Guglielmo Cinque

Guglielmo Cinque
Università Ca' Foscari Venezia | UNIVE · Department of Linguistics and Comparative Cultural Studies

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Publications

Publications (61)
Article
If cross-linguistic word order variation is a function of the movement of the head of each (sub)projection of an extended projection (in one of the possible ways movement can take place: with or without pied piping) there will be novel evidence for the correct constituencies of the clause and its major phrases. Here I will try to illustrate this by...
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The paper discusses issues in the grammar of Case marking in the DP by focusing on two interrelated puzzles in the syntax of Bulgarian nominalizations. The first puzzle concerns the ban on strong pronouns to act as DP-internal subjects. We argue that this is due to a morphological Case conflict, and we also discuss some historical considerations be...
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In this paper, we investigate a syntactic gap in the structure of the Balkan languages, the absence of Clitic Climbing, which we argue to be a consequence of a well-known Balkanism, namely the loss of the infinitive. For this purpose, we propose a division of the finite constructions that have replaced the infinitive in three categories: Restructur...
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In this article I would like to revisit one aspect of the structure of the functional sequence of the clause in light of certain recent developments, in particular Kayne’s (2016) proposal that all heads are necessarily silent. I will also discuss the possibility that (certain) silent heads may be endowed with single features that denote complex not...
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The distinction between lexical and functional elements plays a major role in current research in syntax and neighboring aspects of the study of language. In this article, we review the motivations of a progressive shift of emphasis from lexical to functional elements in syntactic research: the identification of the functional lexicon as the locus...
Chapter
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Italy constitutes a fertile terrain for research into language change, both because of the richness of the dialectal variation and because of the length of the period of textual attestation. Such diversity has long been the staple of research in general and Romance historical phonology, morphology, and lexis, but much less attention has been devote...
Article
In this book, Cinque takes a generative perspective on typological questions relating to word order and to the syntax of relative clauses. In particular, Cinque looks at: the position of the Head vis à vis the relative clause in relation to the position of the verb vis à vis his object; a general cross-linguistic analysis of correlatives; the need...
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The need to distinguish two syntactic sources for adnominal adjectives (a direct modification and a relative clause one), with the associated interpretive properties, turns out to have certain implications for the semantic classification of adjectives. We will see that it provides evidence for the existence of a class of truly privative adjectives,...
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We consider here two potential arguments for Universal Grammar other than that based on poverty of the stimulus. One stems from the limited number of notions that are grammatically encoded in the languages of the world. The other rests on the fact that of all mathematically possible orders of constituents only a subset is actually attested. Neither...
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Syntactic structures are complex objects, whose subtle properties have been highlighted and elucidated by half a century of formal syntactic studies, building on a much older tradition. Their cartography is an attempt to draw maps as precise and detailed as possible of syntactic configurations. Broadly constructed in this way, it is not an approach...
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A new analysis of adjectives, supported by comparative evidence. In The Syntax of Adjectives, Guglielmo Cinque offers cross-linguistic evidence that adjectives have two sources. Arguing against the standard view, and reconsidering his own earlier analysis, Cinque proposes that adjectives enter the nominal phase either as “adverbial” modifiers to th...
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The article discusses a pervasive left-right asymmetry found in the order of modifiers and functional heads associated with distinct lexical heads. In each case, it is shown that one and the same pattern is involved. The account proposed for such an asymmetry is based on a unique underlying structure for each head and the modifiers and functional h...
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This paper discusses clitic reduplication constructions in Bulgarian. In contrast to traditional analyses, it distinguishes clitic doubling proper, which is restricted to clauses with psych and physical perception predicates, from other constructions that involve reduplication of an argument by a clitic, notably, left and right dislocation, focus m...
