Gulen Cagdas

• PhD Professor of Architectural Computing
• Professor (Full) at Istanbul Technical University

Çalışma kapsamında bir temel tasarım stüdyosu bağlamında çok modlu bir yapay zekâ modeli ile üretilen sentetik tasarım çözümleri, öğrenciler tarafından üretilen organik tasarım çözümleri ile karşılaştırmalı bir çerçevede ele alınmıştır. Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci modeli kullanılarak, üretilen sentetik çözümlerin performansları eleman tanımları, biçi...

Digital participation relies on computational systems as the instruments for expert engagement, data-driven insight, and informed decision-making. This study aims to increase expert engagement with the Bayesian-based decision support model in evaluating urban vibrancy decisions. In this study, urban vibrancy parameters are defined using “economic,...

The paper presents a novel method for classifying architectural spaces in terms of topological and visual relationships required by the functions of the spaces (where spaces such as bedrooms and bathrooms have less visual and physical relationships due to the privacy, while common spaces such as living rooms have higher visual relationship and phys...

Navigation devices that are tailored to the user's preferences offer personalized routes. When multiple users are involved, it can be hard to find a route that suits everyone's preferences and avoid conflicting interests. A decision support system can improve the quality of user decisions. Traditional systems typically consider only the predefined...

The speed at which cities are growing and developing today cannot be disregarded. Human activities and natural causes are both contributors to urban growth. The relationship between these factors is complex and the complexity makes it difficult for the human mind alone to understand cities. A model that helps reveal the complexity is needed for urb...

In this study, a method, in which parametric design and robotic fabrication are combined into one unified framework, and integrated within a mixed reality environment, where designers can interact with design and fabrication alternatives, and manage this process in collaboration with other designers, is proposed. To achieve this goal, the digital t...

The research presents a multi-criteria decision-making method that focuses on evaluating spatial performance by considering all areas without roads or structural elements as “urban surfaces”. In this context, the Seyyid Ömer neighbourhood in Istanbul’s Fatih district, as the study area, was discussed in detail in terms of physical, ecological, and...

Liveability can be accepted as an umbrella term covering all the factors that make a place to live. We recognize the versatility of urban liveability and focus on the vibrancy aspect. Regarding the literature, we compile variables affecting urban liveability under the economic, image, and use value of place. This article aims to present a data-driv...

Günümüzde hesaplamalı tasarım düşüncesi ve yaklaşımlarının, bireylerin algılama ve ifade biçimlerini; yaşam pratiklerini sürekli bir değişime ve dönüşüme uğrattığı önemli bir gerçekliktir. Bu dönüşüm, eğitim anlayışlarında da değişiklikleri tetikleyerek, öğretmeden daha çok öğrenmeye odaklanan stratejilerin geliştirilmesine öncülük etmektedir. Tasa...

Metro lines, which have become one of the most important transportation routes for today's cities, require long design and implementation processes. Their design load is mostly due to detailed engineering calculations, have to expand to meet the needs of the ever-increasing population. The behavior of slime moulds to find the shortest path they use...

For the 21st century learners, Millennials and Gen-Z students, the concept of Computational Thinking (CT) has been inclusively affirmed in higher education with different teaching methods and strategies. However, it has been almost a decade that Generation Z students form the main bulk of students in classrooms. And their distinct characteristics f...

Artificial intelligence and machine learning approach have the capacity to be an important collaboration model for architects by learning the complex relationships that architectural floor plans contain and embody. Various models have been proposed for floor plan recognition. The work presented by Huang & Zheng (2018) aimed to recognize space funct...

This article reports results of a study on reducing commute times in Istanbul, Turkey with special reference to university students. In order to reduce commute times in cities with high population density, this study proposes a mutual home exchange model for university students. The proposed model searches for suitable matches that can reduce commu...

This study presents a computational approach to generating infill designs in historic urban quarters, by utilizing urban knowledge. The approach consists of three consecutive phases. The data collection phase includes the steps of collecting, cleaning, combining, and visualizing urban data from the historic city. The data analysis phase contains da...

The latest developments in computational design has caused a massive paradigm shift in contemporary architecture. While the power of the new computational tools allow the designers to design fluid and dynamic transformational forms replacing the rigid norms of current processes, it also accelerates the integration of design and making. Digital manu...

Public spaces are a meeting point in the city, where different individuals meet and spend time together. Transportation options for these areas may not always be the same due to the changing demands of individuals. It is important that the preferences are not the same and not directed to the same option in order to ensure diversity in the use of pu...

A smart and sustainable city should be an innovative city that uses information and communication technologies to improve the quality of life via its operations. They need to be planned, managed, and regulated by open data collected through different data sources to provide efficient services. Transportation services can be accepted as one of the e...

