Guillaume Fontaine

McGill University | McGill

Healthcare professional (HCP) behaviours are actions performed by individuals and teams for varying and often complex patient needs. However, gaps exist between evidence-informed care behaviours and the care provided. Implementation science seeks to develop generalizable principles and approaches to investigate and address care gaps, supporting HCP...

Background Promoting the uptake of vaccination for infectious diseases such as COVID-19 remains a global challenge, necessitating collaborative efforts between public health units (PHUs) and communities. Applied behavioural science can play a crucial role in supporting PHUs’ response by providing insights into human behaviour and informing tailored...

Background Patient-reported outcome and experience measures (PROMs and PREMs, respectively) are evidence-based, standardized questionnaires that can be used to capture patients’ perspectives of their health and health care. While substantial investments have been made in the implementation of PROMs and PREMs, their use remains fragmented and limite...

Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health burden, particularly among people who inject drugs. Rapid point-of-care HCV testing has emerged as a promising approach to improve HCV detection and linkage to care in harm reduction organizations such as needle and syringe programs. The objective of this study was to use a...

Background Implementation strategies targeting individual healthcare professionals and teams, such as audit and feedback, educational meetings, opinion leaders, and reminders, have demonstrated potential in promoting evidence-based nursing practice. This systematic review examined the effects of the 19 Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization C...

Statement Tabletop simulations (TTS) are a novel educational modality used in health care education. The objective of this scoping review was to describe the use of TTS in medical emergencies, specifically settings, specialties, participants, formats, and outcomes. We included 70 studies (33 descriptive studies [47%], 33 cohort studies [47%], and 2...

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health burden, particularly among people who inject drugs. Rapid point-of-care HCV testing has emerged as a promising approach to improve HCV detection and linkage to care in harm reduction organizations such as needle and syringe programs. The objective of this study was to use...

Background The high prevalence of cannabis use among young adults poses substantial global health concerns due to the associated acute and long-term health and psychosocial risks. Digital modalities, including websites, digital platforms, and mobile apps, have emerged as promising tools to enhance the accessibility and availability of evidence-base...

Background Cardiometabolic conditions including acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) require comprehensive care and patient engagement in self-care behaviors, and the drivers of those behaviors at the individual and health system level are still poorly understood. Objective We aim to gain insights into self-care behaviors of ind...

Background Promoting the uptake of vaccination for infectious diseases such as COVID-19 remains a global challenge, necessitating collaborative efforts between public health units (PHUs) and communities. Applied behavioural science can play a crucial role in supporting PHUs’ response by providing insights into human behaviour and informing tailored...

BACKGROUND High prevalence of cannabis use among young adults pose substantial global health concerns due to the associated acute and long-term health and psychosocial risks. Digital modalities, including websites, digital platforms, and mobile applications, have emerged as promising tools to enhance accessibility and availability of evidence-based...

Background Despite the increasingly popular role of script concordance test (SCT) scoring methods in the evaluation of clinical reasoning, studies examining these methods in nursing are relatively scarce. This study explored the psychometric properties of five SCT scoring methods. Method An SCT was administered to 12 experts and 43 learners. Score...

Background Opioids are often prescribed for acute pain to emergency department (ED) discharged patients, but there is a paucity of data on their short-term use. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the evidence regarding the efficacy of prescribed opioids compared to non-opioid analgesics for acute pain relief in ED-discharged patients. Met...

Background: Ensuring widespread COVID-19 vaccine uptake is a public health priority in Canada and globally, particularly within communities that exhibit lower uptake rates and are at a higher risk of infection. Public health units (PHUs) have leveraged many resources to promote the uptake of recommended COVID-19 vaccine doses. Understanding barrier...

Pour une majorité de personnes âgées, le département d’urgence représente la principale porte d’entrée pour des soins de santé. Lorsqu’elles arrivent à l’urgence, dix pour cent des personnes âgées présentent déjà un délirium. De plus, près de 30 % des personnes âgées développent un délirium durant leur séjour à l’urgence. Cela fait donc du départem...

Les infirmières d’urgence sont confrontées sur une base régulière à des personnes vivant avec une insuffisance cardiaque décompensée. Toutefois, l’évaluation clinique de l’insuffisance cardiaque présente plusieurs défis puisqu’elle peut être associée à différentes causes et à un large éventail de mécanismes physiopathologiques. Cet article fait éta...

Background: Access to hepatitis C care within harm reduction community organizations for people who inject drugs is crucial for achieving hepatitis C elimination. However, there is a lack of data on how perceptions of hepatitis C and treatment have changed among individuals visiting these organizations during the era of direct-acting antivirals (D...

