Halit Yetisir

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• Doktora
• Prof. dr. at Erciyes University

In evaluations conducted under high and low nitrogen conditions, the morphological and physiological performance of pepper genotypes was compared across tissue culture and hydroponic systems. Under low nitrogen conditions, most genotypes showed similar rankings in both systems, indicating stable and environment-independent genotypic responses. Nota...

In this study, the response of Besni pepper (Capsicum annuum L), one of the local varieties of Turkey, to anther culture was determined. A total of 26 Besni pepper genotypes and 3 control cultivars were examined for their response to anther culture. One hundred and fifty anthers from each pepper genotype were cultured under in vitro conditions. A s...

Globally, salinity has a devastating effect on plant yield and quality. The breeding of salt-tolerant varieties/rootstocks is crucial to reducing these effects. This study involved 35 hybrid rootstock candidates, their female and male parent lines, 9 genotypes (Lagenaria siceraria). In hydroponic conditions, rootstock candidates were evaluated for...

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are free-existing soil-borne bacteria that can be used as bioinoculants in place of chemical fertilizers to directly or indirectly enhance plant growth. This study aimed to characterize PGPR native to the rhizosphere of alfalfa plants in Kayseri and evaluate their efficacy on the growth parameters of toma...

Members of the Cucurbitaceae family, which includes species with quite different characteristics, have been used for food, medicine, and ornamental purposes for a long time. However, most plant diseases and pests cause yield and quality losses in cucurbits, and one of the most important of these diseases is zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), whic...

Çalışmada Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinden temin edilen kıl, sivri ve dolma biber saf hatların ve farklı biber anaçlarının büyüme, bitkisel gelişim ve yaprak fizyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışma sonucunda güçlü kök yapısına olanlar ve zayıf gelişen saf hatlar belirlenerek, bir sonraki çalışmada güçlü kök yapısına sahip olanlar üzerine...

This study was conducted to determine salt-tolerance levels of different pepper genotypes and to determine of correlation the efficiency of in vitro and hydroponic culture salt-testing procedures. For this purposes, 7 different pepper genotypes were subjected to control (0 mM) and 5 different NaCl levels 50, 100, 125, 150 mM in in vitro and hydropo...

An instrumental aspect of modern plant breeding revolves around the production of haploid plants and the subsequent generation of double haploid (DH) plants. This innovation accelerates the process of achieving homozygosity through self-pollination, significantly truncating the timeline. In the present study, flowers of two cucumber varieties ('Kro...

Pure lines, i.e., 100% homozygous lines, are invaluable in plant breeding programs and can be produced gynogenetically. Use of irradiated pollen in pollinations induces parthenogenetic haploids in various vegetable and ornamental plants. Following irradiation of pollen using X or gamma rays, the pollen successfully germinate and tube growth takes p...

In this study, ploidy levels were determined by stomatal observations and flow cytometry analysis of plants polyploidised by the application of 0.05% colchicine to seedlings at the first true leaf stage. In the study of developing polyploid watermelon rootstocks, the survival rate of the plants was 77%, and the polyploidisation rates were 11% and 3...

Excessive and unconscious use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in crop production causes deterioration of soil health, environmental pollution, and an increase in the population of pathogens and pests in the soil. There are many toxic and dangerous chemicals in agricultural ecosystems, and they get into plants, soil, groundwater, and food. As...

An unfertilized ovary culture is an effective approach for inducing haploid plants that can significantly reduce breeding time. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs), floral stages, and heat pre-treatments on the formation of embryo-like structures (ELS) and calli in watermelon using the unfertilized ov...

Sebze yetiştiriciliğinin temel konularından biri ve gelişmesi devam eden önemli bir sektör olan fidecilik alanında çalışan araştırmacılar, akademisyenler, yetiştiriciler ve öğrencilerin ihtiyaç duyabilecekleri teknik bilgiye ulaşmayı sağlamak üzere hazırlanan ve iki ciltten oluşan eserde; tohumdan fideye, tarihsel gelişim sürecinden aşılama teknikl...

