Gunnar Stevens

Gunnar Stevens
University of Siegen · M.A. Program in Human Computer Interaction

About

229
Publications
50,179
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2,932
Citations

Publications

Publications (229)
Article
Investigating digital privacy behavior requires consideration of its contextual nuances and the underlying social norms. This study delves into users' joint articulation of such norms by probing their implicit assumptions and "common sense" surrounding privacy conventions. To achieve this, we introduce Privacy Taboo, a card game designed to serve a...
Article
Full-text available
Recent advances in technology have propelled Artificial Intelligence (AI) into a crucial role in everyday life, enhancing human performance through sophisticated models and algorithms. However, the focus on predictive accuracy has often resulted in opaque black-box models that lack transparency in decision-making. To address this issue, significant...
Article
On online platforms, algorithms help us build and manage our relationships. However, their invisible interventions might also pose harm to these connections. Dating platforms offer a prime example where, despite extensive research on human-inflicted harm, the potential harm from the algorithms themselves, and user strategies for mitigating them, re...
Article
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People must perform bureaucratic, administrative work in daily life, such as applying for official documents, concluding contracts, organizing purchases, managing pension plans, etc. This work is time-consuming and unequally distributed in the household. At its best, it is perceived as boring; at its worst, it is mentally and emotionally stressful,...
Preprint
Full-text available
Recent advances in technology have propelled Artificial Intelligence (AI) into a crucial role in everyday life, enhancing human performance through sophisticated models and algorithms. However, the focus on predictive accuracy has often resulted in opaque, black box models that lack transparency in decision-making. To address this issue, significan...
Conference Paper
Effective information security policies are crucial for organisations to mitigate information security threats and risks. However, poorly designed information security policies can lead to hidden costs and decreased compliance in daily work routines. While behavioural factors like social norms, positive attitudes, and knowledge are well known to in...
Article
Full-text available
Charging electric vehicles (EVs) with renewable energy can lessen their environmental impact. However, the fluctuating availability of renewable energy affects the sustainability of public EV charging stations. Nearby public charging stations may utilize differing energy sources due to their microgrid connections-ranging from exclusively renewable...
Article
Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly gaining attention across the open-source and commercial fields, bolstered by their constantly growing capabilities. While such models have a vast array of applications, their integration into higher education—as supportive tools for lecturers—has been largely unexplored. Exploring this area entails understan...
Article
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This research paper investigates the temporal and mental workload as well as work satisfaction regarding bureaucratic, administrative household labor, with a focus on socio-demographic differences. The study utilizes a paid online survey with 617 socio-demographically distributed participants. The results show significant differences in the tempora...
Preprint
Full-text available
Customers' reviews and feedback play crucial role on electronic commerce~(E-commerce) platforms like Amazon, Zalando, and eBay in influencing other customers' purchasing decisions. However, there is a prevailing concern that sellers often post fake or spam reviews to deceive potential customers and manipulate their opinions about a product. Over th...
Article
The application and use cases for conversational agents (CAs) are versatile. Smart speakers such as Alexa and Google Home are used in smart home environments, digital agents are integrated into car systems and chatbots are increasingly used in customer service processes. However, human–computer interaction researchers identify and investigate a wid...
Article
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The digitization of financial activities in consumers' lives is increasing, and the digitalization of invoicing processes is expected to play a significant role, although this area is not well understood regarding the private sector. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) research have a long history of anal...
Article
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Occupants’ personal thermal comfort (PTC) is indispensable for their well-being, physical and mental health, and work efficiency. The heating system controlled by Artificial intelligence (AI) can calibrate the indoor thermal condition automatically by analyzing different physiological and environmental variables. Predicting occupants’ personal ther...
Chapter
Recent technological advancements have led to a large number of patents in a diverse range of domains, making it challenging for human experts to analyze and manage. State-of-the-art methods for multi-label patent classification rely on deep neural networks (DNNs), which are complex and often considered black-boxes due to their opaque decision-maki...
Article
Full-text available
Vehicle emissions have been identified as a cause of air pollution and one of the major reasons why air quality in many large German cities such as Berlin, Bonn, Hamburg, Cologne or Munich does not meet EU-wide limits. As a result, in the recent past, judicial driving bans on diesel vehicles have been imposed in many places since those vehicles emi...
