Gyaneshwer Chaubey

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Gyaneshwer verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Banaras Hindu University

Short Tandem Repeats (STR) genotyping is of utmost importance in forensic casework. Thus, this study, for the first time, explores the forensic profile of the Sindhi population of India, a community with deep historical roots in the Indus Valley Civilization, through the analysis of 24 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci. We found a total of 2...

The microbiota, comprising all the microorganisms within the body, plays a critical role in maintaining good health. Dysbiosis represents a condition resulting from an imbalance or alteration of the microbiota. This study comprehensively investigates the patent literature on dysbiosis over the past 20 years. image

The gut microbiota plays a vital role in nutrient and energy utilization, as well as in the host's ability to adapt its immune system to environmental changes. As a biological control agent for the invasive Parthenium weed, the Parthenium beetle Zygogramma bicolorata (Z. bicolorata) Pallister is often exposed to fluctuating temperatures, which may...

The domestication of animals is a major milestone in human history and has been studied in various fields. Pig domestication, in particular, has been widely studied, and it is believed that India is one of at least six domestication centers. However, there is a lack of systematic studies using high-resolution genetic markers, including complete mit...

The Ingenomics™ AutoProfiler system utilises a 6-dye, multiplex genotyping technology that is optimised for the simultaneous amplification of 20 Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) short tandem repeat (STR) markers, along with D6S1043, Penta D, Penta E, DYS391, SE33, and two Y-Indels (Rs2032678, Rs771783753), as well as the Amelogenin loci. This kit...

The common house sparrow, Passer domesticus is a small bird belonging to the family Passeridae. Here, we provide high-quality whole genome sequence data along with assembly for the house sparrow. The final genome assembly was made using Shovill/SPAdes/MASURCA/BUSCO which consisted of contigs spanning 268193 bases coalescing 922 MB. We employed rigo...

The Nicobarese are the major tribal groups in the Nicobar district, situated south of the Andaman group of Islands. Linguistic phylogeny suggests that the linguistic ancestors of the Nicobarese settled the Nicobar archipelago in the early Holocene. So far, genetic research on them is low-resolution and restricted to the haploid DNA markers. Therefo...

The Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir has always been a point of contention among India, Pakistan, and China for various reasons. This region has great significance historically due to its geography and ethnic diversity. However, a comprehensive genetic study providing the genetic landscape of Jammu and Kashmir was lacking until now. In this stu...

Located on India's eastern coast, Odisha is known for its diverse tribes and castes. In the early days of genome sequencing technology, researchers primarily studied the Austroasiatic communities inhabiting this region to reconstruct the ancient origins and dispersal of this broad linguistic group. However, current research has shifted towards iden...

SARS CoV-2, the causative agent for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it enters the host cell by activating the ACE2 receptor with the help of two proteasesi.e., Furin and TMPRSS2. Therefore, variations in these genes may account for differential susceptibility and severity between populations. Previous studies have shown that the role of ACE2 and TMP...

The physiological response to high-altitude stress (for individuals living at 2,400m and above sea level) has been evident. However, recent advances in genomics have allowed us to explore the molecular genetic basis of these adaptive responses and their relationship with physiological responses. In the current study, we focused on thirteen biologic...

Abstract Linguistic data from South Asia identified several language isolates in the subcontinent. The Vedda, an indigenous population of Sri Lanka, are the least studied amongst them. Therefore, to understand the initial peopling of Sri Lanka and the genetic affinity of the Vedda with other populations in Eurasia, we extensively studied the high-r...

The Northeastern region of India is considered a gateway for modern humans’ dispersal throughout Asia. This region is a mixture of various ethnic and indigenous populations amalgamating multiple ancestries. One reason for such amalgamation is that, South Asia experienced multiple historic migrations from various parts of the world. A few examples e...