Ultrasound guidance can increase peripheral vein cannulation success by nurses in the Emergency Department (ED). Unfortunately, ED nurses are not routinely trained to use ultrasonography for peripheral vein cannulation and may not have access to the required equipment.

Background: With the advent of direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapies for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV), the World Health Organization recommended a goal to eliminate HCV as a public health threat globally by 2030. With the majority of new and existing infections in high income countries occurring among people who inject drugs, achievi...

Aim: The purpose of this realist review was to assess what works, for whom and in what context, regarding strategies that influence nurses' behaviour to improve triage quality in emergency departments (ED). Design: Realist review protocol. Methods: This protocol follows the PRISMA-P statement and will include any type of study on strategies to...

Background: Knowledge syntheses, such as systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and realist reviews, are crucial tools to guide nursing practice, policy, and research. However, conducting high-quality knowledge syntheses is a complex and time-consuming endeavor. It is imperative for nursing students, clinicians, and researchers to be aware of key pr...

Several challenges have been identified for patients with concurrent disorders to access adequate services and for nurses to care for them. These challenges contribute to a pressing need for continuing educational interventions, particularly within the mental health nursing workforce. To address this issue, an innovative interprofessional videoconf...

BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic conditions including acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) require comprehensive care and patient engagement in self-care behaviors, and the drivers of those behaviors at the individual and health system level are still poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We aim to gain insights into self-care behaviors of ind...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects approximately 204,000 Canadians. Safe and effective direct-acting antiviral therapies have contributed to decreased rates of chronic HCV infection and increased treatment uptake in Canada, but major challenges for HCV elimination remain. The 11th Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus took place in Ottawa, Ontario o...

Background: Implementation strategies can facilitate the adoption of evidence-based practices and policies. A wide range of theoretical approaches—theories, models, and frameworks—can be used to inform implementation strategy design in different ways (e.g., guiding barrier and enabler assessment to implementing evidence-based interventions). While...

Background Diffuse implementation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is dependent on universal screening for HCV, but screening strategies are heterogenous across prisons in the province of Quebec (Canada). We sought to identify barriers and enablers to universal opt-out HCV screening and to describe the multisectoral decision-making processes re...

Background Clinical simulations are complex educational interventions characterized by several design features, which have the potential to influence cognitive load, that is, the mental effort required to assimilate new information and learn. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the associations between simulation design features and c...

Brief counseling, when provided by adequately trained nurses, can motivate and support patient health behavior change. However, numerous barriers can impede nurses' capability and motivation to provide brief counseling. Theory-based interventions, as well as information and communication technologies, can support evidence-based practice by addressi...

Background: The Protective Behavioural Strategies for Marijuana (PBSM-17) scale serves to identify and measure strategies employed by young adults before, during or after cannabis use. After the adaptation and translation of the PBSM-17 into French, a methodological study was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of this French version...

Background: Although families are increasingly seen as allies to improve delirium management and reduce its consequences, their involvement in the postcardiac surgery setting is challenging considering patients' critical state and short hospital stay. To our knowledge, no theory-based nursing intervention exists that optimally supports the involve...

Background Despite the goal set by WHO to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health threat, uptake of HCV testing and treatment remains low. To achieve this target, evidence-based interventions are needed to address the barriers to care for people with, or at risk of, HCV infection. We aimed to assess the efficacy of interventions to imp...

Background The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Model of continuing tele-education is an innovative guided-practice model aiming at amplifying healthcare professionals’ competencies in the management of chronic and complex health conditions. While data on the impact of the ECHO model is increasingly available in the literature, wh...

Purpose: Simulation is often depicted as an effective tool for clinical decision-making education. Yet, there is a paucity of data regarding transfer of learning related to clinical decision-making following simulation-based education. The authors conducted a scoping review to map the literature regarding transfer of clinical decision-making learn...

Objective. Despite a rise in the use of digital education in health professional education (HPE), little is known about the comparative effectiveness of paper-based reading and its digital alternative on reading comprehension. The objectives of this study were to identify, appraise, and synthesize the evidence regarding the effect of how media is r...

Background: On the basis of ethical and methodological arguments, numerous calls have been made to increase the involvement of end users in the development of serious games (SGs). Involving end users in the development process is considered a way to give them power and control over educational software that is designed for them. It can also help id...

Background Unhealthy behaviors are significant contributors to non-communicable diseases. Nurses can help patients change unhealthy behaviors by providing brief behavior change counseling. However, training programs in brief counseling are generally not personalized, or adapted, to the barriers and theoretical determinants of its provision in clini...