Emergence as a product of natural processes is a typical feature for traditional and vernacular housing settlements created by different users with their various needs. However, this feature disappears in housing production approaches for uniform and standard users due to mass production concerns. The main reason is that user needs cannot be fully...

Customized navigation devices allow personalized routings based on user preferences. In determining common preferences for multi-user, it may become difficult to meet at a common point due to conflict of interests. A decision support system could serve as an asset to increase the quality of decisions users take. In conventional systems, decision ma...

Enformasyon ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler, bilimsel devrimden bu yana ivmelenen uzmanlaşmanın yarattığı disiplinlerarası kopuklukları azaltabilmek için aranan ortak zemini oluşturmuştur. Özellikle bilişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerin pek çoğu matematik, biyoloji, fizik, tıp ve felsefe gibi temel alanların birbiriyle etkileşiminden do...

Climate adaptive building shells contribute to improving building energy performance and occupant's comfort needs by using control strategies. Climate adaptive building shells carry out the adaptation efficiently thanks to the mechanisms consisting of sensors, processors and actuators systematically participated in decision-making process. In this...

Tasarım süreçlerinin artan karmaşıklığı, tasarımcı ile kullanıcı arasındaki mesafeyi arttırmakta ve bu da tasarımda kullanıcı deneyimini göz önünde bulundurmayı zorlaştırmaktadır. Kullanıcıların otonom karar verme varlıkları olarak temsil edildiği hesaplamalı modeller kullanıcı davranışlarının benzetim modelleri ile temsil edilmesinde yardımcı olma...

Dünya genelinde bisiklet kullanımını artırmak için bisiklet paylaşım sistemleri uygulanmaktadır. Bisiklet paylaşım istasyonlarına olan potansiyel talep ve istasyonların yerlerinin uygun şekilde seçilmesi, bu sistemlerin başarısını yüksek derecede etkilemektedir. Genç nüfusun fazla ve bisiklet kullanımı açısından mesafelerin elverişli olduğu ünivers...

Disasters have devastating effects on socioeconomic status, the built environment, and infrastructure of the cities; also, they lead to complex and ambiguous disaster management processes that are hard to manage. Therefore, developing a proper disaster management strategy is crucial. Selecting appropriate emergency assembly points (EAPs) as well as...

Adaptive façades can enhance energy efficiency in buildings while also sustaining user comfort by using performance-driven decision-making strategies. As a sub-category of adaptive façades, advanced and intelligent façades are executed efficiently by means of mechanisms consisting of sensors, processors and actuators that systematically participate...

Computer technology has affected architectural studies as well as other professions. Architectural tools are used in every stage of the design and their primary goals are transferring and sharing the ideas of the architects’ mind. Nevertheless, in the early design phase, digital design tools remain ineffective in terms of idea development. Current...

The current technologies have created a shift from Computer Aided Design to Computational Design in architecture. Computational design allows inquiries into what can be implicit knowledge in traditional design thinking, enables the definition of the mechanisms of design process and formulations of design knowledge and representation, and defines ge...

The current technologies have created a shift from Computer Aided Design to Computational Design in architecture. Computational design allows inquiries into what can be implicit knowledge in traditional design thinking, enables the definition of the mechanisms of design process and formulations of design knowledge and representation, and defines ge...

Leadership in Energy and Environment Design (LEED) is one of the most known and widely preferred green building certificate that is provided by the United States Green Building Council (USGBC). Among the several certificate types of LEED, the most recent one is LEED Building Design and Construction: Transit Stations (LEED BD+C: TS), published in or...

Since the concept of performance varies depending on the context and where it is applied, there is no general definition of performance-based design. Although it has no exact definition, when viewed from a broad perspective, performance-based design relates to all of the computational design areas. The performance-based design makes suggestions abo...

The growing complexity of design processes increases the distance between designer and user, which makes it challenging to consider user experience in design. Computational models can help us to simulate user behaviors where agents represent users as a collection of autonomous decision-making entities. In this context, development of these models s...

Green spaces which are the breathing points for people in the cities are becoming insufficient as a result of increasing population caused by rapid and unplanned urbanization. Inadequacy of green spaces both in size and accessibility causes ecological, climatic and social problems as well as problems affecting human health. These problems often cre...

The paper presents a smart bike sharing system proposal with intent to promote cycling for tourists as a sightseeing trip in the Historical Peninsula of Istanbul, where high population, inadequate road infrastructure and traffic congestion make the mobility difficult. Cycling offers an alternative sustainable transportation mode to overcome these m...

The aim of the study is to examine and evaluate the perceptions of architecture students on spatial perception, topological relations of spaces and understanding a form as a whole. In the scope of the study, space and perception of space in architectural education were examined through both Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) and 3D modeling environmen...