Lakshadweep is an archipelago of 36 islands located in the Southeastern Arabian Sea. In the absence of a detailed archaeological record, the human settlement timing of this island is vague. Previous genetic studies on haploid DNA makers suggested sex-biased ancestry linked to North and South Indian populations. Maternal ancestry suggested a closer...

The genetic landscape of South Asia is intriguing. In a vast geographical region like India, mostly genes follow geography, whereas in a smaller geographical region e.g., Nepal, the genetic landscape is more akin to languages. Moreover, in neighboring regions like East and Southeast Asia, language is the major denominator of the genes. However, the...

Background Vitamin D is a hormone that regulates the calcium homeostasis of the body. Besides this classical function, it is also regarded as an important immunomodulator. Most active Vitamin D actions are mediated through the Vitamin D receptor (VDR), a transcription factor and also a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. In this study, we e...

Population living at high altitudes may offer a unique demographic history to study. Ladakh is one such region where the human population lives at an average altitude of 12500 feet. We have genotyped 21 autosomal STR markers among 122 samples from the Central Ladakh region. Based on the forensic parameters, we first showed the high potential of for...

The common house sparrow, Passer domesticus is a small bird belonging to Passeridae. We provide here a high-quality whole genome sequencing and assembly for the house sparrow, The final genome assembly was made using a Shovill/SPAdes which consisted of contigs spanning 268193 bases. We employed rigorous statistical thresholds to check the coverage...

The Sinhalese are the major ethnic group in Śrī Laṅkā, inhabiting nearly the whole length and breadth of the island. They speak an Indo-European language of the Indo-Iranian branch, which is held to originate in northwestern India, going back to at least the fifth century BC. Previous genetic studies on low-resolution markers failed to infer the ge...

Over the last 34 months, at least 10 severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) distinct variants have evolved. Among these, some were more infectious while others were not. These variants may serve as candidates for identification of the signature sequences linked to infectivity and viral transgressions. Based on our previous hij...

After the spill to humans, in the evolutionary timeline of SARS-CoV-2, several positively selected variants have emerged. A phylogeographic study on these variants can reveal their spatial and temporal distribution. In December 2020, the alpha variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has been designated as a...

The central region of India is incredibly rich in tribal heritage. It is the most frequent Indian state in terms of tribal population. Understanding the genetic history of the tribal population of India may add detailed information about various demographic processes, including social upliftment. However, to understand these microevolutionary proce...

#ADNAT2023 International conference dedicated to the #NobelPrize2022 of #Physiology or #Medicine entitled "Translating #HumanEvolutionary History to #PrecisionMedicine " successfully completed from 10th - 12th March 2023. In the 3 days a wide range to research areas were covered including the prehistoric DNA revolution, the modern DNA evolution, ev...

Ancient DNA (aDNA) research first began in 1984 and ever since has greatly expanded our understanding of evolution and migration. Today, aDNA analysis is used to solve various puzzles about the origin of mankind, migration patterns, and the spread of infectious diseases. The incredible findings ranging from identifying the new branches within the h...

Infection born by Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has swept the world within a time of a few months. It has created a devastating effect on humanity with social and economic depression. Europe and America were the hardest hit continents. India has also lost lives, making the country the fourth most deadly worldwide. However, India's infection and death rate...

Objectives: The long-term isolation, endogamy practices, and environmental adaptations have shaped the enormous human diversity in India. The genetic and morphological variations in mainland Indians are well studied. However, the data on the Indian Himalayan populations are scattered. Thus, the present study attempts to understand variations in th...

Background SARS CoV-2, the causative agent for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, enters the host cell by activating the ACE2 receptor with the help of two proteases, i.e., Furin and TMPRSS2. Therefore, variations in these genes may account for differential susceptibility and severity between populations. Our previous studies have shown that ACE2 and T...

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been a scientific, medical and social challenge. Since clinical course of this disease is largely unpredictable and can develop rapidly causing severe complications, it is important to identify laboratory biomarkers, which may help to classify patient’s severity during initial stage. Previous studies have suggested...

