GY Mustafa AlsheikhImperial College London | Imperial · WHO CC PH Education & Training Department of PC and Public Health
GY Mustafa Alsheikh
MD, PhD, DPHC, FFPH-RCP UK
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111
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Introduction
Ghanim Alsheikh pioneered establishing, managing and promoting innovative programmes as founding dean of two medical schools (Tikrit and Hadhramout), played a regional steering role on reform of medical and health professions education and on establishing national and institutional systems for quality improvement and accreditation of education in many countries.
http://www.imperial.ac.uk/people/g.alsheikh
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-621X
Additional affiliations
Position
- Lecturer
February 1985 - January 1986
Publications
Publications (111)
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the competence of rotating residents in handling clinical problems, falling under the purview of the major clinical disciplines, which they come across during their routine work. Three hundred and one rotating residents (55% of the total) who graduated in June 1981 from the four universities of Iraq, nam...
This study hypothesizes that objective learning in medical schools, when compared with subject-based, offers students unlimited number of real opportunities to discover early the importance of professional skills they need to acquire during study years. Twenty percent of medical students from Basrah, Mosul and Tikrit universities were asked to indi...
This study aims at evaluating medical graduates’ performance (application of knowledge, data-gathering skills, clinical judgment, and professional attitudes) from their seniors’ point of view. A total number of 155 graduates (22 from TUCOM, 133 from Baghdad, Mustansiriyah, Mosul, Basrah, and Anbar colleges of medicine) who are currently spending th...
The ability to to rely on own self (self reliance) and to make decisions are essential to the doctor to be able to perform competently. The competency based problem based educational programme at Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM) include considerable learning and training opportunities for students to acquire number of essential compete...
Dornan and colleagues' article provides a diagnostic overview of some of the shortcomings of medical education in the UK. 1 The shift to competency based training 2 moved students away from being passive recipients of teaching to experiential learners, driven by inquiry. As stated in the article, readiness to practise safely does not mean demonstra...
Background
Competencies-based education has gained global recognition, emphasizing the need for educators to align educational outcomes with healthcare system requirements. However, limited literature exists on competency frameworks and Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) specific to health professions educationists, hindering the developmen...
In examining the genesis of writing, a crucial question emerges. Was this invention
an accidental occurrence or a purposeful endeavour? In this respect, by delving
into the archaeological evidence and historical narratives, it becomes evident that
the emergence of writing was a deliberate response to the exigencies of ancient
society, rather than a...
The Arab Renewal and the Knowledge Society: The Formation and Development of the Common Agent of Change. Alsheikh, G and Alqassab, AW. The paper draws the relationship between renewal and change towards entering the world of knowledge society (KS). It also presents models of methodological tools that can play a common role in driving society and ac...
Would it astound you to know that there are records of liquorice being consumed by
the Mesopotamians, Pharaohs, Alexander the Great and Caesar? In those days it was more often drunk than eaten, but its medicinal benefits and capacity to quench thirst were known even then. In addition, Mesopotamians widely used it as a remedy for different ailments....
Until the 1970s, the only available postgraduate study opportunities for Iraqi physicians was through working/studying in the United Kingdom, and to a lesser degree, in the United States of America.3 After obtaining the medical degree (M.B.Ch.B.) from an approved medical college in Iraq, doctors progress through an internship (2 years) and rural se...
By 2024, all international medical graduates (IMGs) intending to apply for certification or gain verification of their primary medical qualification (PMQ) by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) will require that their medical school has been appropriately accredited. The World Federation for Medical Education (WFME) Rec...
Background:
The first medical college in Iraq was established in 1927, adopting a subject-based curriculum.
Aims:
To provide a description of undergraduate medical education curricula in Iraq and how they developed since 1927.
Methods:
We identified Iraqi medical schools and curricula from local and global directories. Curricular data were com...
As the WWI was approaching its last months, the move of 12 nurses to Basra on 8 January 1918, after some six months in Salonika, must have come as a considerable relief as long as Basra was a flourishing strong base of the British army and many hundreds of miles away from the battle front up the Tigris. However, Basra proved to be far from a pleasa...
Practical approach to train and assess professional behaviour of medical students. Abstract The gradual decline of doctor-patient communication skills and professional attitudes and behaviour have steadily been observed in all countries across the globe. This deterioration has resulted in repeated and renewed demands to make medical schools more al...