Conference Paper
As digitization continues, consumers are increasingly exposed to AI scoring decisions. However, currently lacking is a thorough under- standing of how users’ misjudgments of an AI-supported system lead to it being rejected. Therefore, investigations are needed into the appropriation of such socio-technical systems in practice and how users describe...
Conference Paper
Connected homes and smart assistants shape the future practices of humans, but they do not yet perfectly fit their needs and processes. Our research explores how smart assistants can effectively support users during cooking. First, we completed an observational study with ten participants to understand their needs for competence and autonomy in rel...
Article
Full-text available
Although Voice Assistants are ubiquitously available for some years now, the interaction is still monotonous and utilitarian. Sound design offers conceptual and methodological research to design auditive interfaces. Our work aims to complement and supplement voice interaction with sonic overlays to enrich the user experience. Therefore, we followed...
Article
Full-text available
In both data protection law and research of usable privacy, awareness and control over the collection and use of personal data are understood to be cornerstones of digital sovereignty. For example, the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides data subjects with the right to access data collected by organizations but remains uncle...
Conference Paper
In recent years, digital sovereignty has become a central term in digital policy discourses. Both authoritarian and democratic states use digital sovereignty as a base for their digital policy, although, the individual interpretation and resulting policy and power balance might be quite diferent. Given the importance of this term, the HCI community...
Article
There has been a growing interest in taste research in the HCI and CSCW communities. However, the focus is more on stimulating the senses, while the socio-cultural aspects have received less attention. However, individual taste perception is mediated through social interaction and collective negotiation and is not only dependent on physical stimula...
Chapter
Konsument:innen scheint die Lust vergangen zu sein, individuellen Kleidungs stil auszudrücken, da der Onlinehandel zur Steigerung von Auswahlmöglichkeiten geführt hat. Dies mündet unter anderem in der Nutzung virtueller Stilberatungen. Diese Dienste dienen dazu, Kund:innen möglichst effizient, individuell und authentisch "zu machen", und sind somit...
Article
Much is known about social engineering strategies (SE) during the attack phase, but little is known about the post-attack period. To address this gap, we conducted 17 narrative interviews with victims of cyber fraud. We found that while it was seen to be important for victims to act immediately and to take countermeasures against attack, they often...
Article
Full-text available
Food practices have become an important context for questions around sustainability. Within HCI, Sustainable HCI and Human-Food-Interaction have developed as a response. We argue, nevertheless, that food practices as a social activity remain relatively under-examined and further that sustainable food practices hinge on communal activity. We present...
Conference Paper
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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a concept aimed at making complex algorithms transparent to users through a uniform solution. Researchers have highlighted the importance of integrating domain-specific contexts to develop explanations tailored to end-users. In this study, we focus on the Schufa housing scoring system in Germany and inve...
Article
Background: Consumers rely heavily on online user reviews when shopping online and cybercriminals produce fake reviews to manipulate consumer opinion. Much prior research focuses on the automated detection of these fake reviews, which are far from perfect. Therefore, consumers must be able to detect fake reviews on their own. In this study we surve...
Article
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Despite various attempts to prevent food waste and motivate conscious food handling, household members find it difficult to correctly assess the edibility of food. With the rise of ambient voice assistants, we did a design case study to support households’ in situ decision-making process in collaboration with our voice agent prototype, Fischer Frit...
Chapter
Die Lebenswelt von Verbraucher:innen wird zunehmend digitalisiert. Ein wachsendes Problem ist dabei die Online-Kriminalität. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Literatur zu Onlinebetrug. Dabei beschreiben wir verschiedene Formen des Onlinebetrugs und legen dar, welche Verbraucher:innen besonders von dieser Form der Kriminalität b...
Article
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While the recent discussion on Art. 25 GDPR often considers the approach of data protection by design as an innovative idea, the notion of making data protection law more effective through requiring the data controller to implement the legal norms into the processing design is almost as old as the data protection debate. However, there is another,...
Conference Paper
Intelligent Personal Assistants (IPA) are advertised as reliable companions in the everyday life to simplify household tasks. Due to speech-based usability issues, users struggle to deeply engage with current systems. The capabilities of newer generations of standalone devices are even extended by a display, also to address some weaknesses like mem...
