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Publications (223)
The present study aims at identifying sleep patterns in insomnia in a clinical sample using three strategies to define poor nights. Sleep diaries and self‐reported questionnaires were collected from 77 clinical patients with insomnia. The conditional probabilities of observing a poor night after 1, 2, or 3 consecutive poor nights were computed acco...
Teleworking remains an attractive option for many workers since the COVID-19 pandemic, but it presents significant management challenges, particularly when employees face health issues. The management of virtual presenteeism, where employees continue teleworking despite being ill, has received limited attention. This study explores the relationship...
The first goal of this longitudinal study was to examine the strength and direction of the relations between post-separation parental conflict (PSPC) and father-child physical contact, as reported by the mother, at the time of separation (Time 1) and in the following 2 years (Time 2). A cross-lagged panel model was conducted with a sample of 198 pa...
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the education and healthcare sectors were severely affected. There is a need to investigate the ways in which these workers in at-risk sectors can be protected and through what mechanisms. The aims of this research are, therefore, (1) to assess the mediating role of job demands and resources in the relationship between...
Introduction
Intensive sleep retraining (ISR) is a promising alternative treatment option for individuals who do not respond to standard cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. ISR capitalizes on two potential modes of actions: 1) a reconditioning between the bed and bedroom with rapid sleep onset and 2) an increase in the homeostatic sleep driv...
This longitudinal study is based on family systems theory and aims to explore the association between the quality of the separated parents’ relationship and the frequency of father–child contact up to five years after parental separation. Using data collected from 408 families from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD), multile...
Importance
Daytime functional impairments are the primary reasons for patients with insomnia to seek treatment, yet little is known about what the optimal treatment is for improving daytime functions and how best to proceed with treatment for patients whose insomnia has not remitted.
Objectives
To compare the efficacy of behavioral therapy (BT) an...
Cet article empirique vise à comprendre l’incidence de l’insomnie des personnes qui ont rapporté avoir vécu un événement stressant. Les événements stressants étudiés seront en lien avec des difficultés relationnelles continues, notamment la séparation maritale, le divorce et le décès du conjoint. À la première mesure, tous les participants sont de...
Introduction
Insomnia is a major public health concern and one of the most prevalent health issues among adults. Identifying protective and risk factors for insomnia could help identify vulnerable populations and design public health interventions to prevent some adverse medical and mental health consequences. The study objective was to identify pr...
Objective/background
Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) substantially reduces total wake time (TWT) by the end of treatment. In contrast, total sleep time (TST) does not increase above baseline levels for most patients following 4–8 sessions of treatment. In the 6–12 months following CBT-I, without any further intervention, up to 64...
A latent class growth curve analysis was conducted to model post-separation, paternal involvement trajectories over an 8-year period from the time of separation. Our sample was composed of 245 separated mothers whose data was drawn from a representative survey of Québec children. Four classes of distinct trajectories were identified: shared-time, n...
There is emerging research that considers presenteeism as a neutral behavior that has both positive and negative predictors and outcomes for individuals and organizations. This neutral perspective diverges from the traditional negative view of presenteeism and is aligned with the Health-Performance Framework of Presenteeism (HFPF) in which presente...
The psychosocial safety climate (PSC) reflects workers’ perceptions of senior management’s concern for mental health. Because the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated organizational issues, PSC could be a target for interventions attempting to preserve both the psychological health of employees and the economic health of companies. This study examines...
Study objectives:
In most standardized approaches to cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), it is commonly the case that total wake time reduces substantially during sleep restriction, but self-reported total sleep time (TST) is minimally affected. By follow-up, however, TST increases by almost 1 hour on average. A secondary analysis w...
Organizational studies suggest that certain psychosocial working conditions are liable
to foster positive health outcomes, such as engaging in leisure-time physical activities. However, the psychosocial factors contributing to this improvement remain unexplored, particularly in the workplace and in the context of the decline observed in the physica...
Background
Insomnia and cognitive impairment are both common conditions experienced by people diagnosed with cancer. Individually, these conditions have negative impacts on functioning, but the combined burden has yet to be evaluated. The purpose of this research was to estimate rates of comorbid insomnia and perceived cognitive impairments, examin...
