartygsklass, d v s fartområden. Den nya regeln baseras på ett EU-direktiv för civila passagerarfartyg. Här beskriven utredning undersöker säkerhetseffekten av denna regel i förhållande till säkerhetsnivån i marinens verksamhet 1990-2015. Utredningen följer the...
Traditionellt har synen på teknik i Försvarsmakten präglats av en uppdelning i olika typer av militär personal: ’tekniker’ och ’officerare’. ’Teknikern’ är den som hanterar tekniken och ’officeren’ är den som hanterar operationen. Detta har varit en behändig uppdelning som gett ’officeren' en ursäkt att slippa bry sig om tekniken och ’teknikern’ et...
The anchoring effect is a well-studied subject. This article connects the effect with the rules-in-use within a military intelligence institution. Particularly the rules-in-use that dictate that an analyst takes his or hers starting point from recently conducted assessments of the specific area or threat. The threat assessment as well as the writte...
In military operations, balancing risk is central, and a desire to entirely avoid risk may affect the potential for achieving military goals. Therefore, risk is an important aspect for understanding the operational conditions. This study discusses the assessment of operational risk to support ship design decisions. Fire is a common consequence of w...
The authors are to be thanked for publishing results from their Swedish Navy funded work into frigate Survivability. Given the sensitivity of the subject, while there have been a lot of recently published articles on the topic of warship survivability, it is worthwhile to get a view from a navy still considering relatively small warships to be frig...
Choosing suitable survivability measures is a demanding task that has to start early in the ship design process. Throughout the design process there is a need for compromises that will define and sometimes limit future operations or capabilities. In this study generic survivability measures are compared. The study also examines the sensitivity of t...
The protection of shipping does not come without hazards and threats for military forces, individual civilian ship operators and crews. With particular focus on security threats, this thesis is about how to prepare for such operations without introducing unnecessary risks, i.e., supporting conscious risk-taking related to ship security. It examines...
Choosing suitable survivability measures is a demanding task that has to start early in the ship design process. Throughout the design process there is a need for compromises that will define and sometimes limit future operations or capabilities. In this study generic survivability measures are compared. The study also examines the sensitivity of t...
Today several nations utilise risk based approaches in military planning. However, the discussion on limitations with the approaches in regard to aspects such as uncertainties, the nature of the threat and risk to civilians is limited.
The aim of this work is to identify important challenges when applying risk based approaches to military activity....
This study reviews ship security assessment. The objectives are to explore the possibilities for quantifying and performing a more thorough ship security risk analysis than that described in the International Ship and Port Facility Security code and to evaluate to what extent this more detailed analysis increases ship security and facilitate the ef...
The threat of piracy to commercial shipping is a concern for the protection and safeguarding of human lives, property and environment. Therefore, ships under piracy threat should follow security measures suggested by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somali. It is, therefore, important to...
Chalmers University of Technology and the Swedish National Defence College research the conditions for a risk-based ship security analysis approach. Hans Liwång, licentiate in Engineering, at Chalmers explains further.
The demands on maritime operations today are increasingly higher in terms of control, efficiency and cost. The margins for accidents and security incidents are therefore decreasing. In the area of ship safety the regulations, guidelines and methods have a history and culture of systematic research, development and implementation. In
contrast, inter...
Conflicts of today are characterized by both traditional and irregular tactics and non-state actors making innovative use of modern technologies. These conditions set new demands on naval ships. The aim of this investigation is to describe how, based on probabilistic risk assessment, the concept of operation for a naval ship can be turned into safe...
Codes, regulations and rules promote survivability efforts for naval ships, but it is not defined how the results should be interacting with other safety-related goals defined by the state or recommended by NATO or classification societies.
Effectiveness, survivability, freedom of action and allowable risk levels are, for naval ships, linked. Howev...
Conflicts of today are characterized by both traditional and irregular tactics and by non-state actors making innovative use of modern technologies. These conditions set new demands on naval ships. The aim of this investigation is to describe how, based on probabilistic risk assessment, the concept of operation for a naval ship can be turned into s...
The NATO Standardization Agency (NSA) is proposing a Naval Ship Code (NSC) that can be applied to surface naval vessels and other vessels operated by the armed forces or agencies of a state. The NSC is optional and based on, and benchmarked against, conventions and resolutions of the International Maritime Organisation. The NSC cover areas such as...
Over the years, the word stealth has been used more and more when discussing design and operational characteristics in military applications. New and more challenging techniques are constantly being applied to minimize signatures and thus hinder or delay detection and identification.
The Visby Class Corvette is a multipurpose combat ship with 600 t...
Projects
Project (1)
Today, nations and organizations employ risk-based approaches to analyze the level of security in military operations. There are strengths to applying risk-based approaches to support military decisions, but there are also challenges. However, many of these challenges are not recognized in doctrines or handbooks. This project aims to shed some light on both challenges and possibilities specifically in relation to military organizations and military decision-making.