Sebze yetiştiriciliğinin temel konularından biri ve gelişmesi devam eden önemli bir sektör olan fidecilik alanında çalışan araştırmacılar, akademisyenler, yetiştiriciler ve öğrencilerin ihtiyaç duyabilecekleri teknik bilgiye ulaşmayı sağlamak üzere hazırlanan ve iki ciltten oluşan eserde; tohumdan fideye, tarihsel gelişim sürecinden aşılama teknikl...

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to assess whether grafting with citroides rootstocks could improve the salt tolerance of cucumber. One cucumber cultivar (Mercur F1) was grafted onto six diploid and tetraploid (auto and allo) citroides genotypes and the commercial rootstocks Argentario and RS841. Plants were grown in hydroponic culture at two...

The emergence of some physiological and fruit quality problems due to the common squash rootstocks used in watermelon has led researchers to search for alternative rootstocks sources. Exploitation of novel Citrullus germplasm such as citronmelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) is an alternative to avoid these problems. In this study, rootstocks...

The genotypic differences in nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency of third backcrossed (BC3) progenies of Sena (Capsicum annuum L.; recurrent parent) and Kopan (Chile penguin; donor parent) pepper plants were determined by examining the changes in the shoot growth at agronomical, root growth at morphological and leaf development at physiological lev...

In grafted seedling production, in addition to the compatibility and performance of the rootstock, the correct selection of the grafting method and the treatments to the rootstocks nd scion are effective on the success of the graft. A three-stage trial was conducted to determine the appropriate grafting method, the effect of root cutting, and some...

The pepper genetic resources, which is a widely produced and consumed vegetable in Turkey and the world, are faced with some threats arising from the environmental conditions and agricultural activities. Therefore, it is very important to protect pepper genetic resources and include them in breeding programs. During the production adventure of pepp...

Colchicine (%0.5) was applied to the bottle gourd genotypes 39-01 and 70-07 at first true leaf stage. Stomata diameter (µm), stomata length (µm), stomatal density (number mm2 ), chloroplast number in guard cells measurements and flow cytometry analyzes were performed in diploid (0.0%) and possible polyploid (0.5%) plants. In the 39-01, the number o...

24 lines in naked seed pumpkin developed by selection breeding method were investigated in terms of fruit and seed yield characteristics in Kırşehir conditions. The highest average fruit number per plant was obtained from the breeding line no. 22 (5.29 units), and the highest average fruit weight was obtained from the breeding line no. 24 (4.070 kg...

The aim of the present study was to determine genotypic differences in shoot growth, leaf physiological and root morphological development of some fruit bearing vegetables at different rates of nitrogen supply. A short-term hydroponic experiment was conducted between January and February in 2018 by using a non-flow nutrient film technique (NFT) in...

Sonuçlar: Elde edilen neticelere göre azot dozları artığında bitkide gövde ve kök biyomas gelişimi de artış göstermiştir. Gövde ve kökte yaş ve kuru madde miktarları düşük-N dozuna göre istatistiki olarak optimal-N ve yüksek-N koşullarında artmıştır. Fakat optimal-N ile yüksek-N arasında yaş ve kuru gövde ve kök miktarları bakımından her hangi bir...

To assess whether grafting could improve the nitrogen (N) efficiency of potato cultivars and to determine which physiological and morphological characteristics are predominantly contributing to N efficiency, a hydroponic experiment was conducted. Two contrasting potato cultivars (Agria: N‑efficient and Van Gogh: N‑inefficient) were grafted reciproc...

Flowers of two cucumber varieties (‘Kros’ and ‘Silah’) were collected at three different stages; 12 hours before anthesis, at the time of anthesis, and 12 h after anthesis following the sterilization and culturing of ovaries in different induction mediums having Thidizuron (TDZ), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and Kinetin (Kn) were used as...

