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Publications (81)
The western corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte; Chrysomelidae) is one of the most significant maize pests in Europe, with farmers spending a substantial amount (approximately 140 EUR) on its control. In the context of climate change, WCRs could pose an even greater threat to EU maize production, particularly as the European...
The EU aims to reduce chemical pesticide use by 50% by 2030. To achieve this, it's crucial to monitor the temporal and spatial effects of pesticides on weeds in various crops. Syngenta Ltd., in collaboration with researchers, plans to use UAVs to monitor the impact of five herbicides in two tillage treatments (Conventional and Conservation) during...
Questions
Due to their high ecological and agronomical variability, borderland regions offer an excellent opportunity to study assembly patterns. In this study we compared the influence of various factors on summer annual weed communities consisting of both native and introduced species.
Location
The borderland region of Austria and Hungary.
Meth...
The categorisation of plant species according to their life form has a long history in plant ecology. The most popular system worldwide and also in Hungary is Raunkiaer’s categorisation according to the position of buds (meristems) surviving the adverse season. The original system contains only seven categories, resulting in high diversity within e...
Az Észak-Amerikában honos közönséges mézontófüvet vagy facéliát (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) a XIX. század vége óta termesztik a Kárpát-medencében. Elsőként kerti dísznövényként vetették, de ezzel egyidejűleg a benne rejlő méhészeti potenciált is felismerték. A “magyar méhészet jövőjének megmentőjét” látták a növényben, de a 2. világháborút köve...
There are an increasing number of initiatives that recognize arable weed species as an important component of agricultural biodiversity. Such initiatives often focus on declining species that were once abundant and are still well known, but the ethnographic relevance of such species receives little recognition. We carried out an extensive literatur...
Over the last 30 years, many studies have surveyed weed vegetation on arable land. The ‘Arable Weeds and Management in Europe’ (AWME) database is a collection of 36 of these surveys and the associated management data. Here, we review the challenges associated with combining disparate datasets and explore some of the opportunities for future researc...
Phacelia tanacetifolia, an excellent cover, green manure and honey crop is now widely cultivated throughout the world. One of its principal European seed production regions is north-western Hungary, where the recent withdrawal of a potent herbicide, linuron, created a new challenge for many growers. The goal of this study is to identify the main fa...
Questions
Two scientific disciplines, vegetation science and weed science, study arable weed vegetation, which has seen a strong diversity decrease in Europe over the last decades. We compared two collections of plot‐based vegetation records originating from these two disciplines. The aim was to check the suitability of the collections for joint an...
Jacaranones are a small group of specific plant metabolites with promising biological activities. The occurrence of jacaranones is limited to only a few plant families, with Asteraceae being the most abundant source of these compounds. Therefore, jacaranones can also serve as chemotaxonomic markers. Our phytochemical investigation of Crepis pulchra...
Stachys annua (L.) L., a melliferous archaeophyte plant became a dominant weed of the cereal stubbles of the Carpathian Basin in the medieval three-field system. By the middle of the nineteenth century, this plant provided more than two-thirds of the Hungarian honey production, and its high quality monofloral honey turned into a characteristic bran...
“Arable Weeds and Management in Europe” is a collection of weed vegetation records from arable fields in Europe, initiated within the Working Group Weeds and Biodiversity of the European Weed Research Society (EWRS). Vegetation-plot data from this scientific community was not previously contributed to databases. We aim to prove the usefulness of co...
Phytochemical investigation of the whole plant of Filago vulgaris Lam. (Asteraceae) resulted in the isolation and characterization of seven compounds, including a rare methoxylated flavonol (araneol), tetrahydrofurofuranolignans (pinoresinol and syringaresinol), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, vanillic acid and scopoletin. The structures of the co...
This report presents the European Weed Vegetation Database, a new database of vegetation plots documenting short-lived vegetation of arable and ruderal habitats from Europe and Macaronesia. The database comprises the phytosociological classes Papaveretea rhoeadis, Sisymbrietea, Chenopodietea and Digitario sanguinalis-Era-grostietea minoris. It is a...