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Let me say right away that I do not consider ("formal") linguistic theory and linguistic typology as two separate approaches. The in-depth, abstract analysis of a certain phenomenon (say, how a restrictive relative clause is built) and the study of what variation there is concerning that phenomenon (how many ways of forming restrictive relative cla...
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Verbal suffixes that encode grammatical notions of mood, modality, tense, aspect, and voice have been found to obey a relative order that is largely consistent across languages (Bybee 1985).¹ This order appears to reflect, in a mirror fashion, that of the corresponding free morphemes (auxiliaries and particles), in VO languages, suggesting the exis...
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In what follows I would like to show how the articulated functional structure of the clause suggested in Cinque (1999) may shed new light on the “restructuring” phenomenon (Rizzi 1976a, b, 1978) and perhaps afford a deeper understanding of it. In the past twenty-five years, numerous analyses have been proposed to explain why certain phenomena that...
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In this chapter, I want to show how the hierarchy of functional projections investigated in Cinque (1999) provides an unforeseen solution to a puzzle of Romance syntax: the selective application of passive to verbs that trigger “restructuring” (or “clause reduction”).’ As Aissen and Perlmutter (1983: 390ft) observed, in “clause reduction” contexts...
Article
This volume collects the recent published articles of Guglielmo Cinque of the University of Venice, one of the world's top linguists. The book is divided into two sections, the first on restructuring, a central topic in Romance syntax and with connections to other language groups as well. The second part focuses on the consequences of treating clau...
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Of the 24 mathematically possible orders of the four elements demonstrative, numeral, adjective, and noun, only 14 appear to be attested in the languages of the world. Some of these are unexpected under Greenberg's Universal 20. Here it is proposed that the actually attested orders, and none of the unattested ones, are derivable from a single, univ...
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That some typological relation exists between the order of the object with respect to the verb and the order of the relative clause (RC) with respect to its Head is known since Greenberg (1963). While VO languages (SVO, VSO and VOS) have postnominal RCs, prenominal RCs are found almost exclusively in OV languages. 1 In other words: (1) a. VO ⊃ NRel...
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A number of recent articles have criticized the analysis of adverbs as specifiers of different, dedicated, functional projections of the clause, proposing, on semantic or other grounds, a return to the traditional adjunction analysis. These arguments are critically examined here, and more evidence is adduced for the functional nature of adverbs.
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The present volume intends to contribute to our understanding of the grammar of spatial prepositional phrases by focusing on one particular aspect of their syntax that has remained relatively neglected: the fine-grained articulation of their internal structure. The analyses presented in the book, in spite of their being based on rather different da...
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Although Modern French was originally taken to lack the restructuring phenomenon altogether, four different restructuring effects have more recently been claimed to exist in the language:en andy climbing, quantifier climbing, adverb climbing, and long movement in ‘easy-to-please constructions. Evidence discussed in this article shows that only en a...
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In what follows I will consider certain aspects of the syntax of prepositional phrases. In particular I will discuss some evidence from my own work and from that of Schweikert (2004) that suggests that PPs, despite appearances, are rigidly ordered among each other, this order being concealed in certain cases by the application of focus sensitive mo...
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If functional affixes and particles are interpreted as the overt realization of distinct functional heads (Baker 1985, Pollock 1989, Ouhalla 1988, 1991a, Chomsky 1995: chap. 2, among others), there is reason to posit the existence of a substantial number of distinct aspectual heads (ordered among each other): Having no cross-linguistic evidence at...
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Among intransitive verbs, a distinction is generally made between those whose subject is generated external to the verb phrase (‘unergative’ verbs) and those whose subject is generated in the structural object position of the verb phrase (‘unaccusative’ or ‘ergative’ verbs). In this essay, I argue that a comparable distinction must be recognized fo...
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The paper brings up new data highlighting the existence of a restricted numeral classifier system in Bulgarian. Starting from one observation of Greenberg’s, we argue that numeral classifiers in Bulgarian behave as a consistent class and share properties with numeral classifiers in standard numeral classifier languages such as Chinese and Thai.

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