The goal of the present study was to determine whether grafting of watermelon on gourd rootstocks could improve alkalinity tolerance and to investigate the physiological and morphological response mechanisms of the grafted plants under different pH levels. The experiment was carried out in a climate chamber to investigate growth, leaf chlorophyll c...

This study was conducted to determine the response of Salvia tomentosa Mill. and Salvia officinalis L. to different salinity levels. The salvia plants were grown in 8 L pots filled with the continuously aerated nutrient solution under different salt levels 1 (control), 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 dS m-1 in fully automated climate chambers. The fresh and dry w...

In this study, pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) inbred lines were grafted onto different rootstock genotypes and tested under saline conditions. A hydroponic experiment was conducted in nutrient solution growth system in a growth chamber of Erciyes University, Agricultural Faculty in Kayseri, Turkey. The experiment was conducted in spring 2017 growth se...

Watermelon fruit from Crimson Tide (CT) and Crisby (CR) grafted onto Ferro, RS841, Argentario, and Macis rootstocks and ungrafted CT and CR were compared for effects of low temperature storage on chilling injury, physical and biochemical changes at 0°C and 85‒90% relative humidity for 21 days. After storage, fruit were hold to 21°C and 75‒80% relat...

In this study, two hydroponic experiments were carried out in a nutrient solution growth system in a growth chamber to determine the morphological and physiological background of nitrogen efficiency in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). In the first experiment, 16 pepper inbred lines and 2 pepper commercial rootstocks were screened under 2 nitrogen (N) d...

This study was carried out to screen Turkish bottle gourd (BG) [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] germplasm against Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) disease. In 2015, the response of bottle gourd accessions to disease was determined by mechanical inoculation in a greenhouse (101) and by natural infection in a field (158). Plant leaf samples co...

Bottlegourd [ Cucurbitaceae family (2 is a widely grown successfully throughout different geography of the world. Hundreds of accessions are grown showing morphological diversity in plants and fruits, even taste, color, aroma, flesh changed. Plants morpho various ecological conditions. diversity markers are more efficient and reliable than ISSR, SR...

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to assess whether grafting with Cucurbita rootstocks could improve the salt tolerance of melon scions and to determine the physiological, biochemical, and nutritional responses induced by the rootstocks under salt stress. Two melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars (Citirex and Altinbas) were grafted onto two commerc...

In recent researches, it is emphasized that the problem of hunger has come up with the rapidly increasing population all over the world and therefore the importance of agricultural production is increasing. However, the spatial loss and structural deterioration of agricultural production in agricultural lands is an important problem. The most impor...

Forty-four V. dahliae isolates were collected from symptomatic vascu-lar tissues of okra plants each from a different field in eight provinces located in the eastern Mediterranean and western Anatolia regions of Turkey during 2006-2009. Nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants of V. dahliae from okra were used to determine heterokaryosis and genetic rela...

In this study, 36 different ornamental pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. ovifera (L.) Alef.) genotypes were analyzed in terms of detailed morphological parameters, molecular properties, and some nutritional features. In this regard, high morphological diversity among the genotypes was observed in terms of plant, leaf and fruit characteristics. Molecu...

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the rootstock effects on the fruit and seed yield and leaf nutrient contents of pepper, four pepper inbred lines (ER? 1227 and ER? 462: Long fruited green pepper type; 21 H-1-2 and 33 H-3-1: Bell shaped pepper type) were grafted onto two pepper rootstock genotypes (46 KB F1 and Scarface F1). The non-g...

Bu çalışmada, Türk su kabakları genetik kaynaklarından örnek bir grubun bazı tohum ve meyve özelikleri ile tohum verimi belirlenmiştir. Her genotipten 10 fide 3,0 *0,5 m aralıklar açık atarla koşullarına dikilmiştir. Toprak hazırlığı döneminde 10 kg N da-1, 10 kg P2O5 da-1 ve 10 kg K2O da-1 olacak şekilde gübre verilmiştir. Meyve çapı, meyve uzunlu...