The Tibetan plateau and high mountain ranges of Nepal are one of the challenging geographical regions inhabited by modern humans. While much of the ethnographic and population-based genetic studies were carried out to investigate the Tibetan and Sherpa highlanders, little is known about the demographic processes that enabled the colonization of the...

With the rollout of the world's largest vaccine drive for SARS-CoV-2 by the Government of India on January 16 2021, India had targeted to vaccinate its entire population by the end of 2021. Struggling with vaccine procurement and production earlier, India overcome these hurdles, but the Indian population still did not seem to be mobilizing swiftly...

Opioid use disorder is largely genetic in nature. The common genetic variants present in population might be modulating the risk by affecting expression level of genes in the brain. Here, we study common variants in promoter region of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) in a highly prevalent opium addiction geog...

The breaking silence between the plant roots and microorganisms in the rhizosphere affects plant growth and physiology by impacting biochemical, molecular, nutritional, and edaphic factors. The components of the root exudates are associated with the microbial population, notably, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The information accessib...

Background: A Y-STR polymorphism study is a convenient tool in molecular anthropology and forensic DNA analysis. Aim: Through standard ethical procedures, the proposed study explored the genetic scenario in male lineage in Madhya Pradesh, a central Indian state, by Y-STR genotyping and haplogroup studies. Subjects and methods: 511 unrelated ma...

The Tibetan plateau and high mountain ranges of Nepal are one of the challenging geographical regions inhabited by modern humans. While much of the ethnographic and population-based genetic studies were carried out to investigate the Tibetan and Sherpa highlanders, little is known about the demographic processes that enabled the colonization of the...

Aim: The present study was designed to explore the STR diversity and genomic history of the inhabitants of Nayagarh district of Odisha, India. We also tested the proficiency of the most recent, new generation PowerPlexR Y23 multiplex system for forensic characterisation and to decipher the phylogenetic affinities. Subjects and methods: The genet...

In 2014, 157 years after the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857, several unidentified human skeletons were discovered in an abandoned well at Ajnala, Punjab. The most prevailing hypothesis suggested them as Indian soldiers who mutinied during the Indian uprising of 1857. However, there is an intense debate on their geographic affinity. Therefore, to pinpoint the...

After the spill to humans, in the timeline of SARS-CoV-2, several positively selected variants have emerged. A phylogeographic study on these variants can reveal their spatial and temporal distribution. In December 2020, the alpha variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has been designated as a variant of co...

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has been the most discussed disease in recent times (www.who.int). As of February 22, 2022, there have been4 26,512,772confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 5,910,040 deaths (https://covid19.who.int/). India has seen a large number of fatal...

In the present study, DNA samples of 202 unrelated male individuals of Gurjar population were evaluated for the molecular diversity at 23 Y chromosomal Y-STR markers. Out of selected individuals, results showed 143 unique haplotypes. Highest degree of gene diversity (GD), polymorphic information content (PIC), and power of discrimination (PD) was o...

The_best_of_Genes_And_Immunity_2021 in #ReadersChoice section!

The rapid expansion of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has impacted various ethnic groups all over the world. The burden of infectious diseases including COVID-19 are generally reported to be higher for the Indigenous people. The historical knowledge have also suggested that the indigenous populations suffer more than the general populations in the pandemic...

SARS-CoV2, the causative agent for COVID-19, an ongoing pandemic, engages the ACE2 receptor to enter the host cell through S protein priming by a serine protease, TMPRSS2. Variation in the TMPRSS2 gene may account for the disparity in disease susceptibility between populations. Therefore, in the present study, we have used next-generation sequencin...

Changes in the environment and demography have been a defining factor throughout humans’ evolutionary history, reflected by noticeable changes in dietary habits. It can be seen in the shift from foraging-based eating and cooking to the domestication of animals and plants. Such environmental and dietary transitions led selective pressures are believ...