Objectif Les jeunes de 18 à 24 ans constituent la plus grande proportion de consommateurs de cannabis. Dans un contexte de légalisation de cette substance, il importe de promouvoir une consommation à moindre risque. L’échelle Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Scale (PBSM-17) permet d’identifier les stratégies de protection comportement...

Introduction: Healthcare organizations around the world have embraced simulation to prepare healthcare professionals to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this pandemic implies additional educational challenges in rapidly designing simulation activities, while remaining compliant with health and safety measures to prevent the spread of the virus. The...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt and conduct initial psychometric validation of the French version of the Nurses’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Pain Assessment in neonatal intensive care Questionnaire (NAPPAQ) developed by Polkki in 2010. Background Assessing nurses’ perceptions, attitudes and knowledge about pain managemen...

Objective: The objective of this review is to assess the effect of simulation activities and their design features on cognitive load in health care professionals and students. Introduction: Simulation activities are now widely implemented in health care professionals' education. However, the mechanisms by which simulations and their design featu...

Background The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Model of continuing tele-education is an innovative guided-practice model aiming at amplifying healthcare professionals’ competencies in the management of chronic and complex health conditions. While data on the effectiveness of the ECHO Model is increasingly available in the literat...

BACKGROUND Based on ethical and methodological arguments, numerous calls have been made to increase end-user involvement in serious game (SG) development. Involving end-users is seen as a way to give them power and control over an educational software designed for them. It can also help identify areas for improvement in SG design and improve its ef...

Introduction Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (Project ECHO©) is an innovative model for continuing professional development that uses videoconferencing technology to support and train general practitioners remotely. The model has been replicated to a variety of settings and locations for capacity building in healthcare professionals car...

Background: Subsyndromal delirium (SSD), a subthreshold form of delirium, is related to longer length of stay and increased mortality rates among older adults. Risk factors and outcomes of SSD in cardiac surgery patients are not fully understood. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess and describe the characteristics and outcomes related...

Dans le numéro de mai 2020 de la revue Soins d’urgence , Lapierre et al. ont présenté l’état des connaissances sur la pandémie de la maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19). Depuis la publication de cet article, les connaissances sur le virus SRAS-COV-2 et la COVID-19 ne cessent d’évoluer. Dans cet esprit, le présent article constitue une brève mise à jou...

Statement: Serious games (SGs) are interactive and entertaining software designed primarily with an educational purpose. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from experimental studies regarding the efficacy of SGs for supporting engagement and improving learning outcomes in healthcare professions education. Randomized controlled trials (RCT...

Background: Brief counseling can motivate patients to initiate health behavior change. However, increasing the provision of brief counseling by nurses is difficult due to contextual and practitioner-level factors impeding nurses' motivation and intentions to provide brief counseling (eg, unfavorable attitude toward brief counseling, lack of perceiv...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of digital-based reading versus paper-based reading on reading comprehension among students, trainees, and residents participating in health professional education. Introduction: Several reviews have examined the effects of reading media on reading comprehension; however, none have considered health professional...

Effectiveness in health services research requires development of specific knowledge and skills for working in partnership with health system decision-makers. In an initial effort to frame capacity-building activities for researchers, we designed a workshop on working collaboratively within the health system. The workshop, based on recent research...

Virtual simulations and serious games are e-learning interventions with the potential to enhance nurses' clinical reasoning. However, distinctions in the design principles of each intervention remain ambiguous. Clarifications are needed to distinguish both interventions and ease the articulation between their design principles and the development o...

Au fil des siècles, l’humanité a fait face à plusieurs pandémies. La pandémie de maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19), avec 4 132 365 cas confirmés et 283 387 décès à travers le monde en date du 11 mai 2020, est d’une ampleur sans précé- dent depuis les 100 dernières années en termes d’impacts sur l’activité humaine. Cet article clinique aborde (presqu...

Le personnel infirmier d’urgence, de concert avec l’ensemble des acteurs du réseau de la santé au Québec, joue un rôle de premier plan face à la pandémie de maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19). Afin de mieux connaître leurs expériences face à cette situation exceptionnelle, cet article met en lumière les témoignages de plusieurs infirmières et infirmi...

Contexte : L’apprentissage numérique chez les professionnels de la santé amène des défis comme le manque d’engagement et l’excès de charge cognitive. Toutefois, il n’existe pas de mesures d’engagement et de charge cognitive validées en français. De telles mesures permettraient de considérer ces variables dans le développement de formations numériqu...