In 19 locations throughout Iraq, the CWC commemorates the more than 54,000Commonwealth deaths in Iraq during the two world wars. Only in France, theUnited Kingdom, Belgium and India does the CWGC have a larger commitment.The British architect and archaeologist, Edward Warren (1856-1937) was appointedPrincipal Architect for Mesopotamia in 1919, a di...
Background: Occupational health is a neglected public health issue among healthcare workers in developing countries like Yemen and they may expose them to various forms of hazards, which have had negative consequences on their wellbeing and performance at work.
Objective: The study aims at exploring the forms of occupational health
hazards prevalen...
In medical education, the curriculum passes through at least four stages between vision and learning of students namely: "intended" to "planned" to "implemented" to the "learned" curriculum. The most important safeguard for keeping these formats compatible is the quality of the aims and objectives. This editorial describes the hierarchy of the educ...
Background: Medical students receiving a lot of controversial data from different sources
like media, academia and the international and local reports, and they have a lot of
questions regarding the current novel corona virus disease 19 interpreting the epidemiological data to more conclusive information. This issue needs an epidemiological reasoni...
Background: Yemen where a new cholera outbreak started in 2016 and continued to spread till 2020, becoming the largest documented cholera epidemic of modern times. Al-Hudaydah at western part of Yemen was the most affected governorates in Yemen by cholera outbreak that considered about 15% of all cases in Yemen. The aim of this study is to fill the...
Background: Inequality has emerged through the nature of COVID-19; it interacts with and exacerbates existing social variations in relation to chronic disease and social determinants of health. In Yemen, data related to COVID-19 collected through the existing surveillance system has produced scarce studies impact of social inequalities and chronic...
Background: In the beginning of May 2020, Aden was living a state of catastrophic events with the spread of COVID-19 pandemic with accompanying heavy raining season leading to increase of unexpected fever cases. Despite the limited diagnostic capacity, data on causes and trends of febrile illness can be valuable indicators of the causes and trends...
Introduction: Pharmacy practice witnessed dramatic significant changes over the past years worldwide. The traditional role of the pharmacist involving preparation, dispensing and selling of medications is no longer adequate. This has evolved into direct involvement of the pharmacist in the design, implementation, and monitoring of therapeutic plans...
Governance and communication represent the foundations for effective impact on the level of institutional performance in higher education colleges, including medical schools. Governance encompasses the frameworks of structures, relationships, and processes ongoing in the college. It is recognized that medical schools in Iraq lack the adoption of a...
Communication Skills (CS) are essential to health workforce to conduct effective professional-patient interaction. In Iraq, majority of newly graduated health professionals are engaged in provision of direct health services. However, undergraduate curricula preparing these professionals include no distinct component to train them on CS. This study...
Book available from http://bit.ly/iraqimededucation
“Preparing Tomorrow’s Doctors: A Call for Reform of Iraqi Medical Curricula” book is written in Arabic and includes a 72-pages abridged part written in English. Although addressing the reform in Iraq, the book is useful for any country looking for reform of the curricula of medical schools operat...
This is a preliminary presentation of results a thorough evaluation of training of medical students on basic competencies as seen by graduates of Iraqi medical colleges from 1965 to 2015. Also covered is a review of medical education development since 1927 when first school for modern medical education was established.
A guide to reform and develop educational programs at the Iraq's 28 medical colleges. It evaluates the currently adopted model and proposes the best reliable, effective and relevant educational strategies to contribute to the quality graduate outcomes that can make a change in the national health system. The book is written in Arabic and will be fo...
Abstract :This review article aims at studying the curricula of Iraqi medicalcolleges since the establishment of the first college in Iraq in 1927to date. It attempts to analyse the medical education programmesusing known tools of measurement and global in comparison withthe steady development of medical curricula in the world. Thearticle shows the...
Evaluation of the Curricula of Iraqi medical colleges in light of innovation of medical education. (In Arabic with Abstract and references in English).
Ghanim Alsheikh; Omar Mustafa, Talib Jwad Kadhim, Riyadh Sayhoud Alzubaidi, Mousa Muhsin Alalak, Injam Ibrahim Rowandozi.
Abstract :
This review article aims at studying the curricula of Iraqi medic...
A letter to editor detailing the establishment of a national committee for collaboration of health care (HC) and medical education (ME) Sectors in Iraq.
The WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean held a regional consultation
on the accreditation of health professions education in Manama, Bahrain on 20–22 December
2003. The objectives of the meeting were to enable countries of the Eastern Mediterranean
Region to exchange experience in establishing national systems of accreditation, identi...
By assessing medical schools for accreditation purposes, professional medical registration bodies can be assured that a medical school’s educational programme satisfies agreed national guidelines for basic medical education. Moreover, accreditation of a medical school facilitates registration of its future graduates in other countries. A graduate o...
Chapter 9 in: Handbook on Monitoring and Evaluation of Human Resources for Health with special applications for low- and middle-income countries. Edited by Mario R Dal Poz, Neeru Gupta, The most efficient and immediate way to track changes to a health workforce is to use data from a routine administrative information system. Censuses and surveys, b...
Four months after South Sudan declared independence in 2011, I was assigned as WHO consultant to provide technical support to SSMoH to produce this updated HRD national strategic plan 2011-2015. As this important document's life span is about to expire soon and as the document has not been published or made accessible for researchers, I am sharing...
A total of thirty-two adult rat (Sprague Dawely) of both sexes weighing 250-350 g were used in this study. These were classified equally and randomly into two groups: Group (A) and group (B). All the animals were exposed to induction of left sciatic nerve crush injury by using fine forceps after application of surgical procedures. Rats in Group (A)...
In neonatal rat pups the femoral and tibial epiphyseal cartilages on the left side were coagulated with a microcautery device. The
subsequent femoral and tibial growth in length was markedly restricted on the left side, but the foot and the pelvic region exhibited
normal longitudinal growth. After 6 months the sciatic nerves were removed from both...
Three months after South Sudan declared independence in 2011, I was assigned as WHO consultant to provide technical support to SSMoH to produce this updated HRD policy 2011-2015. As this important document's life span is about to expire soon and as the document has not been published or made accessible for researchers, I am sharing my work with tho...
These results suggest that the number of axons in the rat sciatic nerve adapts to a target mal-development that sets in neonatally, and that internodal elongation during development proceeds according to the local growth in length of the nerve rather than to the length growth of the whole nerve. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1989 Dec 1;50(2):169-75. PMI...
For completely different circumstances, it happened that I was twice assigned, as Founding Dean, to establish from scratch two medical colleges in two different countries. In 1988, I was appointed in Tikrit University, Iraq and in 1997 in Hadhramout University in Yemen. The philosophy of the two programmes reclines in their abbreviated acronyms: Ti...
The purpose of this guide is to support Member States in strengthening existing, or establishing
new, human resources for health development departments at the central and subnational levels.
Thus, at the institutional level, any department or unit responsible for human resources for health
development, management and training-related activities, s...
A survey on the prevalence of thyroid enlargement has been carried out in Al-Shewish village for the period of Nov. 1993 to May 1994. The prevalence rate was 26.5%, where in male 30% (16) and female 70% (37) of thyroid gland enlargement were visible. The thyroid enlargement was most prevalent between the ages of 10-30 year in both sexes. Examinatio...
This study aims at testing the effect of Colchicine as an antimitotic agent on the experimentally induced rat sciatic nerve crush regeneration. Animals received a Single injection at day 28 postcrush and survived for 24 weeks. Results showed change in structure as compared with control specimens. These changes include elongation of internodes and e...
Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM) has adopted since its foundation in 1989 student-centred, problem based, fully integrated and community-oriented community-based educational strategies. We report here on four community-based education (CBE) packages in TUCOM curriculum where elements of primary health care and community medicine are de...
In this proposal, a detailed set of generic outcomes for a medical graduate has been identified and is stated for different medical colleges in Iraq. These colleges are expected to discuss, agree on and adopt as appropriate to suit the national priorities and specificities and in particular to fulfil the Revised Iraqi Accreditation Guideline 2010....
A new clinical training module based on complaint rather than discipline and disease was introduced for first time in fourth year in Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM) in 1992. I believe this was the first kind of Clinical Presentation Curriculum (CPC) introduced in Calgary years later. TUCOM adopted a fully integrated problem based curr...
The integrated problem based medical curriculum in Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM), Iraq is described. TUCOM was founded in 1987 and its first batch of students were enrolled in 1989. The college adopted from start an innovative program based mainly on number educational strategies including student-centred problem based learning, ful...
This study aims at comparing community-based(C-B) and hospital-based(H-B) approaches towards investigating intestinal parasitic infections in primary school children. In the C-B study, the prevalence reached 16% of population;43% of whom were anemic. In the H-B, the incidence was only 0.13% . The role of laboratory services is recommended to be ext...
