Grzegorz Maciejewski

Grzegorz Maciejewski
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Grzegorz verified their affiliation via an institutional email.
  • Associate professor
  • Head of Department at University of Economics in Katowice

Head of the research project: Phygital consumer: the consumer at the intersection of the physical and digital world.

About

121
Publications
105,253
Reads
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445
Citations
Introduction
I hold a Postdoctoral Degree in Economic Sciences. I am a Professor at the University of Economics in Katowice, Head of the Market and Consumption Department. I am a research projects manager at the Centre for Knowledge Research and Transfer in Katowice and the manager and contractor of six grants from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Behavioural economics is the main area of my scientific interests. I am the author of over 130 articles in the area of consumer behaviour, the marketing strategies of enterprises and market and marketing research methodologies. ORCID: 0000-0002-1318-0747
Current institution
University of Economics in Katowice
Current position
  • Head of Department
Additional affiliations
October 2022 - October 2026
Coffee nad Tea Market Research Institute
Position
  • Vice President. Director for Research and Development
March 1996 - present
University of Economics in Katowice
Position
  • Professor, Head of Department

Publications

Publications (121)
Book
Full-text available
Shopping centres have become a symbol of our era, and their development encourages carrying out a study on the perceived value of these facilities by customers. The growing competition, increasing online sales and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic incline both people of science and practitioners to search for answers to questions regarding mainta...
Article
Full-text available
This study examined why consumers who typically pay electronically at points of sale still carry cash and explained the inertia of demand for cash by considering the additional (perceived by consumers) characteristics of cash. The research was motivated by the growing discussion on why cash, despite the increasing importance of e‐payments, remains...
Article
Full-text available
Research background: The relative inertia in holding cash, despite the increasing importance of electronic payments, is one of the most fascinating puzzles of the current monetary system and a significant issue for central bank policy. In our study, we would like to extend the previous considerations regarding holding cash by consumers who have dec...
Book
Full-text available
The COVID-19 pandemic has radically altered the functioning of modern societies and economies, causing a global crisis on an unprecedented scale. This book considers whether the end of the pandemic has marked a new beginning or a return to the prepandemic reality. It identifies diverse changes in consumer and organizational behavior during the pand...
Article
Full-text available
The importance of customer orientation is perceived by many food retailers at a time when the impact of digitalisation is creating a situation of easy availability of food offerings for the customer on the market. Therefore, the paper takes a supply-side analytical approach to highlight the perspectives of managers within the grocery sector. Based...
Article
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Digitalisation brings great opportunities for marketing communication with customers through loyalty programmes, particularly in times of economic crisis. The objective of the article is to present the importance of a Loyalty Programme (LP) in regard to its role in cultivating a retailer-supplier relationship with the aim of creating exceptional va...
Book
Full-text available
The issue opens with an article by Agnieszka Baruk titled Expectations of Young Consumers Regarding Coffee Shops’ Marketing Activities on Social Media. In the article, the author identifies the expectations of young consumers regarding the activities undertaken in social media by coffee shops. This original manuscript, based on primary sources, dev...
Article
Full-text available
The tea market is one of the largest markets in the global economy, and tea is the second most frequently consumed beverage, after water. The aim of the article is to present product innovations observed on the global tea market against the background of identified megatrends in consumption, affecting both tea producers and sellers, as well as cons...
Book
Full-text available
Out of passion for coffee and tea, but above all out of passion for learning, we have prepared the first issue of Coffee & Tea Marketing Journal (C&TMJ). We would like this London based, English-language journal, created by scientists and practitioners, to become an international platform for the exchange of ideas, knowledge, information and experi...
Chapter
The authors focused on the conceptualisation of the notion of perceived customer value and identified the difference between value proposition and customer value. The changing reality, not only connected with the COVID-19 pandemic, enforces commercial centre managers to focus on creating an offer that will increase the perceived customer value. The...
Chapter
For nearly two decades, the category of customer engagement (CE) has been the subject of marketing research. Analysing the concepts of value in the marketing literature, it is worth noting that V. Kumar et al. proposed the introduction of the concept of 'customer engagement value', a measure of the value generated through co-creation. We will descr...
Chapter
The exploratory phase of research, in addition to literature reviews, involved conducting interviews using the in-depth interview technique. The research demonstrated that the respondents’ engagement in terms of relationship with shopping centres varied. The behavioural engagement of some customers is practically non-existent; others are more or le...