Study Objectives
It is common to provide insomnia patients a second treatment when the initial treatment fails, but little is known about optimal treatment sequences for different patient types. This study examined whether pre-treatment characteristics/traits predict optimal treatment sequences for insomnia patients.
Methods
A community sample of...
Study Objectives
High rates of sleep and mental health problems have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, but most of the evidence is retrospective without pre-pandemic data.
This study documented rates of prevalent, incident, and persistent insomnia and psychological symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) compared to pre-pandemic data...
Le cancer entraîne plusieurs impacts néfastes sur la santé physique et mentale. Les stratégies d’adaptation utilisées jouent un rôle important dans l’adaptation à la maladie. Puisqu’il peut avoir un impact sur la façon de réagir à un stresseur, le perfectionnisme pourrait être associé à l’utilisation de certaines stratégies. L’objectif de l’étude e...
Importance and Study Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unprecedented changes in social, work, and leisure activities, which all have had major impact on sleep and psychological well-being. This study documented the prevalence of clinical cases of insomnia, anxiety, and depression and selected risk factors (COVID-19, confinement, financia...
Study objectives:
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the recommended first-line treatment for cancer-related insomnia, but its accessibility is very limited in routine care. A stepped care approach has been recommended as a cost-effective way to make CBT-I more widely accessible. However, no controlled study has yet been publishe...
Study Objectives
Concomitant patterns of sleep aid use may provide insight for understanding the transition to chronic sleep medication use. Therefore, we sought to characterize the trajectories of concomitant natural product (NP), over-the-counter (OTC), and prescribed (Rx) sleep aid use in a population-based sample over 12-months.
Methods
Self-r...
Background
Previous research has found that, on average, breast cancer patients tend to become less active during chemotherapy and to increase slightly their physical activity (PA) level afterwards. However, patients may show distinct trajectories of PA during and after chemotherapy. Objectives were to: investigate the global evolution of PA before...
This study systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCT), published in English or Chinese, investigating the effect of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) on significant insomnia/poor sleep quality and accompanying depression and/or anxiety symptoms. A meta-analysis was completed by calculating within-group effect size (ES) o...
Background:
The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a highly stressful event that may lead to significant psychological symptoms, particularly in cancer patients who are at a greater risk of contracting viruses. This study examined the frequency of stressors experienced in relation to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic and its re...
Objective
This study investigated the stress-buffering effect of social support on immune function and infectious risk in women with breast cancer, during and after chemotherapy.
Method
Data were collected from 50 women with breast cancer before and after their chemotherapy, as well as three months later. Stress was measured by daily hassles relat...
Le cancer du sein est une maladie prévalente associée au développement et au maintien de nombreux symptômes pouvant affecter la qualité de vie. Il est important d’explorer ce qui peut influencer les symptômes ressentis. Cette étude longitudinale vise à étudier l’association entre le perfectionnisme (c.-à-d., aspirations perfectionnistes et préoccup...
Importance
Insomnia is a significant public health problem, but there is little information on its natural history.
Objective
To assess the incidence, persistence, and remission rates of insomnia over a 5-year naturalistic follow-up period.
Design, Setting, and Participants
This cohort study included participants with and without sleep problems s...
The long-term relationship between the frequency of father-child contacts (FC) and the quality of the relationship between ex-partner (QR) is not so well understood. This study therefore aims to identify the trajectories of the QR and the FC and their predictors, as well as to verify whether they covariate over time. These objectives are achieved w...
Objective
Despite its high prevalence, cancer‐related insomnia typically remains untreated because of a lack of access to cognitive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I), the treatment of choice for this condition. While face‐to‐face CBT‐I appears to be optimal in terms of efficacy, self‐administered formats may be more cost‐effective. The goal o...
Importance
Despite evidence of efficacious psychological and pharmacologic therapies for insomnia, there is little information about what first-line treatment should be and how best to proceed when initial treatment fails.
Objective
To evaluate the comparative efficacy of 4 treatment sequences involving psychological and medication therapies for i...