Article
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Disposing of bad actors on social media is a daunting task, particularly in the face of "engineered social tampering" [4]. That is what Ferrara et al. [6] have labeled the rise of social bots, and large platform owners are struggling to mitigate the harmful effects caused by such malicious software. Therefore, it is no surprise that platform owners...
Article
In both data protection law and research of usable privacy, awareness and control over the collection and use of personal data are understood to be cornerstones of digital sovereignty. For example, the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides data subjects with the right to access data collected by organisations but remains uncle...
Poster
Full-text available
Technological objects present themselves as necessary, only to become obsolete faster than ever before. This phenomenon has led to a population that experiences a plethora of technological objects, which become associated with certain stages of life and disappear thereafter.
Preprint
Full-text available
Technological objects present themselves as necessary, only to become obsolete faster than ever before. This phenomenon has led to a population that experiences a plethora of technological objects and interfaces as they age, which become associated with certain stages of life and disappear thereafter. Noting the expanding body of literature within...
Article
Data protection risks play a major role in data protection laws and have shown to be suitable means for accountability in designing for usable privacy. Especially in the legal realm, risks are typically collected heuristically or deductively, e.g., by referring to fundamental right violations. Following a user-centered design credo, research on usa...
Conference Paper
Recent publications propose concepts of systems that integrate the various services and data sources of everyday food practices. However, this research does not go beyond the conceptualization of such systems. Therefore, there is a deficit in understanding how to combine different services and data sources and which design challenges arise from bui...
Poster
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Today More personal data than ever before is being collected. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) aims to strengthen the rights of consumers. But it is unclear how GDPR can be concretely implemented.
Article
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Advocates of autonomous driving predict that the occupation of taxi driver could be made obsolete by shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) in the long term. Conducting interviews with German taxi drivers, we investigate how they perceive the changes caused by advancing automation for the future of their business. Our study contributes insights into how...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Since stationary self-checkout is widely introduced and well understood, previous research barely examined newer generations of smartphone-based Scan&Go. Especially from a design perspective, we know little about the factors contributing to the adoption of Scan&Go solutions and how design enables consumers to take full advantage of this development...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
In the course of growing online retailing, recommendation systems have become established that derive recommendations from customers’ purchase histories. Recommending suitable food products can represent a lucrative added value for food retailers, but at the same time challenges them to make good predictions for repeated food purchases. Repeat purc...
Poster
Full-text available
blocked without knowing the exact reasons or having effective ways to change the situation. In this study, we surveyed 15 Instagram users with blocking experiences about their understanding of algorithmic decision making and their need for explanations to understand the situation and interact with the system. Our results show that instead of post-d...
Preprint
Full-text available
In 1991, researchers at the center for the Learning Sciences of Carnegie Mellon University were confronted with the confusing question of "where is AI?" from users, who were interacting with artificial intelligence (AI) but did not realize it. After three decades of research, we are still facing the same issue with the unclear understanding of AI a...
Conference Paper
Critical consumerism is complex as ethical values are difficult to negotiate, appropriate products are hard to find, and product information is overwhelming. Although recommender systems offer solutions to reduce such complexity, current designs are not appropriate for niche practices and use non-personalized intransparent ethics. To support critic...
Article
In 1991, researchers at the center for the Learning Sciences of Carnegie Mellon University were confronted with the confusing question of “where is AI?” from users, who were interacting with artificial intelligence (AI) but did not realize it. After three decades of research, we are still facing the same issue with the unclear understanding of AI a...
Article
The desire to encourage companies to invest in energy efficiency has prompted various incentives, including taxation benefits. Many companies have invested in digital infrastructures to help them save energy but, as we show below, there are significant challenges in running a digital infrastructure in companies. Some of the projects in question inv...
Conference Paper
With the debates on climate change and sustainability, a reduction of the share of cars in the modal split has become increasingly prevalent in both public and academic discourse. Besides some motivational approaches, there is a lack of ICT artifacts that successfully raise the ability of consumers to adopt sustainable mobility patterns. To further...