Chapter
Full-text available
Nineteenth-century shopping arcades, galleries and department stores are considered to be the precursors of contemporary shopping centres. Shopping centres are described as consumption temples or prosperity enclaves, where the middle-class live a hedonistic lifestyle. Currently, the authors are observing new types of centres lifestyle shopping cent...
Chapter
When analysing the proposition of a shopping centre’s value, it is important to treat a shopping centre as a product. A shopping centre identified as a product has tangible and intangible features and definable attributes, which may be classified with respect to costs, quality, functionality, time and so on. Attention should also be paid to the att...
Article
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The aim of the study is to explore how geomarketing becomes a key element in managing the business model (BM) of an established retailer on the food market. The survey sample comprised 244 stores, whose managers were questioned by means of a semi-structured interview in 2021. Cluster analysis was used to assess 40 statements from the managers about...
Chapter
Full-text available
Celem pracy jest zaprezentowanie możliwość i zastosowania w badaniach konsumentów analizy skupień oraz ukazanie efektów jej wykorzystania do delimitacji typów konsumentów i prowadzenia segmentacji rynku. Podstawy źródłowe opracowania tworzą literatura przedmiotu oraz własne badania empiryczne autora prowadzone w latach 2018-2021. W treści pracy uwa...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: The article analyses the changes in Polish consumer behaviour during the pandemic caused by the SARS CoV-2 virus. Changes in behaviour identified in 2022 were also analysed through the crisis caused by the war in Ukraine. Research Design & Methods: Literature studies and original empirical research were conducted. The empirical research-...
Article
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This study aimed to understand changes in the culture of consumption in the selected consumer seg-ments regarding COVID-19 during the lockdown. The empirical research was conducted with a sample of 534 households. To predict changes in consumer behavior, the two-step clustering method was used. We also use the decision-tree model. We created four s...
Article
Full-text available
The article focuses on consumer attitudes in the context of conscious and sustainable consumer behaviour. The authors aim to create a tool to measure the behavioural aspect of responsibility and sustainability in consumer attitudes and to examine the impact of selected factors on this rate. Empirical research was conducted on a sample of 510 househ...
Article
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Changes in the social paradigm, technological and digital trends, as well as the negative impacts of the macro environment are also reflected in changes in retail business models, which are becoming a multi-channel means of value creation. The aim of the present paper is to identify and examine the implementation of selected retail activities as a...
Article
Full-text available
Sustainable Consumer Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic. The aim of the article is to indicate the observed changes in consumer behaviour during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Particular attention has been paid to sustainable behaviours. The article also presents the opinions of respondents on the impact of the progressive degradation of the natural e...
Article
Full-text available
Aim/purpose-The paper aims to present a preliminary consumer typology based on the declared nutritional behaviors and selected lifestyle elements of Polish and Slovak consumers. Design/methodology/approach-The research was conducted in the first half of 2019, among non-randomly selected subjects representing their households from Poland and Slovaki...
Preprint
The development of technology and infrastructure related to electronic payments has sparked discussions on the possibility of giving up cash. However, unexpected increase in the demand for cash in recent years have brought new arguments to this discussion. The debate has primarily been focused on the technical characteristics of payments and intere...
Chapter
Full-text available
Abstract: The aim of the work is to present the place and importance of empirical research in solving problems of contemporary organizations management at the strategic, operational, and functional levels. The first part of the work presents the place of empirical research in the methodology of management and quality sciences. In the second, the ro...
Article
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Innovative business models adopted in new retail stores will multiply and become available in a very short time and in large numbers, reflecting a new set of consumers' experts on offerings that will be inherent in defining changes in their behaviour as our world changes. The article aims to show new factors influencing the current shopping behavio...
Article
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The aim of this paper is to determine the level of knowledge of the categories of sustainable development and consumers’ attitudes towards concept, assumptions, and principles of sustainable development in Polish society. The article also attempts to distinguish homogeneous clusters of consumers, based on their attitudes toward the sustainable deve...
Article
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This article presents theoretical considerations regarding the concept of 'brand', identifying it as a value driver for customers and defining how important a brand is in the value creation process. Brand-related constructs (brand strength, brand value, brand equity, brand awareness, brand knowledge, brand reputation, brand image, and brand identit...
Data
Consumer behaviour in the era of postmodernism The article is a theoretical and empirical discussion over the place and role of megatrends in consumption and the influence of these phenomena on consumers’ behaviour. Contemporary consumer, following the trends, becomes a fussy and demanding customer, who appreciates luxury and convenience. Focused...
