Guillaume Drillet

• PhD (Life sciences), MSc
• Manager at SGS

Same Risk Area refers to an area-based approach for the risk assessment of aquatic invasive species that considers the extent of natural dispersal. It is a new addition to the Guidelines on Risk Assessment (G7) under the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments. The method outlined here to define...

ABOUT THE ROUNDTABLE: • Three rounds of discussions with participants from 21 organizations between July and September 2020. • World Aquaculture Society (Chair), IMarEST (co-Chair), Adisseo, Assentoft, Biodiversity Connections, CEFAS, Chelsea Technologies, DHI (Singapore), FAO, Singapore laboratory Professional, National University of Singapore,...

Increasing global population has resulted in increased urbanization of coastal areas across the globe. Such an increase generates many challenges for sustainable food production and food security. The development of aquaculture has proven to be an extremely good option to ensure food security (uninterrupted supply and good quality of food) by many...

The number of ships installing ballast water management systems (BWMS) has risen steeply since the Ballast Water Management Convention entered into force. Since June 2022, biological testing is required during commissioning to verify compliance with the Convention. Data from 676 tests (from 2019 to 2022) show substantial improvement over time: the...

To verify ships' compliance with ballast water regulations, samples may be collected and tested for viable organisms. This task is completed using a sample probe, which is placed in the ballast discharge pipe through a sample port (a flanged opening). To collect representative samples, the placement of the sample port and the size of the sample pro...

The cultivation of planktonic crustaceans as live feed is of paramount importance for the aquaculture and aquarium industries. The use of live cladocerans as feed for freshwater fish is limited to the aquarium industry, whereas Artemia and copepods are used to feed edible marine fish larvae with small mouth gape. Live feed production is expensive a...

The International Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention entered into force in September 2017. In the convention, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) required two options: ballast water exchange (BWE) standard D-1, and ballast water performance standard D-2 which required ballast water treatment systems (BWTSs). We explored the impact...

To challenge ballast water treatment system (BWTS) efficacy for organisms in the size-class 10-50 μm, intake concentration during tests must reach certain minimum requirements. Often, natural concentrations are too low to meet intake requirements and standard test organisms (STOs) are added. We tested the robustness of Tetraselmis suecica and Odont...

Shipping plays a crucial role in supporting global trade, including the transport of products from the aquaculture industry. However, ships may also unintentionally transport invasive species and pathogens in their ballast water which pose biosecurity risks for aquaculture. The Ballast Water Management Convention was developed to manage the biosecu...

This study investigates the extra UV fluence needed to meet the International Maritime Organisation's ballast water discharge standards for the 10-50 μm size-class using the approved vital stain (VS) method compared to the Most Probable Number (MPN) method for organism viability assessment. Low-and medium pressure UV collimated beam treatments were...

Suspended sediments are a common occurrence in the marine environment. They can be generated by natural causes, including waves and currents, or brought about by anthropogenic activities such as reclamation and dredging. High sediment concentrations are known to have negative consequences on copepods; however, the impact of sediment size has largel...

Resting strategies of planktonic organisms are important for the ecological processes of coastal waters and their impacts should be taken into consideration in management of water bodies used by multiple industries. We combined different approaches to evaluate the importance of resting stages in Singapore coastal waters. We used molecular approache...

Increased collaboration and communication is needed between the planktologists engaged in marine ecological research and those working with industrial applications. Lessening the dichotomy between "basic" and "applied" sciences will lead to increase scientific advances in both fields. Thanks to dedicated research efforts, industrial production of r...

Dry macroalgae flakes are low cost feed alternatives but live phytoplankton, enhanced by probiotics, substantially increased density per biomass

The motivation for this study was to analyse the productivity of Taiwanese aquaculture ponds while providing recommendations for a more effective copepod harvesting. Hence, variations in copepod species composition, biomass and productivity were investigated during four separate 3 weeks of intensive sampling campaigns across an annual season. The p...

Changes in free amino acids (FAA) were investigated in the potentially important live feed and neritic copepod species Acartia tonsa during naupliar development. Total content of FAA in A. tonsa nauplii was around 17% of dry weight at first development stage, and declined to 6% for later stages. Relative to body-volume and biomass, the FAA content...

Using copepod nauplii as live feed in aquaculture hatcheries could solve high mortality rates of first-feeding fish larvae due to malnutrition. However, implementing the use of copepod nauplii on an intensive production scale requires a stable production at preferably high densities, which is problematic for calanoid copepod species like Acartia to...

http://ftp.elabor8.co.uk/waves/pdf/waves52web.pdf

Aquaculture is the world’s fastest-growing food-production sector and a crucial contributor to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. As a group of scientists, ocean-policy experts, aquaculture professionals and technical consultants from international organizations, we argue that, despite recent legislation, fish farms may still be at...