Capillary electrophoresis-based analysis does not reflect the exact allele number variation at the STR loci due to the non-availability of the data on sequence variation in the repeat region and the SNPs in flanking regions. Herein, this study reports the length-based and sequence-based allelic data of 138 central Indian individuals at 31 autosomal...

Aim: Present study was designed to explore the STR diversity and genomic history of the inhabitants of the most populous subdivision of the country. A set of 24 hyper variable autosomal STRs was used to estimate the genetic diversity within the studied population. A panel of 15 autosomal STRs, which is most common in the previously reported data se...

Aim To study the genetic structure of the Scheduled Caste population of Rajasthan and its relationship with Indian and global populations using expanded 20 CODIS STR loci (autosomal) markers. Subjects and Methods Blood samples of 226 healthy, unrelated adult individuals of the Scheduled Caste population of the Indian state of Rajasthan were taken...

In the course of human history, we encountered several devastating waves of pandemics, affecting millions of lives globally and now the rapid and progressive spread of the novel SARS-CoV-2, causing Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has created a worldwide wave of crisis. Profoundly straining national health care systems, it also significantly impacted...

With the roll-out of worlds largest vaccine drive for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by Government of India on January 16 2021, India has targeted to vaccinate its entire population by the end of year 2021. Struggling with vaccine procurement and production earlier, India came up with these hurdles but the Indian popul...

The year 2019 has seen an emergence of the novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Since the onset of the pandemic, biological and interdisciplinary research is being carried out across the world at a rapid pace to beat the pandemic. There is an increased n...

The year 2019 has seen an emergence of the novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Since the onset of the pandemic, biological and interdisciplinary research is being carried out across the world at a rapid pace to beat the pandemic. There is an increased n...

Ever since the inception of STR-based forensic DNA analysis for human Identi cation and DNA pro ling, the approach developed continuously. Most of these developments are pertaining to achieve the best polymorphic loci set for analysis, high inhibitor tolerance capability, increase in sensitivity, reduction in turnaround time, and cost-effectiveness...

9 SARS-CoV2, the causative agent for COVID-19, an ongoing pandemic, engages the ACE2 10 receptor to enter the host cell through S protein priming by a serine protease, TMPRSS2. 11 Variation in the TMPRSS2 gene may account for the difference in population disease 12 susceptibility. The haplotype-based genetic sharing and structure of TMPRSS2 among g...

Studies worldwide have shown that the available vaccines are highly effective against SARS-CoV-2. However, there are growing laboratory reports that the newer variants of concerns (VOCs e.g. Alpha, Beta, Delta etc) may evade vaccine induced defense. In addition to that, there are few ground reports on health workers having breakthrough infections....

SARS-CoV-2 harbors many known unknown regions in the form of hypothetical open reading frames (ORFs). While the mechanisms underlying the disease pathogenesis are not clearly understood, molecules such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key regulatory role in the viral pathogenesis from endocytosis. We asked whether or not the lncRNAs in the h...

This study evaluated the haplotype diversity of 17 Y chromosomal genetic markers among 202 unrelated males who were randomly selected in the population of Odisha, India. Out of total 196 haplotypes observed in this study, 190 were unique haplotypes. Forensic relevant parameters, viz., gene diversity (GD) and discrimination capacity (DC), were calcu...

This study was conducted to explore the genomic diversity and forensic characterization of 15 autosomal microsatellite markers in the East Indian Tripuri population. In the studied population, we observed 158 different alleles with the average 10.53 alleles per locus. The locus D2S1338 (PIC= 0.862) was found to be the most polymorphic wheres locus...

The study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability, forensic reliability and potential of SE33 STR marker in five different Indian populations. 1400 blood samples of randomly selected unrelated individuals from various regions of Odisha (508), Madhya Pradesh (370), Telangana (305), Himachal Pradesh (168) and Rajasthan (49) were genotyped a...