A hydroponic experiment was conducted between April and May in 2018 by using an aerated Deep Water Culture (DWC) technique in a controlled growth chamber of Erciyes University, Agricultural Faculty in Kayseri, Turkey. To evaluate contribution of roots for growth and physiology a commercial watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai] c...

In this study, rootstock effects of bottle gourds on nutrient uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon were investigated. Watermelon seedlings were grafted onto Birecik, Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRGold. Non-grafted plants were used as control. The seedlings were transplanted and kept under plastic tunnel until climatic conditions were suit...

This study is the perpetuation of a previously conducted research with the aim of investigating the the effects of four clone rootstocks (Nun9075 F1, RS841 F1, TZ148 F1and Avar F1) and two local squash landraces (Cucurbita moschata L.) on the plant growth and development of Falconstar F1cucumber under greenhouse in spring and summer periods. Result...

In this study, two hydroponic experiments were conducted in nutrient solution growth system. Experiments were conducted in growth chamber of Erciyes University, Agricultural Faculty in Kayseri, Turkey. In the first experiment, 10 local Turkish bottle gourd genotypes and two commercial watermelon cultivars were screened under 2 N doses (0.3 mM and 3...

The aim of the present study was to determine alkalinity tolerance of gourd rootstocks grafted with melon and to examine physiological and morphological response of the grafted plants under different pH levels. The climate chamber experiment was carried out to determine main stem length, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), branching number, shoot and...

Watermelon fruit from ‘Crisby’ (CR) and ‘Crimson Tide’ (CT) grafted onto Ferro, RS841, Argentario and Macis rootstocks and non-grafted CR and CT were compared for their postharvest quality at 7 °C for 21 days. Changes in rind thickness, weight loss, fruit flesh firmness, taste, total soluble solids, juice pH, titratable acidity, chilling injury and...

Bitter melon or bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) of the Cucurbitaceae family is valuable plant for their nutritive and medicinal properties. In this study, molecular, morphological and some biochemical properties of 12 bitter gourd genotypes from different parts of Turkey were determined. Considerable morphological variation among the genotype...

In this study, raw and mature fruits of 13 different genotypes of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) collected from different regions of Turkey were used. F3 seeds of the genotypes were produced for two years by selfing. Pulp parts of raw and ripe fruits of different genotypes were separated and 70% methanol extracts were prepared by Soxhlet ex...

In this study, the effect of rootstock on seed yield of watermelon was investigated. The watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivar Crimson Tide was grown three successive years by grafting onto Lagenaria type rootstocks to investigate rootstocks effects on seed yield. Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRG (hybrid) and Birecik (landr...

Ornamental pumpkin is affiliated to Cucurbitaceae family and included within Cucurbita pepo var. ovifera botanical class. They are commonly grown for ornamental uses and known as a group of hard-shelled, colorful, and odd shaped fruits. In this study, some morphological properties of 38 ornamental pumpkin seeds from different cities in Turkey were...

Although the benefits of using grafted transplants are now fully recognized worldwide, the need to enlighten the scientific basis of rootstock-scion interactions under variable environmental pressures remains vital for extracting grafting-mediated crop improvement. This has prompted the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action F...

Although the benefits of using grafted transplants are now fully recognized worldwide, the need to enlighten the scientific basis of rootstock-scion interactions under variable environmental pressures remains vital for extracting grafting-mediated crop improvement. This has prompted the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action F...

Cultivated Legenaria siceraria (Malign) Stanley is commonly known as the white-flowered gourd. It has been grown annually and it is a monocious, vigorous climber species. The mature fruit is often scooped out and the skin is used as containers, music instrument, decorative purposes or in some cases, fishing floats. Shoots, tendrils and leaves are a...