This report on “Strengthening Aaccreditation of Medical Education Institutions in Iraq” was submitted as part of a consultation to a national workshop for deans (and assistants) of medical colleges in Iraq held in Erbil 24-26 September 2012. The document sets the way forward with a road map and plans of action tailored for each college to follow in...
The focus in this document is given to improve quality of pre-service education and production of health workers by guiding countries in establishing national systems of accreditation of pre-service education of health workers through the presentation of a set of generic standards that the health professions education colleges can adapt. The 85 sta...
Dr Ghanim Al Sheikh, the WHO regional adviser and Dr Omar Al Mahjoub WHO representative in Libya visited the Libyan International Medical University on 12 august 2010. The meeting was held at LIMU`s campus in Benghazi. Dr Mohammad Saad Ambarak (Limu's president) and attended by deans and experts from LIMU. The meeting discussed approaches to furthe...
The latest Reform of ME in USA, Carnegie Foundation 2010 (CR-2010)
100 years after Flexner's reform. A presentation based on CR-2010 by: Ghanim Alsheikh, WHO CC Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London. 2010. A copy of this presentation (as ppt.) can be obtained from GA on this ResearchGate page.
The most efficient and immediate way to track changes to a health workforce is to use data from a routine
administrative information system. Censuses and surveys, both population based and facility based, are key tools to provide an accurate snapshot of a country’s health workforce, but must be fully reconducted periodically to look at a changing s...
providing technical support to University of Jordan Faculty of Medicine to meet accreditation requirements:
Assignment Report submitted by Dr Ghanim Alsheikh, WHO consultant on the assignment to provide technical support to the Jordan University Faculty of Medicine (JUFOM), Amman to meet accreditation standards for the period 06-15 June 2009 (inclu...
Ghanim Mustafa Alsheikh, Célia Regina Pierantoni, Shannon Turlington, Danny De Vries. 2009. Use of administrative data sources for health workforce analysis: multicounty experience in implementation of human resources information systems. (Chapter 9).
No doubt, many factors resulted in failure of majority if not all developing countries to achieve the ”Health For All” by 2000. We believe that the most crucial factor was the ignorance to orient and train human resources for health as early as pre-service education and empower them to work towards such achievement. Without commitment, awareness an...
Working together to address the health workforce crisis in the Easter Mediterranean region.
The health workforce status in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) varies immensely, as its 22 member states represent a combination of low, middle and high income countries. The health workforce challenges in most of the countries include absolute shorta...
Report on Libya's HRD as of 2010. Libya in is privileged with a special kind of decentralized decision making that has allowed the health system to possess good numbers of different categories of health workforce mainly formed of nationals. However, currently there is neither an explicit policy on human resource development at national level nor a...
In 2008, “The Network TUFH” published an update on a medical education discussion forum established in the Easter Mediterranean Region and supported by WHO/EMRO to exchange experiences and ideas on the innovation in medical education in the region. Ghanim Alsheikh, then Regional Adviser at the WHO raised a question on the pace on propagation of inn...
The World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean held a regional meeting on establishment of a regional and national observatory for human resources for health as part of the health system observatory in Muscat, Oman, 16–18 December 2006. The objectives of the meeting were to enable countries of the eastern Mediterranean...
The Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) of the World Health Organization (WHO) has taken the initiative to conform to the global mandate to deliberate the case for standards in medical education and reach consensus about better health care of populations for educational problems. Led by the World Federation for Medical Education (WFME), th...
I added some explanatory notes to this presentation which I made as representative of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) in the WHO-WFME Joint Task Force on Accreditation: Seminar on Accreditation of Medical Education Institutions and Programmes, Copenhagen, 4-6 October 2004. It shows the status of the Region’s countries regarding the regio...
In 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Federation for Medical Education
(WFME) established the international Task Force on Accreditation in Medical Education. In October
2004, 26 members from 23 countries covering all six WHO–WFME regions assembled for three days
at a seminar in Copenhagen to discuss how WHO and WFME could contr...
In 2004, the WHO-WFME Strategic Partnership to improve medical education set up an international task force on accreditation of which I was a member. Based on the results of this task force the strategic partnership has formulated this set of guidelines for accreditation of basic medical education institutions and programmes. The guidelines have be...