Conference Paper
Frequently the main purpose of domestic artifacts equipped with smart sensors is to hide technology, like previous examples of a Smart Mirror show. However, current Smart Homes often fail to provide meaningful IoT applications for all residents’ needs. To design beyond efficiency and productivity, we propose to realize the potential of the traditio...
Data
Many questions arise in companies regarding the handling of data: How can the value of data assets be determined and how can the possibilities of Data Science be scaled? What resources are already available for this purpose? There are also questions about how designers and developers can collaborate effectively to design data-driven applications an...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Research on food practices has become more common among scholars of HCI in recent years. Human-Food-Interaction (HFI) looks into the interplay of humans, food and technology. HFI, even so, has paid relatively little attention to the more collective elements of food practice, including social bonding [1]. The modest project we describe below aimed t...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
In 1991 the researchers at the center for the Learning Sciences of Carnegie Mellon University were confronted with the confusing question of "where is AI" from the users, who were interacting with AI but did not realize it. Three decades of research and we are still facing the same issue with the AI-technology users. In the lack of users' awareness...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Today, more personal data than ever before is being collected and stored by companies of all types for a wide variety of purposes. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) aims to strengthen the rights of consumers by providing them with tools for controlling data collection and processing. While companies are now subject to legal obligations,...
Article
Full-text available
It is anticipated that autonomous vehicles will have a huge impact on the creation of sustainable smart cities and communities. One of the key concerns regarding autonomous vehicles is how automation may threaten jobs in the transport industry, including the traditional role of taxi drivers. To begin to explore how important an actual taxi driver i...
Preprint
Full-text available
Plant-based diets, once considered to be something of a fad, have now taken on an entirely new significance as the ecological consequences of diet choice have become more apparent; it is now acknowledged that dietary choices have significant consequences for sustainability. However, plant-based cooking and the veganization of recipes are things new...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Usability und User Experience (UX) haben als Design-Aspekte in der Produktentwicklung zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Daher ist es sinnvoll, die organisationale Kompetenz zur Entwicklung von Produkten mit einer positiven UX zu stärken. Veränderungen in Organisationen sind jedoch mit großem Aufwand verbunden. Deshalb müssen Organisationen entscheid...
Conference Paper
Social sustainability effects of autonomous vehicles are being discussed in a controversial manner. While there are numerous social benefits to be expected with the advent of autonomous vehicles, some people will face drawbacks of this development. On the one hand for those who earn their living by driving and on the other hand for those customers...
Article
Full-text available
With the debate on climate change, topics of diet change and the reduction of animal products have become increasingly important in both public and academic discourses. However, sustainable ICT studies have so far focused on individual aspects, in particular investigating the criticized persuasive design approach. We argue for a broader perspective...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
For over a decade, researchers from the practice-centered computing community are taking social practices as a unit of design. While the first generation focused on a social practice in isolation, more recent work argues for the (inter-)connections of mutually influencing practices as the primary unit of design. We discuss these current approaches...
Article
The GDPR regulates at present the handling with personal data fundamentally new and thereby opens new leeway. At the same time, it creates great uncertainty among those affected. One example of this is web tracking: It helps designers to improve the utility and usability of their websites based on, in part, extensive (personal) data collection, or...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Given current traffic problems, transport-induced air pollution and climate damaging emissions, researchers are investigating potentials of autonomous vehicles (AVs) to contribute to a more sustainable mobility. Some studies, however, indicate that the introduction of AVs may cause rebound effects that could further harm the environment such uninte...
Conference Paper
Trust is the lubricant of the sharing economy. This is true especially in peer-to-peer carsharing, in which one leaves a highly valuable good to a stranger in the hope of getting it back unscathed. Nowadays, ratings of other users are major mechanisms for establishing trust. To foster uptake of peer-to-peer carsharing, connected car technology open...
Article
Full-text available
Zusammenfassung Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland erlebt in jüngster Vergangenheit verstärkt Dieselfahrverbote in Großstädten. Gleichzeitig erfahren Großstädte als Lebensmittelpunkt eine steigende Beliebtheit. Für Verkehrsunternehmen gilt es, der Bevölkerung nachhaltige Mobilitätslösungen zu bieten, die ein Höchstmaß an Flexibilität ermöglichen. Moder...