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Introduction
Publications
Publications (56)
Formal learning in higher education creates its own challenges for didactics, teaching, technology, and organization. The growing need for well-educated employees requires new ideas and tools in education. Within the ROLE project, three personal learning environments based on ROLE technology were used to accompany “traditional” teaching and learnin...
The contributions in this volume focus on the Bayesian interpretation of natural languages, which is widely used in areas of artificial intelligence, cognitive science, and computational linguistics. This is the first volume to take up topics in Bayesian Natural Language Interpretation and make proposals based on information theory, probability the...
Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) is a term that can be used to describe an individual’s ability to develop a skill set allowing him or her to learn in a number of different ways. SRL can also relate to new pedagogical theories that encourage teachers in formal education to motivate and support their students into achieving a high level of self-regulat...
This article presents an approach that supports the creation of personal learning environments (PLE) suitable for self-regulated learning (SRL). PLEs became very popular in recent years offering more personal freedom to learners than traditional learning environments. However, creating and configuring PLEs demand specific meta-skills that not all l...
The ROLE project (Responsive Open Learning Environments, EU 7th Framework Programme, grant agreement no.: 231396, 2009-2013) was focused on the next generation of Personal Learning Environments (PLEs). A ROLE PLE is a bundle of interoperating widgets -often realised as cloud services - used for teaching and learning. In this paper, we first describ...
Large classes at universities (>1600 students) create their own challenges for teaching and learning. Audience feedback is lacking and fine tuning of lectures, courses and exam preparation to address individual needs is very difficult to achieve. At RWTH Aachen University, a course concept and a knowledge map learning tool aimed to support individu...
Coordinating requirements engineering (RE) and evaluation studies across heterogeneous technology-enhanced learning (TEL) environments is deemed challenging, because each of them is situated in a specific organizational, technical and socio-cultural context. We have dealt with such challenges in the project of ROLE (http://www.role-project.eu/) in...
Analogous to keywords describing the important and relevant content of a document we extract key actions from learners' usage data assuming that they represent important and relevant parts of their learning behaviour. These key actions enable the teachers to better understand the dynamics in their classes and the problems that occur while learning....
This paper presents an approach and an integrated tool that supports the creation of personal learning environments suitable for self-regulated learning. The rationale behind this approach is an ontology of cognitive and meta-cognitive learning activities that are related to widgets from a Widget Store. Patterns of such learning activities allow fo...
In this paper, we introduce a new way of detecting semantic similarities between learning objects by analyzing their usage in a web portal. Our approach does not rely on the content of the learning objects or on the relations between the users and the learning objects but on usage-based relations between the objects themselves. The technique we app...
The ROLE project (Responsive Open Learning Environments) is focused on the next generation of Personal Learning Environments (PLE). In this paper, we first describe the engineering process used to create either a new widget bundle, a group of applications or service widgets. The widgets integrated in a ROLE PLE consist of two cloud-based services,...
Natural history museums collect and provide access to digital representations of artifacts from their vast collections. The
representations are used, among others, to facilitate their use in educational settings. For example, school teachers use
them to prepare class visits to the museums. In the context of the European project Natural Europe, thes...
The growing amount of available information on the internet makes the process of filtering appropriate information an increasing challenge. Because currently existing approaches provide insufficient results in many cases, we propose a new way of relating objects based on their usage. We assume that objects which are significantly often used in the...
We present new ways of detecting semantic relations between learning resources, e. g. for recommendations, by only taking their usage but not their content into account. We take concepts used in linguistic lexicology and transfer them from their original field of application, i. e. sequences of words, to the analysis of sequences of resources extra...
Digital systems, such as phones, computers and PDAs, place continuous demands on our cognitive and perceptual systems. They offer information and interaction opportunities well above our processing abilities, and often interrupt our activity. Appropriate allocation of attention is one of the key factors determining the success of creative activitie...
We describe and motivate the use of a schema for contextualized attention metadata (CAM) and a framework for capturing and exploiting such data. CAM are data about computer-related activities and the foci of attention of computer users. As such, they are a prerequisite for the personalization of both information and task environments. We outline th...
One could define vagueness as the existence of borderline cases and
characterise the philosophical debate on vagueness as being about the
nature of these. The prevalent theories of vagueness can be divided into
three categories, paralleling three logical interpretations of
borderline cases: (i) a borderline case is a case of a truth-value gap;
it i...
This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Workshop on Vagueness in Communication, VIC 2009, held as part of ESSLLI 2009, in Bordeaux, France, July 20-24, 2009.
The 11 contributions presented shed a light on new aspects in the area of vagueness in natural language communication. In contrast to the classical instruments of dealing wi...
Recommender systems are widely used online to support users in finding relevant information. They can be based on different techniques such as content-based and collaborative filtering. In this paper, we introduce a new way of similarity calculation for item-based collaborative filtering. Thereby we focus on the usage of an object and not on the ob...