Background: Although helping people living with HIV manage their antiretroviral therapy is a core competency of HIV nursing care, no educational intervention has sought to strengthen this competency. Thus, we codeveloped a simulation of a virtual patient (VP) having difficulty adhering to treatment to foster the relational skills that nurses requi...

Background: Nurses begin forming judgments regarding patients' clinical stability during change-of-shift handoffs. Objectives: To examine the agreement between incoming and outgoing nurses' judgments of deterioration risk following handoff and compare these judgments to commonly used early warning scores (MEWS, NEWS, ViEWS). Methods: Following...

Background: Practitioner-level implementation interventions such as audit and feedback, communities of practice, and local opinion leaders have shown potential to change nurses' behaviour in clinical practice and improve patients' health. However, their effectiveness remains unclear. Moreover, we have a paucity of data regarding the use of theory...

Background In reaction to weaknesses in feasibility studies reporting, the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement published an extension for feasibility studies in 2016. Aim The aim of this study was to systematically review and appraise the reporting of feasibility studies in the nursing intervention research literature ba...

Gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and peripartum cardiomyopathy are among the most common and often severe pregnancy-specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and causes of complications in pregnancy. This clinical review provides nurses with an overview of pregnancy-specific CVDs, outlines their pathophysiology, and discusses risk factors and...

E-learning environments expand opportunities for the use of educational strategies that may contribute to the development of clinical reasoning in nursing students. The purposes of this scoping review were the following: 1) to map the principles of cognitive companionship and the theoretical foundations underlying the design and implementation of e...

Background: The public’s understanding of science can be influential in a wide range of areas related to public health, including policy making and self-care. Through the digital and social media ecosystem, health scientists play a growing role in public science communication (SC). Objective: This review aimed to (1) synthesize the literature on SC...

Objective: Although adaptive e-learning environments (AEEs) can provide personalised instruction to health professionals and students, their efficacy remains unclear. Therefore, this review aimed to identify, appraise and synthesise the evidence regarding the efficacy of AEEs in improving knowledge, skills and clinical behaviour in health professio...

Aim: Evaluate a web-based tailored nursing intervention, TAVIE en m@rche, on increasing daily steps after an acute coronary syndrome. Design: Parallel two-group multicentRE randomized trial. Methods: An experimental group receiving TAVIE en m@rche, was compared with a control group receiving hyperlinks to public websites. Acute coronary syndro...

Objectives: (1) To systematically review the literature on behavior change counseling (BCC) training programs targeting nurses and nursing students; (2) to characterize these training programs according to their content (i.e., targeted health behavior[s], BCC approaches taught, BCC techniques taught), structure, and modes of delivery. Design: A sys...

Background/Aims Sexual concerns are frequently reported in people diagnosed with coronary artery disease. These concerns may be related to disorders in one or more phases of the sexual response cycle (i.e. desire, arousal and orgasm). Sexual concerns have been linked to anxiety, depressive symptoms and feelings of despair. As such, nurses should ha...

BACKGROUND The public’s understanding of health science can be influential in a wide range of areas related to public health, including policy-making and self-care. Through the digital and social media ecosystem, health scientists play a growing role in health science communication (HSC) to the public. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to: 1) synthesize...

The Caring Nurse-Patient Interactions (CNPI-70) scale was developed by Cossette, Cara, Ricard, and Pepin (2005) from the theory of human caring proposed by Watson (1979, 1988). This book chapter describes the two versions of the CNPI (CNPI-70, CNPI-23), specify how they may be used and reviews literature published up to April 2018 citing the CNPI s...

Background: Unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and sedentarity, increase cardiometabolic risk and lead to chronic diseases. Behavior change counselling (BCC) aims to address the motivation and confidence of individuals in changing unhealthy behaviors. As BCC has clinically significant effects, nurses are expected to provide BCC in everyday practi...

Purpose: To assess sex- and gender-related factors associated with cardiac rehabilitation (CR) enrollment following acute coronary syndrome among systematically referred patients. Methods: This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial used an exploratory approach to examine the TRANSITion process for patients between the coronary care...

Background: Adaptive e-learning environments (AEEs) can provide tailored instruction by adapting content, navigation, presentation, multimedia, and learning strategies to each user's actions, preferences, knowledge, and competence. AEEs can have various levels of complexity, ranging from simple adaptive functionality (e.g. showing/hiding feedback)...

Objective: To assess a novel hypothesis to explain delirium after cardiac surgery through the relationship between cumulative fluid balance and delirium. This hypothesis involved an inflammatory process combined with a hypervolemic state, which could lead to venous congestion reaching the brain. Design: Retrospective case-control (1:1) cohort st...