Cırgalan pepper is local cultivar which grown in Kayseri for many years, consumed as powdered pepper after dried and has important value for spice market. However, this cultivars can lose its production areas because of yield and qualty losses. First stage of pepper breeding is characterization of present genotypes. In this study, it was characteri...

Yamula eggplant cultivar forefront with specific striped structure and hard fruit flesh, especially it was consumed by have lived people at its growing regions as fresh, dried and pickled. Uniform fruit, disease resistance and high yielded genotypes are the most important factor for marketable products. But, it is inevitable genetic differences bec...

In this study, it was aimed to determine usufull SSR primer combinations at different seed pumkin genotypes. It was tested total 79 SSR primer combinations which developed for cucurbitacia species by some researches with provious studies using 47 seed pumkin genotypes selected as agronomic features. Firstly, all primer pairs were tested using mixed...

Bitter gourd, bottle gourd, wax gourd, snake gourd, sponge gourd, and ridge gourd are cultivated and marketed by smallholder farmers, and are important crops in home gardens throughout southern and southeastern Asia. These vegetables provide significant dietary nutrients such as vitamin A and C, iron and calcium. Public sector breeders and germplas...

Developing more efficient tools for watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) breeding programs may greatly contribute to genetic improvement. The aims of this study were to investigate genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), and to develop regression models for some important watermelon traits such as yield, fruit weight, flesh colo...

Salinity is one of the global environmental problems negatively affecting plant productivity, because it causes reduced yield and quality, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Breeding salt-tolerant cultivars/ rootstocks and reclamation or advanced irrigation methods allowing use of low-quality water can make possible crop production under s...

Grafting of vegetables, particularly watermelon, cucumber, and melon, has become widespread in Turkey. Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is one of the most damaging diseases of cucurbit crops. The possibility of seed-transmission of ZYMV makes it an even more dangerous virus. Therefore, identification of potential sources of ZYMV resistance in bo...

Bitkisel uretimde asilama yeni bir teknoloji olmayip, tarihcesi cok eskiye dayanmaktadir. Asilamanin tarihsel yazitlarda M.O. 1500`lu yillarda uzakdoguda agaclar uzerinde yapildigi ve bunu sanatsal anlamda kullandiklari bilinmektedir. Sebzelerde ilk olarak asilama Kore ve Japonya`da 1920`li yillarda karpuzun (Citrullus lanatus) su kabagi (Lagenaria...

Grafting of vegetables, particularly watermelon, cucumber, and melon, has become widespread in Turkey. Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is one of the most damaging diseases of cucurbit crops. The possibility of seed-transmission of ZYMV makes it an even more dangerous virus. Therefore, identification of potential sources of ZYMV resistance in bo...

Genetic studies of watermelons [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] sampled from Turkey, the second leading producer, may provide valuable information for breeding and research programs. The objectives of this study were to estimate the level of genetic diversity, population structure, and optimum genome sampling size among the Turkish and...

Watermelon fruits from non-grafted or grafted ‘Crimson Tide’ (CT) and ‘Crisby’ (CR) onto Ferro, RS841, Argentario and Macis rootstocks were compared for their postharvest quality during storage at 7 °C for 21 days and additional 7 days at 21 °C. Non-grafted and grafted CT and CR fruits did not exhibit chilling injury (CI) symptoms, but the 1-2% of...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as well as sugar and acid contents affect carrot flavour. This study compared VOCs in 11 carrot cultivars. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using static headspace technique was applied to analyse the VOCs. The number of VOCs per sample ranged from 17 to 31. The primarily VOCs identified in raw carrots with the...

Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] is one of the oldest cultivated plants, native to Africa and it distributed to over the World. Its dispersal route from Africa to America and Asia is still subject of studies. Similarly, when and how bottle gourd entered into Turkey is not known. In previous studies, bottle gourd germplasm collect...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are responsible for flavour development in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). The objective of this study was to investigate the rootstock effects of 21 local bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] accessions collected from the Mediterranean region (Turkey) on the concentrations of VOCs in watermelon over...