Today large parts of Eastern Europe can be considered as strikingly species-poor “agrarian-deserts”. Nevertheless, the region also retains relatively large areas of species-rich farmland. Changes in the weed flora in this region, with special regard to the disappearing weed species, is the subject of relatively small numbers of international scient...
The Carpathian Basin is one of the most important regions in terms of the invasion of the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Europe. The invasion history of this weed, however, seems to have been assessed differently in Austria and Hungary: scientists in both countries assumed that this species had become abundant earlier and had caused mo...
Long-term national European weed surveys, large scale classical phytosociological programs and camera-based documentation systems lead to results which can be documented in form of maps. Comparisons of these visual representations of relative weed positions can be used for the prediction of changing weed spectra and of plant biodiversity changes. S...
To better manage invasive populations, it is vital to understand the environmental drivers underlying spatial variation in demographic performance of invasive individuals and populations. The invasive common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, has severe adverse effects on agriculture and human health, due to its vast production of seeds and allergen...
Melampyrum barbatum Waldst. & Kit. Ex Willd. (Scrophulariaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatic complaints and different skin diseases. In the course of our study the anti-inflammatory activity of the aerial parts of M. Barbatum was evaluated. A MeOH extract was prepared and consecutively partitioned with CHCl3,...
Weed species loss due to intensive agricultural land use has raised the need to understand how traditional cropland management has sustained a diverse weed flora. We evaluated to what extent cultivation practices and environmental conditions affect the weed species composition of a small-scale farmland mosaic in Central Transylvania (Romania). We r...
The present study aimed at the phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of Sideritis montana L. (Lamiaceae). Two new abietane diterpenes [sideritins A (1) and B (2)] were isolated from the methanol extract of the plant. Six known compounds [pomiferin E (3), 9α,13α-epi-dioxyabiet-8(14)-en-18-ol (4), paulownin (5), 6-methoxysakuranetin (6), 3-...
Oil pumpkin is a major emerging alternative crop with several unresolved weed management questions in central-eastern Europe, one of the focal regions of oil pumpkin production worldwide. This study aims to assess the importance of three groups of factors: environment, non-chemical management (all management excluding herbicides), and chemical weed...
Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is an invasive alien species indigenous to North America. Ragweed is a big threat to agriculture and has a serious impact on human health. The most important area with ragweed occurrence within Europe is Pannonian Plain in Central Europe. This research introduces for the first time the unique, direct broad-s...
Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is an invasive alien species indigenous to North America. Ragweed is a big threat to agriculture and has a serious impact on human health. The most important area with ragweed occurrence within Europe is Pannonian Plain in Central Europe. This research introduces for the first time the unique, direct broad-s...
Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is an invasive alien species indigenous to North America. Ragweed is a big threat to agriculture and has a serious impact on human health. One of the most important areas with ragweed occurrence within Europe is Pannonian Plain in Central Europe. This research introduces for the first time the unique, direct...
The goal of this study was to identify factors determining weed species composition in soyabean crops in Hungary, where its expanding production faces difficult weed problems. The abundance of weed flora was measured in 262 fields across the country, along with 38 background variables. Using a minimal adequate model containing 24 terms with signifi...
GIRK channels are activated by a large number of G protein-coupled receptors and regulate the electrical activity of neurons, cardiac atrial myocytes, and β-pancreatic cells. Abnormalities in GIRK channel function have been implicated in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain, drug addiction, and cardiac arrhythmias. In the heart, GIRK channels ar...
This report presents the European Weed Vegetation Database, a new database of vegetation plots documenting short-lived vegetation of arable and ruderal habitats from Europe and Macaronesia. The database comprises the phytosociological classes Papaveretea rhoeadis, Sisymbrietea, Chenopodietea and Digitario sanguinalis-Era-grostietea minoris. It is a...
The present work is the first phytochemical investigation of Euphorbia davidii Subils. After multistep separation process, three flavonoid glycosides were obtained from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the methanol extract of the whole plant. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined as kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside, myricetin 3-O-r...
Phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract obtained from the aerial parts of the annual weed Euphorbia exigua L. resulted in the isolation of two novel (1, 2) and one known (3) jatrophane diterpenes. Their structures were established by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESI-MS. The isolated compounds were evaluated for multidrug res...