Supervised access services (SAS) allow parents who represent a risk for their children or for the other parent to maintain contact with or exchange custody of their children in the presence of a third person. Even though these services have been designed in the children's best interest, few studies have, until now, documented the evolution in the p...
Parental engagement in child protective services could contribute to positive outcomes, such as maltreatment rates diminution, parents’ therapeutic goals achievement, family reunification following out of home placement and well-being enhancement for both parents and children. Described as an evolving and multidimensional phenomenon, parental engag...
Study Objectives
The study objectives were to examined accidental risks associated with insomnia or hypnotic medications, and how these risk factors interact with sex and age.
Methods
A population-based sample of 3413 adults (Mage = 49.0 years old; 61.5% female), with or without insomnia, were surveyed annually for five consecutive years about the...
The stepfamily represents an increasingly common form of the family structure. Numerous studies have nonetheless shown that people living in stepfamilies are often stigmatized. The present study focused on public opinion based on a representative sample ( N = 1,202) regarding: (a) stepfamilies as a unit; (b) the current situation and future of chil...
Objective/Background: Breast cancer patients display high rates of insomnia and chemotherapy treatments appear to contribute significantly to the development of sleep disturbances among this population. The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is now well established for treating insomnia comorbid with cancer but is not wid...
Background:
Insomnia is very common in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Poor sleep is associated with immune alterations but the actual impact on health resulting from such immune changes has rarely been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in women treated with chemotherapy for breast or gynecological cancer, the relationships b...
This systematic review examines studies conducted since the year 2000 on the adjustment of children (0-18 years) in joint custody (30/70%) and on the associated family factors (i.e., parenting and interparental conflict). Studies were extracted following PRISMA. Sixteen quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen assessed internalizin...
Compte tenu des effets néfastes des pensées négatives sur la détresse psychologique et la peur de la récidive du cancer (PRC), la pensée positive est souvent proposée comme une option de rechange avantageuse. Toutefois, l’optimisme irréaliste, un construit apparenté, est associé à la détresse psychologique. Cette étude a pour objectifs d’examiner l...
Objective
We previously investigated the capacity of the original version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-Revised (ESAS-r) and the Canadian Problem Checklist (CPP) to screen for clinical levels of insomnia in cancer patients. The original ESAS-r includes an item assessing drowsiness and an “other symptom” item, both of which are rated on...
Cette étude, menée chez des femmes traitées pour un cancer du sein par chimiothérapie, vise à : (1) dresser un portrait longitudinal global de l’évolution de l’AP mesurée subjectivement (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire; GLTEQ) et objectivement (actigraphe) du pré-traitement jusqu’à six mois post-traitement; (2) étudier la présence de diff...
Background
Cognitive therapy (CT) and bright light therapy (BLT) have been found to be effective to treat depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients. No study has investigated the baseline patients’ characteristics that are associated with better outcomes with CT vs. BLT in this population. This study aimed to assess, in breast cancer patients,...
Study Objectives
Chronic insomnia tends to “wax and wane” over lifetime. The presence of residual insomnia symptoms is common, especially among naturally remitted individuals. This study aims to examine the features of these residual symptoms and their potential association with future relapse.
Methods
A population-based data set on the natural hi...
Purpose
A healthy lifestyle following a cancer diagnosis is associated with reduced risk for a cancer recurrence. Better understanding the interrelationships between multiple health behaviors (HB) in cancer survivors could inform the development of more effective interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle.
Methods
This prospective study assessed...
Objective:
The study goal was to test whether induced stress during driving could be measured at the event level through electrodermal activity responses.
Background:
Stress measured in simulation scenarios could thus far show an overall change in the stress state, but not be well attributed to acute stressful events. Driving simulator scenarios...
Introduction
Most standardized approaches to CBT-I conduct sleep restriction in two phases. Phase 1 involves matching sleep ability to sleep opportunity. Phase 2 involves the titration of sleep opportunity to increase TST. When treatment occurs over 4-8 sessions, it is commonly the case that SL and WASO are substantially reduced but TST is only min...
Background Breast cancer patients tend to experience numerous concurrent psychological symptoms that form clusters. It has been proposed that a common psychological mechanism may underlie the membership of symptoms in a given cluster, but this hypothesis has never been investigated. Maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) is one possible common mechani...