In the scope of this study, a survey is conducted to estimate the e-scooter potential usage in Istanbul. The main criteria for the locations of e-scooters are collected through online questionnaires and information available from the e-scooter companies around the world. Following that, collected criteria are processed in multi-criteria decision an...

In the scope of this study, a survey is conducted to estimate the e-scooter potential usage in Istanbul. The main criteria for the locations of e-scooters are collected through online questionnaires and information available from the e-scooter companies around the world. Following that, collected criteria are processed in multi-criteria decision an...

The study aims to examine the perception of topological relations of spaces through comparing immersive virtual reality environment (IVR) and 3D modeling environment. In addition, the effect of color in the perception of topological relations are also investigated. A couple of experiment setups were created in order to compare IVR and 3D modeling e...

Bu çalışmanın ana kurgusu organik bir şekilde oluşan Gaziantep geleneksel kent dokusunun oluşum sürecini, sosyal ve mimari dinamiklerin birlikte ele alınabildiği sayısal bir analiz yöntemi ile değerlendirmek ve yorumlamaktır. Geleneksel kent dokusunun oluşumunda toplumsal faktörlerin etkisinin -sözel bir analiz ile ortaya koyulamayan özelliklerin-...

Over the last decades, technological advancements were carried out with a great pace and that forced industries to drastic changes and paradigm shifts. These advancements provide new opportunities that arise with their new requirements. Due to some of these requirements, AEC industry unwittingly caused some crucial global issues which are gaining m...

Traditional cities are complex organic systems which have many forms and structures affecting each other spontaneously through time. Today, uncontrolled urbanization activities destroy the wholeness of these organic patterned structures and destroy their local character by top-down planning decisions and designers� personal motives. Thus, for enhan...

Patterns in nature, either the cells forming the skins of living organisms or the sand forming the dunes, are in a constant change. Given that, pattern cannot only be seen as an absolute image of a whole formed by units, but it can also be seen as a process, which is controlled by stimuli affecting the outcome both visually and functionally in the...

Many researchers point out that, in conceptual design, many significant decisions are taken to directly affect functional qualities, the performance of the building, aesthetics, and the relationship of the building with the natural environment and climate, even if there is no certain and valid information to create and obtain satisfactory design so...

Performative and adaptive architecture is very popular nowadays. Especially, environmental problems such as climate changing and air pollution is increasing by the non-technologic buildings. So, designers are interested on the adaptive building to stop this environmental problems as soon as it is possible by some technological methods as performati...

Recent studies on domestic spaces have demonstrated that social meaning and cultural values are mostly reflected by means of spatial organizations of houses, thus, in that way, different cultures express themselves through different spatial models. In this respect, space syntax and visibility graph analyses arise as the computational approaches to...

Nowadays as the aim to reduce the environmental impact of buildings becomes more apparent, a new architectural design approach is gaining momentum called sustainable architectural design. Sustainable architectural design process includes some regulations itself, which requires calculations, comparisons and consists of several possible conflicting o...

Adaptif Mimarlık çevresel etkenlerin mimariyi etkili bir şekilde biçimlendirerek, bina içerisinde bulunan kullanıcının da konforlu ve ideal şartlar altında yaşam sürdürmesini sağlamaktadır. Bunların yanısıra adaptif mimarlık çevrenin korunması ve sürdürülebilirlik açısından da önemlidir. Yaşadığımız mekanların sürekli olarak değiştiği dünyamızda, ç...

Yazıda, hesaplamalı tasarım yaklaşımlarının temelinde yatan kuramsal çalışmalar, izlenen yöntemler ve kullanılan teknikler kısaca açıklanmıştır; bunların tasarım uygulamalarına yansıyan yönleri, İTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bilişim Anabilim Dalı Mimari Tasarımda Bilişim Lisansüstü programında yapılan tez çalışmalarında geliştirilen modelleri ve çalı...

Mass housing designs have become increasingly important due to the reasons of protecting urban aesthetic, providing originality and meeting the growing user demands. Accordingly, the need of having alternatives of new design approaches for these buildings has emerged. This paper focuses on the contributions of digital tools as a decision-support to...

In today’s digital epoch, existing design interfaces are insufficient for the generation of abstract and conceptual ideas by designers in early phases of the design process. This is despite the rapid spread and wide adoption of digital design tools and methods over the past two decades. Traditional design tools such as sketching and physical modeli...

The design of a building should protect occupants against attacks and other threats such as fires and earthquakes. In order to develop more effective designs, environmental factors and occupant characteristics should be examined thoroughly. Human populations have many differences in respect of physiologic, anatomic, behavioral and anthropometric fa...