The neuronal and smooth muscle effects of a methanol extract prepared from the air-dried flowering aerial parts of Sideritis montana L. (SME) was tested in vitro on Guinea-pig ileum. The chemical composition of the investigated extract was analysed by HPLC-MS, and chrysoeriol, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were detected as main constituents. Th...
Question: How does the conservation (rarity) value of arable weed communities differ along intensification gradients? Which functional traits best distinguish the weed communities of more and less extensively managed fields? Can the same traits predict the rarity of individual weed species?
Location: Hungary.
Methods: Using relevé data from 60 ce...
Two field experiments were carried out a year apart on the alkaloid poppy (Papaver somniferum) in 2012 and 2013 in north-west Hungary, to assess the efficacy of mesotrione and tembotrione herbicides for post-emergence weed control. Our experiments tested (1) a single application of mesotrione at 144 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha–1, (2) two separate...
This study assessed the cultural and weed management factors influencing the weed communities of Hungarian rice fields. Hungary is situated at the northern limit of rice production with a history of about 300 years of rice culture. We surveyed the weed flora and 25 background variables in 100 active rice fields. Using a minimal adequate model conta...
A primary mechanism of resistance to multiple anticancer drugs is the overproduction of permeability glycoprotein (P gp) in plasma membranes of resistant cells. The P gp acts as an energy-dependent efflux pump, reducing the intracellular accumulation of drug molecules. In recent years, considerable attention has been devoted to the development of n...
Diterpenes occurring in plants of the Euphorbiaceae family are of considerable interest as concerns natural product drug discovery programs because of the wide range of potentially valuable biological activities and the broad structural diversity due to the different polycyclic and macrocyclic skeletons and various aliphatic and aromatic ester grou...
The worldwide application of the group of herbicides known as ACCase inhibitors is associated with the widespread appearance of resistant biotypes among weeds. Accordingly, ACCase inhibitor resistance has become the third most frequent type of weed resistance. ACCase (acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase) inhibitors, which include aryloxyphenoxypropionate...
Traditionally managed village yards have been disappearing from the Central-European countryside. Their lawn flora is likely to provide a unique habitat for many plants that are adapted to this environment. Composition of lawn flora was investigated in differently managed village yards (i.e., regularly mown and regularly trampled yards, poultry yar...
The weed control of sunflower is a great challenge for farmers throughout the World. In Hungary, one of the greatest concerns is the pernicious weed Ambrosia artemisiifolia, which produces allergenic pollen. The main goal of this study was to identify cultural, weed-management and environmental factors determining weed species composition and the a...
This paper aims to assess the importance of environmental and management factors determining the weed species composition along a strong elevation gradient. A total of 76 cereal fields (39 low input and 37 intensively managed) were sampled along an elevation gradient in central Italy. Explanatory variables were recorded for each field to elucidate...
Of the Euphorbia dentata aggregate, both E. dentata and E. davidii have been reported from Europe. A revision of herbarium and published materials, however, indicates that only E. davidii can be confirmed in Europe. Although known in Europe since 1968, most records are from the 1990s. There are 46 known populations scattered throughout the continen...
Of the Euphorbia dentata aggregate, both E. dentata and E. davidii have been reported from Europe. A revision of herbarium and published materials, however, indicates that only E. davidii can be confirmed in Europe. Although known in Europe since 1968, most records are from the 1990s. There are 46 known populations scattered throughout the continen...
Which environmental and management factors are the most important determinants of arable weed species composition in intensively farmed areas across an area of 93 000 km2? Does the relative importance of environmental and management factors depend on plot location within fields (centre or edge)?
Hungary.
The abundance of late-summer weed flora and...
Two new and one known cyclomyrsinane-type diterpenes (1–3) were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole, undried plant of Euphorbia falcata, native to Hungary. The structures and relative configuration of the compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and one- and two-dimensional NMR techn...
Pinke G, Pál RW, Tóth K, Karácsony P, Czúcz B & Botta-Dukát Z (2011). Weed vegetation of poppy (Papaver somniferum) fields in Hungary: effects of management and environmental factors on species composition. Weed Research51, 621–630.