Objectives:
To examine the potential moderating effect of objectively measured sleep duration at baseline on the response to cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), administered singly or combined with medication (CBT-I + Med).
Methods:
Based on the average PSG-derived sleep duration across two baseline nights and the type of treatmen...
Objectives: This study examined the cross-sectional and prospective relationships between subjective (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression and experiential avoidance) and objective (high-frequency heart rate variability [HF-HRV]) measures of emotion regulation (ER) and a set of psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, fear of cancer re...
Shared custody is seen as an ideal of equal coparenting without being chosen by most of separated parents. This paper addresses this apparent paradox by examining public opinion on children's custody. A survey was conducted on a sample of 1,202 French and English-speaking Quebec residents aged 18 years and over. Data show that shared custody is gen...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to uncover the effect of psychosocial safety climate (PSC – a climate for psychological health) on managerial quality and the mediating processes explaining that association. It is posited that the alignment between what is said (espoused PSC) and what is done (enacted PSC via managerial quality) is important f...
Study objectives
Thirty to 60% of cancer patients have insomnia symptoms, a condition which may lead to numerous negative consequences and for which an efficacious management is required. This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy of a 6-week home-based aerobic exercise program (EX) compared to that of a 6-week self-administered...
Objectives
High rates of sleep difficulties have been found in patients with advanced cancer. However, not much is known about factors that are associated with sleep impairments in this population and that could constitute their potential risk factors or consequences. This study conducted in patients with cancer receiving palliative care aimed to e...
Background
Cancer patients commonly report experiencing fear of cancer recurrence (FCR), which may lead to several negative consequences. This study aimed at examining whether clinical levels of FCR are linked to a greater use of health care services.
Method
This is a secondary analysis of a longitudinal study of 962 cancer patients on the epidemi...
L’instrument de mesure multidimensionnel de l’engagement parental en contexte de protection de la jeunesse, le Client Engagement in Child Protective Services (Yatchmenoff, 2005) est évalué dans le cadre d’une étude en deux volets menée auprès de 123 parents québécois. L’adéquation d’une version française de l’instrument psychométrique est vérifiée,...
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is highly prevalent in the general population; however little is known about its evolution and predictors. Our objectives were to document its natural history, provide estimates of its prevalence, incidence and persistence rates, and to identify predictors of increased daytime sleepiness (DS) in a longitudinal com...
Objective: This randomized controlled trial (RCT), conducted in patients with breast cancer, aimed to compare the effects of cognitive therapy (CT), bright light therapy (BLT), and a waiting-list control condition (WLC) on depressive symptoms. Method: Sixty-two women were randomly assigned to an 8-week CT (n = 25), BLT (n = 26), or WLC (n = 11). Pa...
Significant disruptions in sleep–wake cycles have been found in advanced cancer patients in prior research. However, much remains to be known about specific sleep–wake cycle variables that are impaired in patients with a significantly altered performance status. More studies are also needed to explore the extent to which disrupted sleep–wake cycles...
Introduction:
This study aims to empirically validate the French-Canadian version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC), a measure of health-related quality of life for prostate cancer patients.
Methods:
251 participants completed a battery of self-report scales including the French-Canadian version of the EPIC, after having rec...
Objective
Stress and hyperarousal both contribute to insomnia. Elevated stress-related sleep reactivity is associated with hyperarousal, and might constitute a vulnerability to future insomnia. The present study examined acute stress-induced arousal and its association with nocturnal sleep.
Methods
Participants were 30 healthy adults (66.7% female...
Objective
Prevalence rates of sleep difficulties in advanced cancer patients have varied widely across studies (12 to 96%), and none of these employed a diagnostic interview to distinguish different types of sleep–wake disorders. Moreover, very limited information is available on subjective and objective sleep parameters in this population. Our stu...
Introduction
While sleep-wake cycles are known to affect cardiovascular functions, there is little information on nocturnal blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in patients with chronic insomnia. Given that insomnia is a risk factor for hypertension, the aim of the present study was to explore BP and HR patterns over the course of the night in n...