Responsive open learning environments (ROLEs) compile contents and services in such a way that service widgets can communicate with each other. ROLEs thus enable existing learning management systems to enhance their learning offers which in turn become part of the ROLE. As a technical proof of concept we DS by means of a language learning prototype...
Successful self-regulated learning in a personalized learning environment (PLE) requires self-monitoring of the learner and
reflection of learning behaviour. We introduce a tool called CAMera for monitoring and reporting on learning behaviour and
thus for supporting learning reflection. The tool collects usage metadata from diverse application prog...
An important activity for the learner while learning is the reflection on the learning path and strategy. So far, not many tools provide an automatic support for the reflection on the learning activities. Here, we describe our approach to enable reflection with the help of usage and contextual metadata. We describe how we capture usage information...
In this chapter, I will develop the hypothesis of optimal accentuation, show on which premises this hypothesis is based, and discuss some objections.
The following examples, which were already given in the Introduction, show that the use conditions of a sentence can be influenced by accentuation:
(1)
a. Who did John introduce to Sue? — John introduced BILL to Sue.
b.
To whom did John introduce Bill? — John introduced Bill to SUE.
The declarative sentences of the examples can be uttered as answer...
The following examples show that accentuation can change the conditions under which a sentence can be used:
(1)
a. Who did John introduce to Sue? — John introduced BILL to Sue.
b.
To whom did John introduce Bill? — John introduced Bill to SUE.
The declarative sentences in the examples (1-a) and (1-b) can be used felicitously as answers to the quest...
According to the communication model described in the previous chapter, a message is encoded into a signal by the speaker and transmitted to the recipient. The recipient recognises (decodes) the signal. The recognition may be imperfect; nonetheless, the recipient may still be able to reconstruct and interpret the complete message.
Following the model developed here, information exchange through natural language functions as follows: a speaker sends a message by uttering a word or a sequence of words. The message denotes either a proposition or a question, regardless of whether the words form a complete sentence. A recipient recognises some of the uttered words; he might even...
Acknowledgements Introduction: Pragmatic and Semantic Effects of Accentuation Optimal Accentuation Cooperative Information Exchange Reconstruction of Messages Optimal Accentuation vs. Focus Accentuation Summary References Index
Die Universität Bonn verfügt über ein elektronisches Korpus von Immanuel Kants gesammelten Schriften gemäß den Abteilungen 1–3 der Akademie-Ausgabe. Dieses Korpus bildet die Grundlage einer elektronischen Edition der Schriften Kants, auf die über die Webseite des ehemaligen1 Instituts für Kommunikationsforschung und Phonetik zugegriffen werden kann...
chulz Approaching the Logic of Conversational Implicatures 11:30--12:00 Marian Counihan Natural language in the psychology lab 12:00--14:00 LUNCH BREAK 14:00--14:30 Hans-Christian Schmitz Stop thinking! --- Discourse particles block your mind 14:30--15:00 Bernhard Fisseni Something empirical about focus 15:30--16:00 Bernhard Schroder Neuroevolution...
1. Optimal Accentuation (H) Accents appear in speech signals as relative raising of the pitch, intensity and/or duration. I make two claims concering accentuation: (H.1) Accents are used to emphasize expressions in spoken language. Due to acoustic disturbances and variations in attention, the recipient of a spoken utterance may perceive only parts...
We describe five experiments on the accentuation of complex foci, i.e. of foci that consist of more than one word. The results of the experiments can be taken as evidence for the hypothesis of optimal accentuation according to which those words that are crucial for understanding an utterance are to be accentuated (cf. (Schmitz, 2005)). The results...
In this paper we claim that eigentlich is an example of a particle that has no semantic (truth- conditional) meaning, but rather signals which role a speech act plays within the given discourse by blocking contextually salient conclusions that otherwise might be drawn by the recipient.
Experimental data on the interpretation of the German adverb "eigentlich" are presented. The formal account of Schmitz and Schroder (2004) to the explanation of these data is discussed and substantially modified. We arrive at an improved account that makes use of the integration of pragmatic operations of meaning enrichment into compositional seman...
The German word "eigentlich" is used as an adjective, a modal adverb or a dis- course particle. The adjective, the adverb and the particle are etymologically and semantically related. "Eigentlich" is frequently used. There is disagree- ment on the meaning of "eigentlich". We analyse the meaning of the modal adverb and the discourse particle. We cla...
In this paper, firstly we will define the notion of a usage context profile (UCP) for data objects. The UCP of an object o can be derived from a set of usage histories; it contains the objects that were used before and after o was accessed. Secondly, we will introduce a similarity measure for UCPs. Thirdly, we will claim the hypothesis that usage s...
Bonn, Universiẗat, Diss., 2005 (Nicht für den Austausch).