Article
Full-text available
The paper is a theoretical and empirical study on the cultural determinants of business negotiations and behaviors. The theoretical aim of the paper is to present the main models used to study and compare national cultures. The applicable purpose of the paper is to present the results of a comparative analysis of individual cultures of the business...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: The aim of the article is to identify online customer engagement in shopping centers (SC). Design/methodology/approach: The research was based on secondary and primary sources. The secondary sources are the subject literature, while the primary sources were obtained through netnographic research carried out on the basis of the analysis of...
Article
Full-text available
The article is of a research nature. It aims to identify the most important factors determining the quality of services offered by dance schools. To achieve the set goal, the SERVQUAL method was used. This method allows determining the most desirable features of dance schools by the students and combines them into several categories: "specifics", "...
Article
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The authors of the presented article conducted primary research among contemporary gallants, aiming to identify consumer types within the niche of elegant men’s clothing, including possible dandies. In the conducted study, online surveys were posted on internet forums and thematic groups focused on Polish male smart dressers. As many as 30% of resp...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of the paper is to create a typology of consumers based on the consumption of food products and non-alcoholic beverages for two countries. The research was conducted among non-randomized respondents representing 900 Polish and 300 Slovakian households. The Polish part of the study was carried out in the Silesian and Mazovian provinces. The...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to diagnose consumer behavior in the context of the sustainable development concept and to answer the question to what extent this concept differentiates consumer behavior. Design/Methodology/Approach: The conducted analysis was based on the authors' original empirical research. The research was conducted in Novembe...
Article
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Dandyism was a thriving philosophical and social movement amongst elegant men of the nineteenth century. The prevailing conviction in the literature on the subject is that the dandy trend began to gradually disappear in the twentieth century, whereas in the new millennium it essentially no longer exists, or at best exists only as a mere shadow of i...
Article
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The aim of the paper is to present the attitude of mothers to choosing healthy food for their children and other members of their households. The survey was conducted in the period of January-May 2019 on a sample of 1373 respondents from Slovakia. We were interested in discovering the extent to which households in which the mother has the decisive...
Chapter
Full-text available
Celem opracowania jest zwrócenie uwagi na znaczenie uwarunkowań kulturowych w prowadzeniu jakościowych badań marketingowych. Za przykład służą badania własne autora przeprowadzone techniką zogniskowanego wywiadu grupowego z konsumentami z Ukrainy. Wnioski płynące z przykładu podkreślają wagę różnic kulturowych nawet w badaniach nacji kulturowo sobi...
Article
Full-text available
We have recently seen two conflicting trends in the use of cash. The share of e-payments in retail transactions is steadily increasing, but the same upward trend is true for the share of cash in circulation or at least the cash share remained unchanged. This paper shows the significance of perceived risk for consumers' precautionary demand for cash...
Book
Full-text available
This is the first book presenting the relation between coffee producers and consumers of coffee beverages, at marketing management level. Many books offer advice on how to write effective marketing strategies, but only few indicate how to implement them successfully. This book belongs to the second group. The proposed solutions can be applied by co...
Article
Full-text available
Postępujący i niespotykany dotąd przyrost ludności Ziemi oraz kurczenie się zasobów naturalnych planety powodują konieczność spojrzenia na współczesną konsumpcję z punktu widzenia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie stosunku konsumentów do idei zrównoważonej konsumpcji żywności, który przejawia się m.in. w deklarowa...
Article
Full-text available
The progressive and unprecedented growth of the Earth's population and the shrinking of the planet's natural resources make it necessary to look at contemporary consumption from the point of sustainable development goals. The purpose of the paper is to characterise consumers' attitude towards the idea of sustainable food consumption, which manifest...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Dandyism is a notion related to fashion, aesthetics and philosophy. This phenomenon, that has its roots at the beginning of the 18th century, has undergone strong changes over the years, losing its unique reasoning. Dandyism in the new millennium has been reduced to a relatively small, yet thriving market niche, that adapts a form of an online cons...
Chapter
The coffee market is an example of a global market which is undergoing constant and dynamic transformation. Enterprises wishing to maintain or increase their share in such a market are forced to constantly monitor not only their competitors, but also—if not primarily—buyers of their products. One of the ways to precisely recognise the needs and pre...
Article
Full-text available
Summary: Individual investing on financial markets is a real challenge for an investor. In order to achieve long-term growth of capital, sober judgment is required. However, it might be disrupted by a number of vulnerabilities and psychological effects. The article has a research character. Its purpose is to identify the subjective degree of being...