The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (The Ballast Water Management Convention or BWMC) (IMO, 2004) and its associated guidelines aim to reduce the impact of potentially harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens by preventing their spread from one region to another, by establishing standards...

It is well established in Denmark to rear calanoid copepods in outdoor tanks for use as live feed during turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larval production. However, the copepod assemblages, composed of a mixture of all development stages and therefore body sizes, vary over time and do not always match the larval needs. When turbot larvae reach metamo...

We studied the plankton dynamics of two semi-enclosed marine coastal inlets of the north of Jurong Island separated by a causeway (SW Singapore; May 2012–April 2013). The west side of the causeway (west station) has residence times of ca. one year and is markedly eutrophic. The east side (east station) has residence times of one month and presents...

We analyzed the concentrations of trace metals/metalloids (TMs) in the water, sediment and plankton of two semi-enclosed marine coastal inlets located north of Jurong Island and separated by a causeway (SW Singapore; May 2012-April 2013). The west side of the causeway (west station) has residence times of approximately one year, and the east side o...

With the efforts made at IMO in recent years with the preparation of the Port State Control (PSC) guidelines, the revision of the G8, the resolution A1088; many countries have recently ratified the Ballast Water Management Convention (BWMC) and therefore an entry into force is considered imminent. For PSC officers, the PSC guidelines offers a 4 ste...

Singapore lies in a biodiversity hotspot and is considered very rich in species due to its geographic position and climate. To understand Singapore’s aquatic ecosystems, it is essential to first determine the composition of planktonic assemblages and assess their functional diversity. Phytoplankton organisms are at the base of the aquatic food web...

During the last three decades, it has been shown that copepods are a superior live feed for marine finfish larvae compared to other commonly used live feed items, such as Artemia and rotifers. The use of copepods, which have a better biochemical composition, increases survival rate, improves growth condition, reduces mal-pigmentation and allows bre...

The island of Singapore is located between 1°09'N–1°29'N and 103°38'E–104°06'E at the confluence of the Malacca Straits and the South China Sea. To date, both the marine and freshwater zooplanktons of this area are poorly studied, and availability of taxonomic identification is scarce. Moreover, most of the studies were published between the 1950s...

Gaps between the objectives of the ballast water convention and the type approval testing exist and may become a source of non-compliance when the Convention enters into force. For example, Type Approval testing requires that tanks are cleaned between each test cycles but in real world operations, accumulations of organisms across ballasting and de...

Copyright: © 2014 Drillet G, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Cannibalism in copepod culture may limit its production yield and therefore affect the economic interests associated with the use of copepods as live feed in aquaculture. The effects of adult density, egg density, and algal availability were tested on the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa to understand how these parameters affect cannibalism rates on...

Resting eggs are important phases in the life strategy of many coastal and estuarine copepods. The egg mortality in the sediment layers where they are buried, as well as re-suspension from the sediment into the water column where eggs may hatch are factors that affect the success of this life strategy. Considering that fishing effort in some coasta...

Population density changes the intensity of mate choice in numerous animal taxa. We used video recordings to test whether such changes can also be observed in the copepod Acartia tonsa during short-term exposures to densities (16–640 ind L−1) for which their egg production is known to be affected. The ratio of observed mating attempts to theoretica...

Understanding the factors limiting copepod productivity in dense cultures is a prerequisite for the partial or entire replacement of Artemia and rotifers as live feed for finfish larvae. In dense cultures, high encounter rates between individuals may increase stress, cannibalism incidents and potentially trigger resting egg production.We conducted...

Copepods are the optimal live feed for hatcheries and improvement of cultivation techniques, to provide a constant food source, is crucial for the expansion of the industry. However, studies based on experimental work and real observations can be labour intensive and expensive. A simple model was developed based on the well-known life history trait...

Professor Benni Winding Hansen and co-workers describe work with copepods as live feed for fish larvae. The research effort focuses on a unique egg storage technique, biochemical quality of copepod eggs and the hatched live feed nauplii larvae on a boreal copepod species as well as perspectives on a tropical copepod species currently being investig...

In order to limit the risk associated with invasion of habitats by exogenous species, the International Convention for the Control and Management of the Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments was adopted in February 2004 and may soon enter into force. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has produced guidelines to assess the efficacy and relia...

Life history strategies can be adaptations to existence in e.g. unstable environments. Under stressful environmental conditions mobile species tend to migrate to more suitable places, but migration in time by dormancy is another durable strategy. More than 50 species of calanoid copepods can produce diapause eggs requiring a long refractory phase....

Ciliates in live feed cultures can be a pest that lower production yields. This could dramatically affect the management and success of copepod cultures. In this study, we investigated the effect of the ciliate Euplotes sp. on egg production, specific egg production and egg hatching success of Acartia tonsa fed with Rhodomonas salina. We found that...