In the aftermath of the war in March and April 2003, Iraq now finds itself, after more than three decades of Ba'ath party rule, in a period of uncertainty and transition. The events of 2003 mark the latest upheaval facing Iraq in its recent history. During the 1980-90's, Iraq experienced two major wars (the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War; the Kuwait War of...
This meeting in 2002 set up the initial agenda for reform and accreditation of medical and health professions education in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Cairo, Egypt 31 March-2 April 2002.
Comparing perspectives of 6th year medical students about medical education in innovative and conventional medical schools in Iraq.
The annual report (AR) on status of medical education and human resources development in countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is shown as part of the AR of the Regional Director. This document reports also on efforts by the relevant unit at regional office in initiating and supporting medical education reform and plans in establi...
This is a United Nations Development Group Technical Working Group Report (2001) on Iraq's Health Sector, Medicine and Medical Education. The report describes the status of educational programme at Tikrit Medical College (TUCOM) as of 2001. The report can be obtained from: http://iraq.undg.org/index.cfm?Module=Document&Page=Document&Category=56&Typ...
Medical Journal of Tikrit University. 2000. 6:173-6.
In a cross-sectional study conducted in Tikrit to evaluate rational prescription and a total of 600 prescriptions were analysed and showed that 75% of specialists and 84% of general practitioners prescribe >2 medicines per encounter with irrational prescriptions were more in GPs than specialists....
Medical Journal of Tikrit University. 2000. 6:177-183.
The study assessed the Primary Health care concepts, practices and evaluation as seen by 40 junior doctors working in PHC-Centres in Salahdeen province.
Al-Kumait, Thikra M, Al-Sheikh GYM. 2000. Primary Health Care: concepts & practices among junior doctors in Saladdin province: an evaluation study. Medical Journal of Tikrit University 6: 84-87. ISSN: 16831813.
Al-Shahwani, S, Al-Dujaily AA, Al-Sheikh GYM. 2000. Knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding Tetanus neonatorum in seven areas in Saladdin province. Medical Journal of Tikrit University 6: 130-134. ISSN: 16831813.
Summary
As we reflect, now (1999), on the culmination of ten academic years since the inception of studies at the Tikrit University College of Medicine, (TUCOM), the question arises: how has the trajectory of curricular development evolved in other medical colleges in Iraq? This inquiry explores whether this progression in other colleges steers awa...
Al-Samarrai, AM, Al-Sheikh GYM. 1999. Quality Assessment and Assurance of Clinical Biochemical Tests in the Laboratories of Saladdin Governorate. Medical Journal of Tikrit University 5:155-60. ISSN: 16831813.
Mustafa-Al-Sheikh GY, Kader MA.
1999.
Evaluation of activities involved in control of malaria in Altameem Governorate.
Journal Community Medicine, Baghdad 12: 18-21.
An intervention study proposing measures for Malaria control after testing these measures and scoring high effectiveness and efficiency as compared with the currently used measures...
Medical Journal of Tikrit University. (1998); 4: 58-61
Soccer players have a well conditioned heart rate (HR) which beats more slowly with greater force to eject a larger volume of blood in its stroke volume. Data were collected from 35 players of Samarra soccer club (13 senior first division and 22 youth players.) A comparison of anthropometric me...
Student Self Assessment as an integral part of medical curriculum. Abbas Al-Dujaily, Abd I Allan, GY Mustafa-Alsheikh. Most medical curricula focus on theory and ignore behaviour and attitude despite recognized importance. In Tikrit University College of Medicine, a special check list is used twice a week by students after each PBL small group disc...
AlKumait, TM , Al-Sheikh GY. 1998. Knowledge, attitude and practice of doctors and mothers towards family planning in Tikrit. Medical Journal of Tikrit University 4: 26-31. ISSN: 16831813.
إنه من البديهي التفكير بالقوى البشرية العاملة كبداية للتفكير في نقل وتوطيد التقانة حيث لايمكن ذلك بدون وجود قوى عاملة قادرة على إحداث مثل هكذا تغيير تطويري كبير. وتعتبر عملية إعداد وتعليم وتدريب القوى البشرية العاملة أول الخطوات الواجب وجودها لخلق القوة البشرية الحرجة اللازمة لعملية النقل (Critical Mass)
Tikrit University College Of Medicine adopts an innovative community-oriented, problem-based curriculum since its establishment in 1989. Both vertical and horizontal full integration is achieved through the learning activities arranged around health problems. Each year is divided into 2-12 weeks long blocks according to system-organ themes. Each we...