Keeping in view the diverse demography of India, present study was undertaken to explore the molecular characterization and forensic relevance of 20 autosomal STRs for the highly diverse population of north Indian state Himachal Pradesh. 724 unrelated individuals from the admixed population of Himachal Pradesh were undertaken for present study and...

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been a scientific, medical and social challenge. Since clinical course of this disease is largely unpredictable and can develop rapidly causing severe complications, it is important to identify laboratory biomarkers which may help to classify patient’s severity during initial stage. Previous studies have suggested...

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been a scientific, medical and social challenge. Since clinical course of this disease is largely unpredictable and can develop rapidly causing severe complications, it is important to identify laboratory biomarkers which may help to classify patient’s severity during initial stage. Previous studies have suggested...

Background: India is the second most populous country in the world, which is aligned into various community segments. Aim: To evaluate the genetic diversity of the tribal population of Tripura, we carried out this study. Subjects and methods: 15 autosomal STR markers were used for investigation of genomic diversity, inter- and intra- populatio...

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in multiple waves of infection worldwide. The large variations in case fatality rate among different geographical regions suggest that the human susceptibility against this virus varies substantially. Several studies from different parts of the world showed a significant association of ABO blood group and COVID-19 sus...

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in multiple waves of infection worldwide. The large variations in case fatality ratio among different geographical regions suggest that the human susceptibility against this virus varies substantially. Several studies from different parts of the world showed a significant association of ABO blood group and COVID-19 su...

With the global vaccination rollout against SARS-CoV-2 has raised several questions on their outcome. The role of vaccine in triggering the immune response on previously recovered COVID-19 as well as naïve individuals is one of the intriguing question. In this study we followed two cohorts in India on Covishield (AstraZeneca) vaccination. The first...

With the growing evidence on the variable human susceptibility against COVID-19, it is evident that some genetic loci modulate the severity of the infection. Recent studies have identified several loci associated with greater severity. More recently, a study has identified a 50 kb genomic segment introgressed from Neanderthal adding a risk for COVI...

Here we report the genomic history of Gurjars and framed the useful set of autosomal STRs for Gujjar population. We designed this study with a total number of 215 Gurjars from district Saharanpur (previously known as Gujarat due to presence of many Gujjar zamindars), Moradabad, Bulandshahr, Ghaziabad, Meerut, Noida and NCR Delhi. Locus SE33 was fou...

Ever since the inception of STR-based forensic DNA analysis for human Identification and DNA profiling, the approach developed continuously. Most of these developments are pertaining to achieve the best polymorphic loci set for analysis, high inhibitor tolerance capability, increase in sensitivity, reduction in turnaround time, and cost-effectivene...

IntroductionForensic characterization and genetic evaluation study in the 539 randomly selected unrelated adult healthy individuals belonging to the Central Indian population was undertaken.Methods The study was performed using a multiplex of 27 Y-STRs incoporated in Yfiler™ Plus multiplex kit.ResultsOut of 539 samples, 6 samples were observed for...

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02573-4

This study presents genetic diversity at 22 autosomal STR loci (extended CODIS STR) in the population of Rajasthan. It provides an allelic database of this population for the purpose of forensic inference. 595unrelated healthy individuals residing in the state were randomly selected from the routine casework of the laboratory. Compliance of ethical...

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted several waves of infection in many countries worldwide. The large variations in case fatality ratio among different geographical regions suggests that the human susceptibility against this virus varies substantially. Several studies from different parts of the world showed a significant association of ABO blood gr...

SARS-CoV-2 harbors a lot of known unknown regions in the form of hypothetical open reading frames (ORFs). While the mechanisms underlying the disease pathogenesis is not clearly understood,there are molecules such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that play a key regulatory role in the viral pathogenesis from endocytosis. We asked whether or not the...

The northern Indian state of Uttarakhand is a landmark of culture, traditional values and natural beauty. It is located on the western side of the Himalayas resulting in geographic semi-isolation, which draws attention to the genomic diversity of the population of Uttarakhand. To explore the genomic structure and forensic characterization, randomly...