This study aims to unravel the ideas governing the discussions on the ways in which architects interact with digital media by applying the phenomenological approach, which has common foundation in philosophy, human-computer interaction and cognitive science. In taking the steps necessary to reach this aim, this paper attempts to understand the natu...

Today, we live in what we call the “Information Age”, an age in which information technologies are constantly being renewed and developed. Out of this has emerged a new approach called “Computational Design” or “Digital Design”. In addition to significantly influencing all fields of engineering, this approach has come to play a similar role in all...

Depending on population growth in major cities, in our country, the importance of the concept of mass housing has been increasing. Also the studies for solution of the problem haven’t been both able to meet the needs of the users and to provide uniqueness, variety and flexibility in terms of the design. However, Cellular Automata (CA), one of rapid...

Interpreting is rarely discussed in the context of basic design, which is mostly deemed as an overly rationalized teaching of the fundamentals of designing. This paper sheds light on the relation of designing and interpreting based on design protocols where novice architectural design students are asked to create basic organizations and write about...

Agent-based systems are being used as decision support systems for solving architectural design problems. Usually in design phase, user behavior is ignored by the designers. Therefore, after the construction, the users face difficulties in emergency situations and in daily usage. As a result, buildings become insufficient to respond to users? needs...

Shape grammars are the algorithmic systems used to analyze existing designs or create new ones. In spite of using text or symbols to express abstract representations, shape grammars aid to create novel designs through computational effort with shapes and rules. Many probabilities of rule selections and applications of these rules may generate emerg...

Anahtar kelimeler: Mimarlık eğitimi, bilişim teknolojileri, bilgisayar destekli tasarım 1. Giriş Küreselleşen dünyamızda yükseköğrenim modellerinin teknolojik gelişmelere paralel bir değişim içerisinde olduğu söylenebilir. Özellikle mimarlık alanında günümüz dijital tasarım ve üretim teknolojilerinin gelişmesine paralel olarak eğitim modellerinin v...

This paper investigates contributions of customized and simplified generative design tools on the development of novice architects‟ abilities of accelerating their interactions with digital tools and adapting new digital design processes with them. For this purpose, a plugin, called as EduDesign and including various form generations and instructio...

The paper presents a structural optimisation model that proposes alternative methods using generative approaches. Current methods of optimization are defined by three operations, such as modularity, repetition and differentiation. As an appropriate example of these methods, voronoi structure is explored for its potentials for optimization, form fin...

Evolution of/in artificial systems has been discussed in many fields such as computer science, architecture, natural and social sciences over the last fifty years. Evolutionary computation which takes its roots in computation and biology has a potential to enrich ways of thinking in architecture. This paper focuses mainly on the methodology of how...

With the recent developments in communication and information technologies using Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) in design activity has experienced a significant increase. In this paper, a collaborative learning activity between the University of Sydney (USYD), and the Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Global Teamwork, is presented. Th...

A skyline is a unique fingerprint of a city. The mentalities, diversity, and cultures in a city can often be perceived from its skyline. Istanbul's iconic skyline forms an essential part of the character and appearance of this mega city, so much so that Istanbul's historical silhouette is instantly recognizable; it is a unique asset that is importa...

Model making plays a crucial part in the early stages of architectural design. It captures spatial percepts and allows for three dimensional thinking and evaluation, hence establishing a direct connection between the body and the object. In the context of architectural design, model making enables exploration of the formal and the spatial qualities...

In this paper, a method based on fractal dimensions is used for defining different local architectural characteristics. This method applied to two different settlements, which are in the western and eastern regions of Turkey. In this places the characteristics of traditional architectural language, which are formed by sociological, cultural and env...

Digital design technologies play a significant role in assisting the designer through conceptual architectural design. Computer supported design systems can generate various images at the early design phase and can contribute to seeking alternative architectural forms. Currently, different design approaches are being employed in the formation of ar...

The aim of this research is to present the features of geometric patterns in Islam, to use rules-sets for two and three dimensional form generation and to indicate the potential of mathematics of symmetry and geometry. The study focused on parametrically defined shape grammars of Islamic patterns to generate three dimensional forms in CAAD. The inf...

The goal of this paper is to analyse the movement models in 3D multi-user virtual environments in terms of the interaction between users and the degree their analogy to real world movement models. The procedure followed is the examination of movement models occurring in real space and virtual simulation of Topkapı Museum Treasury Section with space...

This study aims to analyze relationships of users and spatial configurations using agent-based simulation systems under certain circumstances in a virtual environment with agents that represent users of a shopping mall. Multi-agent simulation methods are used to study emergent behavior patterns. A computer model is generated to simulate user moveme...