Poppy (Papaver somniferum) is a sporadically cultivated crop species, with idiosyncratic life history traits, managem...
Four new premyrsinane-type diterpenes (1–4) were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole, undried plant of Euphorbia falcata. Their structures were determined by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HMBC, HSQC and NOESY) techniques and mass spectral data as di-, tetra-, penta- and hexaesters of diterpene polyols, esterified with acetic, be...
In the present study, species were selected from the new Red List of the vascular flora of Hungary which can be regarded as a weed. For each species, current conservation status and the most important traits were assessed. Altogether 149 weed species were found to be at risk according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) cat...
Ambrosia artemisiifolia is the most noxious invasive species of weed in Hungary. The aim of this study was to quantify the environmental and land-use factors that explain the variance in its abundance in arable fields. A survey of 243 arable fields was carried out across Hungary, and 19 environmental and 12 land-use factors were measured. These wer...
Multivariate analysis of data obtained from 184 cereal and stubble fields in low-input agricultural systems located in western Hungary was undertaken in order to asses environmental factors affecting weed species composition. For each variable, the gross and net effect on weed species composition was calculated. All variables considered in this stu...
Floristic composition and conservation value of the weed vegetation of winter cereal fields on base-rich soils in western Hungary was compared among three management systems: (i) small, extensively managed fields; (ii) small, intensively managed fields and (iii) large, intensively managed fields. Data were analysed by principal components analysis...
The stubble-field weed community, dominated by Stachys annua, was generally distributed in Hungary until the 1950s on mid-heavy and heavy, base-rich soils. Stachys annua is an excellent nectar-producer, and from the nectar collected in its habitats popular stubble-honey was produced. This vegetation
type has suffered significant decline, mainly due...
The present study surveyed the weed vegetation on extensively managed arable fields and unsprayed field edges in western Hungary, based on 1698 phytosociological releves collected between 1995 and 2005. The separation of the 15 vegetation units was conducted with the traditional comparative tabular method, and the diagnostic species were determined...
In the last decades in Hungary biotopes of Nanocyperion species have been reduced significantly according to the melioration and the declining of pasturing. Owing to the habitat loss more species such as the examined Lindernia procumbens, Eleocharis ovata, Centunculus minimus, Limosella aquatica, Juncus sphaerocarpus and Elatine triandra became end...
The present study surveyed the weed vegetation on extensively managed fields in Western Hungary, based on 1698 phytosociological records collected between 1995 and 2005. The surveyed vegetation units supported 41 red list weed species. The sum of mean frequencies of red list weed species was about 5 times higher in cereal fields than in stubbles an...
The Hungarian Red Data Book (NÉMETH 1989) represents the threatened vascular plants of Hungary; however, it was published nearly 20 years ago. To date, our know-ledge is greatly broadened on the flora of the country, so the former Red List is already obsolete. The authors have elaborated a new variant of the Red List of the threatened Hungarian vas...
By the end of the 20 th century West Hungary became a well-developed and intensively managed area, where extensive arable fields survived only in territories of unfavourable site conditions. The changes of the agricultural management methods had different effects on the stands of arable weed species. The changes of the distribution and habitat pref...
Inland water on soils with bad water balance can lead to serious yield losses. Soil management and plant protection is nearly impossible in these marshy vernal pools, wherefore very special vegetation develops. On the basis of 58 phytocoenological surveys made in South-Western Hungary the vegetation of the vernal pools will be characterised. From p...
During 2004 and 2005 large stands of Anthoxanthum puelii were discovered in south-western Hungary in "Belso-Somogy" region. These habitats are characterized by the coincidence of climatic and edaphic conditions favourable for this species. Soils in this territory are mainly acidic sandy and the climate is distinctive Subatlantic-Submediterranean. I...
Many weed species were, and in some cases still are, used as food, medicine, dyes, ornamental plants, or for apicultural purposes in Hungary. Tubers oiLathyrus luberosus, seeds of Fallopia convolvulus. Polygonum aviculare, Setaria pumila, Digilaria sanguinalis and Echinochloa crus-galli. and flour from the rhizomes of Elymus repens were used as foo...