Organic crop production has become a major business due to rising consumer demand, price premiums and increasing market opportunities. A field experiment was conducted to compare organic and conventional production systems by evaluating growth, yield and mineral content of lettuce leaves. Six organic productions systems, green manure (GM), farmyard...

: In this study, bottle gourds [Legenaria siceraria (Malign) Stanley] genotypes were collected from different part of Turkey and core collection was established based on morphological characteristics. In collection studies, 380 bottle gourd genotypes were collected under frame work of two different projects from 2003 to 2011from different region of...

Biotic and abiotic stress conditions can occur both in field and greenhouse, they cause negative effects on plant production. Therefore, breeding studies for tolerance to stress conditions are very important. In this study, the stomatal and leaf characteristics of 14 hybrid genotypes, resistant to race 0 and 1 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis,...

The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the peel and flesh of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivar ‘Çengelköy’ grafted onto different bottle gourd rootstocks, as VOCs play an essential role in fruit quality. Three genotypes of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria; ‘33-35’, ‘33-41’ a...

In this study carried out in 2009 and 2010 growing seasons, effect of rootstocks on plant nutrition partitioning in grafted watermelon onto four gourd rootstocks was investigated. Ferro, RS841 (Cucurbita maxima x C. moschata) and Argentario and Macis (Lagenaria hybrid) were used as rootstocks. Crimson Tide and Crisby watermelon cultivars were used...

Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) associations are of great importance in horticultural seedling quality in the Mediterranean region, but information on host dependence and host responsiveness to the fungi species is scarce. Thus, this study was designed to assess the effects of several mycorrhizal fungi species and their cocktail on tomato (Solanum lyco...

Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) associations are of great importance in horticultural seedling quality in the Mediterranean region, but information on host dependence and host responsiveness to the fungi species is scarce. Thus, this study was designed to assess the effects of several mycorrhizal fungi species and their cocktail on tomato (Solanum lyco...

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Melon (Cucumis melo L. var. cantalupensis) cultivars 'Falez' and 'Galia C-8' were grafted onto seven different rootstocks: Benincasa hispida (BH), Cucurbita ficifolia (CF), Luffa cylindrica (LC) and Cucumis melo var. inodorus 'Kirkagac 637' (KA637), rootstocks that are open pollinated genotypes; rootstocks RS841, P360 and TZ148 Cucurbita species ro...

The rootstock potential of 21 bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) collected from the Mediterranean region (Turkey) was investigated for watermelon with regard to plant growth, yield, and fruit quality. The Crimson Tide watermelon cultivar was used as a scion and 2 commercial rootstocks (L. siceraria) were also used for comparison. In greenhouse con...

Gas chromatography (GC) coupled to Mass Spectrometry (MS) using static head space technique was applied to analyze the volatile aromatic compounds of various melons collected from the different locations of Turkey. It was also made some physicochemical and sensory analyses. A total of 33 volatile compounds were identified. Differences in the physic...

We screened the mycorrhizal species for an inoculum protocol would green pepper seedling production and compensate for nutrient deficiency. Three greenhouse studies (on three successive years) were conducted under nursery conditions using five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and their mixture. The AM fungi, Glomus mosseae, G. clarum, G. caledoniu...

Seed-borne fungal diseases are major biotic constraints to seeds. This study was conducted to determine identification and incidence of seed-borne fungal disease agents on seeds of different bottle gourd \Lageneria siceraria (Mol.) Standi.) genotypes which were collected from different parts of Turkey bottle gourd seeds. Using agar plate and blotte...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of several mycorrhizal fungi species and their cocktail on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seedling growth, P and Zn uptake. Three greenhouse experiments were continued consecutively for 3 years to evaluate the effects of several mycorrhizal species (Glomus species) on eggplant seedling production a...

Screening of bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley) genotypes with rootstock potential for watermelon production for resistance against Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood and Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley) has been used as rootstock for watermelon si...