Many fish larvae require live feed to be successfully raised through their early life. The necessity to use live feed is regulated by many aspects during fish larvae ontogeny, but is mainly attributed to the need for a behavioral stimulus to attack particles and for a developed gut to digest them. In this review, we first provide a background on th...

Understanding the factors limiting copepod productivity in dense cultures is a prerequisite for the partial or entire replacement of Artemia and roti-fers as live feed for finfish larvae. In dense cultures, high encounter rates between individuals may increase stress, cannibalism incidents and potentially trigger resting egg production. We conducte...

Subitaneous eggs from an euryhaline calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa were challenged by changes in salinity within the range from full strength salinity, down to zero and up to >70 psu. Egg volume changed immediately, increasing from 2.8 × 10(5) μm(3) at full strength salinity (35 psu) to 3.8 × 10(5) μm(3) at 0 psu and back to its initial volume when...

A land based test facility for approval testing of ballast water treatment systems has been developed in Singapore and started operation in early 2011. The current paper describes the early experiences in developing the facility and its services focusing of the differentiation from other test facilities which are all operating in temperate climate....

Three populations of the copepod Acartia tonsa, two from the Baltic Sea and one from the U.S. East Coast, were compared for resting egg production at conditions of saturating and limiting food availability. All three populations produced eggs that hatched within 72 h when incubated at 17°C (subitaneous eggs), but the two Baltic populations in addit...

We have tested a microbial preparation with probiotic effects (PSI; Sorbial A/S DANISCO) on the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa (Dana) development time and reproduction effectiveness in culture. The hypotheses were that PSI increases the productivity and quality of copepods in culture (increased egg production and hatching success, HS). This was car...

Copepods are important crustaceans studied because of their key role in ecology, trophic biology, fisheries management, in modeling the flow of energy and matter, ecotoxicology, aquaculture and aquarium trade. This paper discusses various aspects of the state of knowledge of copepod culture at large scales and provides the scientific community with...

Close to 50 species of marine Calanoid copepods have been reported to produce diapause eggs (Engel and Hirche in J Plankton Res 26:1083–1093, 2004); eggs that are viable but require a refractory phase before they hatch, sometimes after months. Diapause eggs are often described as morphologically different with respect to egg membrane ultrastructure...

This report investigates female sizes, egg sizes and egg hatching rates in relation to temperature for the near-shore calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa cultured at 6, 9, 14 and 24°C for several generations to achieve acclimatization. Inverse size relationships of eggs and females were revealed with increasing temperature. Eggs produced at 6°C were 85...

Successful development of planktonic copepods for use as live feed in marine aquaculture relies on optimization of environmental conditions for population growth and egg storage. This study examined strain-specific differences in egg survivorship during cold-storage-induced quiescence in four cultures of the widespread marine calanoid Acartia tonsa...

The need of copepods as live feed is increasing in aquaculture because of the limitations of traditionally used preys, and this increases the demand for an easy and sustainable large-scale production of copepods. In this study, 4 strains of the copepod Acartia tonsa Dana, 1849 were compared in a common garden experiment to identify a strain with li...

For most fish species raised in marine aquaculture, the use of live feeds cannot be replaced by formulated diets. Artemia nauplii and rotifers are still the most commonly used live feeds. A good alternative lies in the use of copepods which could lead to the cultivation of new fish species. Cold stored subitaneous eggs from the continuously culture...

Developing methods to store copepod eggs is necessary to increase the availability of copepods as a live food for the aquaculture industry and aquarium trade, and also to allow the exchange of copepods between researchers. The present study, evaluated the effect of glucose and two antibiotics (kanamycin sulphate and oxytetracycline HCl) on extendin...

Populations of Acartia tonsa (Dana) and Centropages hamatus (Lilljeborg) were monitored in outdoor enclosures imitating the natural estuarine environment in northern Denmark from August 2003 to February 2004. A. tonsa was predominant in summer while C. hamatus dominated from October and onwards. Mean egg production was normally higher in C. hamatus...

Th e us e o f liv e pre y i s stil l necessar y fo r a larg e numbe r o f raise d fi s h species . Smal l size d rotifer s ar e usuall y use d a s liv e prey s durin g th e ¢rs t day s o f feedin g i n smal l mout h fi sh . A n alternativ e t o thi s i s th e us e o f copepod s a s pre y fo r ¢rs t feeding . I n thi s study , th e sizes , weigh t a...

The presence of an easy accessible source of live food for marine fish larvae in Europe will reduce the dependency of supplies of Artemia. Copepod nauplii are smaller of size and have a higher nutritional value compared to Artemia. Therefore, several salt-water fish species that cannot be reared on Artemia, might be successful aquaculture species,...

Copepods have proven to be an ideal source of live food for the production of marine fish larvae in aquaculture. Therefore, there is a need to develop new methods for production and storage of copepod eggs that can be hatched and used at fish farms. In the present study quiescent eggs of Acartia tonsa were stored for periods up to 35 weeks at diffe...