By the end of the 20th century West Hungary became a well-developed and intensively managed area, where extensive arable fields survived only in territories of unfavourable site conditions. The changes of the agricultural management methods had different effects on the stands of arable weed species. The changes of the distribution and habitat prefe...
This paper shows the distribution of rare (e.g. Adonis flammea, Montia fontana. Papaver argemone, Aphones microcarpa, Spergula pentandra), sporadic (e.g. Aphnnes arvensis, Vicia tetrasperma, Spergula arvensis) and retreating (e.g. Ranunculus arvensis. Agrostemma githago) arable weeds on extensive fields, follow land, stubble fields and wet fields i...
This paper describes the weed communities of Somogy region based on 159 phytosociological records. The following units have been distinguished: Camelino microcarpae-Anthemidetum austriacae, Aphano arvensis-Matricarietum chamomillae and Spergulo arvensis-Anthemidetum ruthenicae as summerassociations, Stachyo annuae-Setarietum pumilae, Echinochloo-Se...
A könyv témakörei hidat képeznek a botanika, az archeobotanika, a növényvédelem, a növénytermesztés, az ökológia, a néprajz és a természetvédelem tudományágai között. Célja, hogy megpróbálja a gyomnövényekkel szembeni negatív előítéletet átformálni egy pozitívabb szemlélet irányába, elmélyítse a téma iránt érdeklődők botanikai és ökológiai tudását,...
This paper shows the distribution of rare (e.g. Montia fontana, Centunculus minimus, Thesium dollineri, Polycnemum majus), sporadic (e.g. Aphanes arvensis, Vicia tetrasperma, Melandrium noctiflorum) and retreating (e.g. Ranunculus arvensis, Caucalis platycarpos, Agrostemma githago) arable weeds on extensive fields in North-western Hungary between 2...
This paper gives a brief review on the history and impoverishment of strongly threatened Caucalion species, which grow mainly on calcareous arable land in central Europe. The previous and recent distributions of 45 Caucalion species in the Lesser Plain of North-westem Hungary and in the Transdanubian Mountain is presented. Their frequencies in surv...
The survey was carried out on extensive cultivated cereal fields, row crop fields,degrees stubble-fields and first year fallow in the Lesser Plain of north-western Hungary between 1995 and 1999. The distribution of the Anthemis species, which most determine the physiognomic characters of weed-stands, is presented by using CEU mapping system. The fl...
The aim of the study was to describe and classify autumn associations of weeds typical of extensively cultivated farmland on the Lesser Plain. The distribution of characteristic species of the Stachyo annuae-Setarietum pumilae association on stubble-fields has been shrinking due to the aggressive advances of Ambrosia artemisiifolia. The most common...
In the paper data are provided on the distribution of rare (e.g. Adonis flammea, Bupleurum rotundifolium, Lycopsis arvensis, Chorispora tenella, Legousia speculum-veneris, Vaccaria pyramidata, Spergula pentandra, Herniaria hirsuta), sporadic (e.g. Aphanes arvensis, Papaver argemone, Melandrium noctiflorum) and retreating (e.g. Ranunculus arvensis,...
The aim of the study is to show the distribution of Centaurea cyanus on Little Plain between 1993 and 1999 by using CEU mapping system. According to the floristic survey, Centaurea cyanus is not threatened by extinction in this region. Although it is rather absent on intensively cultivated farmlands its presence on small plots of extensive cultivat...
The aim of the study was to assess and classify summer associations of weeds typical of Lesser Hungarian Plain on extensively cultivated farmlands. Camelino microcarpae-Anthemidetum austriacae is the most common association, the two dominant species of which arc Anthemis austriaca and Anthemis ruthenica. The prevailing components of the association...
A Chorispora tenella (PALL.) DC. a Szigetközben PINKE Gyula-CZIMBER Gyula-PÁL Róbert: PATE Növénytani Tanszék, H-9201 Mososnmagyaróvár, Vár 2. A fajra utaló első magyarországi feljegyzést POLGÁR Sándor 1912-ben megjelent dolgozatában olvashatjuk: "Győr. Dunaparti raktár mellett. Egy példány. Új adat hazánkra." 1925-ben POLGÁR a világháború utáni ne...