Introduction
Stress and hyperarousal contribute to insomnia. Elevated sleep reactivity, characterized by increased sensitivity in physiological stress response and sleep system, might also constitute a vulnerability to hyperarousal and future insomnia. The present study examined acute stress-induced arousal and its impact on sleep.
Methods
Partici...
Introduction
Objective sleep duration has been proposed as a biological marker of insomnia severity. Based on this conceptualization, two phenotypes have emerged. Insomnia with near-normal sleep duration (NNSD) appears to be related to increased psychological symptoms. Conversely, insomnia with short sleep duration (SSD) is associated with an incre...
Introduction
Sleep disturbances become very common during menopause with an estimated 40% to 60% of menopausal women reporting poor sleep quality and about 25% meeting criteria for an insomnia disorder. Several factors contribute to the increased incidence of sleep disturbances during menopause including hot flashes, hormonal changes, mood disturba...
Introduction
Despite evidence supporting pharmacological and cognitive/behavioral insomnia therapies, it remains unclear how best to combined these therapies to optimize outcomes. This paper reports findings from a two-site randomized clinical trial examining the efficacy of these therapies, employed individually and in various sequences.
Methods...
The goal of the present study was to shed light on the relation between postseparation custody arrangements and family contexts in which school-age children (8–12 years old) live so as to better understand the processes underlying their adjustment. The sample was composed of 112 dyads (parents and children) from families in joint custody (n = 37) o...
Hyperarousal is a 24-h state of elevated cognitive and physiological activation, and is a core feature of insomnia. The extent to which sleep quality is affected by stressful events-so-called sleep reactivity-is a vulnerability factor for developing insomnia. Given the increasing prevalence of insomnia with age, we aimed to investigate how hyperaro...
Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in theory of mind (ToM) (i.e., the ability to infer the mental states of others) and cognition. Associations have often been reported between cognition and ToM, and ToM mediates the relationship between impaired cognition and impaired functioning in schizophrenia. Given that cognitive deficits could act as...
Objective:
Significant levels of anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms are found in cancer patients. Perfectionism, arousability and coping have been associated with these psychological symptoms in the general population but their role among cancer patients remains to be assessed. This study examined the longitudinal relationships between perf...
Supplementary Material provides detailed results for ToM, neuropsychological, metacognitive and clinical measures, including raw scores, percentiles and RCIs for each case.
There is a widespread belief that positive thinking is a key strategy to cope with cancer. While dispositional optimism is associated with lower psychological distress, the literature supporting the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy indirectly suggests that realistic thinking is also effective. This article describes the development of the T...
Study objectives:
There is little information about familial aggregation of insomnia, however, this type of information is important to (1) improve our understanding of insomnia risk factors and (2) to design more effective treatment and prevention programs. This study aimed to investigate evidence of familial aggregation of insomnia among first-d...
Purpose
Insomnia is highly prevalent in cancer patients. Efficacious treatments exist for this condition but, for these interventions to be offered, an effective screening needs to be carried out beforehand. The pan-Canadian practice guidelines on sleep disturbances provide recommendations on how to use the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS)...
Background:
Although cancer patients are generally strongly advised to quit smoking in order to improve treatment efficacy and survival, up to 68 % of patients who were smokers at the time of cancer diagnosis continue smoking. Psychological factors such as depression and anxiety are likely to be associated with smoking behavior following a cancer...
While impairment of daytime functioning due to poor sleep is often the main determinant for seeking treatment, few studies have examined the clinical impact of insomnia therapies on daytime outcomes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), alone and combined with medication, on various indice...
OBJECTIVE. The present study prospectively investigated the day-to-day bidirectional relationships between objective measures of sleep parameters and physical activity among breast cancer patients with insomnia symptoms.
METHODS. A subgroup of participants (N = 66) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial for insomnia comorbid with cancer wore a...
Study objectives:
The Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) is a self-report tool that measures sleep reactivity (i.e., vulnerability to experience situational insomnia under stressful conditions). Sleep reactivity has been termed a "trait-like" vulnerability; however, evidence of its long-term stability is lacking. The main objective of t...