تم تطوير منهاج جديد للتدريب السريري لطلبة الصف الرابع يعتمد على فترات دراسية مبنية على نوع الشكوى المرضية وفق موضع الشكوى التشريحي في الجسم وتتم الدراسة في الصف الرابع بطريقة مشابهة لطريقة حل المشاكل التي سبق للطالب ممارستها عبر السنوات الثلاثة قبل الرابع
1995. The effect of curriculum on the behaviour and personality of students: Tikrit experience. Scientific Journal of Tikrit University / Medical Section 1:82-6. ISSN: 16831813. By: Al-Sheikh GYM, Sulaiman ND.
In Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM) a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) program was adopted since establishment in 1989. The study...
Hussain HH, Al-Sheikh GYM.
1995.
Study on the effects of sulphur dioxide exposure on the pulmonary functions of the Northern Oil Refinery workers at Baiji. Scientific Journal of Tikrit University / Medical Section 1:128-36. ISSN: 16831813.
Improvement of parameters of Internodal length and diameters of regenerated Sciatic nerve fibres was achieved in groups of Sprage Dawley rats undergoing experimentally injured nerves followed by Vit A injections over periods of post-injury as compared with similar groups without Vit A injections.
Article on interviews with number of students on their experience and opinion of students on the new PBL curriculum adopted by Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM) since its foundation in 1988 published in the weekly magazine “Alif Ba” in 1993.
Article on interviews with number of students on their experience and opinion on the new PBL curriculum adopted by Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM) since its foundation in 1988. The article was published, in Arabic language, in the Iraqi weekly magazine "Alif-Ba" in 1993.
Al-Sheikh GYM. 1991. Study on the participants’ attitude towards training methods in management course for mid-level leadership. Typed dissertation deposited at Library, National Centre for Management and Leadership Development, Baghdad. The dominant teaching and training method was lecturing. However, with a few lecturers, some open discussions we...
In neonatal rat pups the femoral and tibial epiphyseal cartilages on the left side were coagulated with a microcautery device. The subsequent femoral and tibial growth in length was markedly restricted on the left side, but the foot and the pelvic region exhibited normal longitudinal growth. After 6 months the sciatic nerves were removed from both...
The use Colchicine injections in the experimentally injured rat Sciatic nerve improved the outcome of the regeneration process. The ultra-structural changes are described and compared to a control injured nerves. An Electron Microscopic study. http://aanos.org/
Effects of an experimental hindlimb growth disturbance on the sciatic nerve, presented during the Society for Neurosciences Abstracts (SfN-USA), 14:1274. https://www.sfn.org/
The relation between internodal length (L) and fibre diameter (D) was examined light microscopically in teased specimens from normal developing rat sciatic nerves, and from rat sciatic nerves which had regenerated following crush lesions at various postnatal ages. In newborn rat pups virtually all sciatic nerve axons are unmyelinated and myelinatio...
Twelve adult rats received a crush lesion of the left sciatic nerve in the upper thigh. Following survival times of 2 weeks to 6 months, the animals were perfused with glutaraldehyde. Longitudinal thin sections from regenerated nerve segments were examined by electron microscopy. At survival periods of 2 weeks to 1 month, exceptionally short intern...
The relation between internodal length (L) and fibre diameter (D) was examined light microscopically in teased specimens from normal developing rat sciatic nerves, and from rat sciatic nerves which had regenerated following crush lesions at various postnatal ages. In newborn rat pups virtually all sciatic nerve axons are unmyelinated and myelinatio...
Questions
Questions (11)
Is it not essential for the medical students to practise the "inquiry-based learning" throughout their undergraduate medical study?
Which is more effective to have several skills labs affiliated to departments or to have a single skills lab for the medical school and why?
What prevents you from calling your current place as an "Institute of Academic Excellence?"
Is it enough for medical students to show how to perform a competency?
Anticipating a serious workforce shortage, the World Health Organization advocates substantial changes in how we prepare clinicians for practice. A look at current medical student education supports that recommendation. Curriculums vary internationally: students are health workers in some countries and observers in others; they progress from medical school to hospital generalist training in some countries and direct to specialties in others. However, the main source of evidence about preparedness for practice is the UK. This may be because UK students, with little experience of practice, shoulder heavy clinical responsibilities as foundation trainees. See more: https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4298