Article
Full-text available
The dynamic development of the food market requires enterprises and institutions responsible for the country's economic policy to constantly monitor the behaviour of the main consumption entity on this market, which is the household. One of the solution is to conduct typologisation procedures. The aim of the article is to present the results of hou...
Chapter
Full-text available
Abstract: Numerous dishonest practices, involving bringing to market food that threatens the health and lives of consumers, have an impact on the level of consumers' trust in food products. Producers and sellers of food are facing the task of constantly increasing consumer trust in the products they offer. The aim of the work is to determine the le...
Article
Full-text available
This paper focuses on Hilton's proprietary sustainability performance measurement system (SPMS) called LightStay (2010-2017). It draws on the case-study method and relies on three principal sources of information: in-house documents, a questionnaire completed by users of LightStay and interviews conducted with external experts. Specifically, the pa...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract: Individual participants on financial markets do not constitute a homogeneous group. Hence, defining the whole community as “investors” may be too simplistic. This article is of a research nature and poses an attempt to identify rough characteristics and differences between Polish retail investors and stock traders. The results of the pilo...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of the article is to present trends in consumption, which currently affect or will affect the behaviour of coffee consumers in the next 2-5 years. The article is written in the form of theoretical considerations supported by an analysis of source materials. It presents the main megatrends, consumer trends and product trends observed on the...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of the article is to present trends in consumption, which currently affect or will affect the behaviour of coffee consumers in the next 2-5 years. The article is written in the form of theoretical considerations supported by an analysis of source materials. It presents the main megatrends, consumer trends and product trends observed on the...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Constant changes in consumer behaviour, which are stimulated by the set of determinants (nowadays mostly connected with ICT) require collecting a lot of data to adapt market offer to changing customers’ preferences and expectations. Gathering and using the information about different consumer generations’ behaviour on food market seems to be crucia...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of the article is to draw attention to changes in the Polish labour market. These changes are determined by many factors, including a governmental program which supports families which are raising children: “Family 500+”. The source base of the article is constituted by subject literature, reports and elaborations of governmental and non-go...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The article addresses the issue of consumer preferences for types of coffee in Poland (ground coffee, instant coffee, coffee beans, instant coffee mixes and instant cappuccino). The main source of the study is the results of primary research conducted using a structured interview (CAPI-Computer Assisted Personal Interview) on a nationwide sample of...
Article
Full-text available
The purpose of this paper is to present the results and conclusions of a comparative analysis of Poland and other European Union countries regarding the level of food expenditure, the share of food expenditure in the structure of total expenditure and the direction of changes in these areas that took place in the years 2006-2016. The conducted anal...
Article
Full-text available
This paper, drawing on a questionnaire survey conducted among 587 coal miners from six coal mines, seeks to ascertain whether the Polish coal mining industry is committed to organizational greening and whether its employees behave in environmentally responsible ways. Specifically, it explores-by means of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM)-the direc...
Article
Full-text available
The paper describes patterns of food consumption observed in the V4 countries and compares them to the healthy diet model recommended by the WHO. The conducted analyses were based on the data from Eurostat and Statistical Offices of the Czech Republic , Poland, Slovakia and Hungary. The study also used reports from the UN (including the WHO), the N...
Article
Full-text available
The article has a research character. Its aim is to present judgements and opinions of representatives from Y and Z generations about methods, forms and risk related to online shopping. The source foundations for this article are constituted by the subject literature and author’s original research, conducted on 574 consumers within a framework of t...
Article
Full-text available
Summary: The aim of the article is to present the application of cluster analysis in the seg-mentation of users of electronic banking and to describe segments obtained by using this method. Ward's agglomerative method-one of hierarchical methods of cluster analysis was used here. As a result of using this method, a dendrogram was obtained, reflecti...
Article
Full-text available
Producers and retailers are the driving force behind the adoption of the idea of sustainability. It has been found that while preparing their product range offer, many still pay attention to the same set of criteria: size of the customers' earnings, how often they shop, and how much they buy when shopping. In general, sustainable values applied by...
Article
Full-text available
Satisfying hunger and thirst is a basic right of every human. The economic access to food is one of the four necessary conditions to provide food security of countries and their citizens. Data from FAO, European Parliament or statistics from Eurostat show that the problem of economic access to food concerns countries of the European Union as well....
Preprint
Full-text available
The driving force behind adopting the idea of sustainable development are producers and retailers. Unfortunately, when preparing their product range for consumers, many of them still only pay attention to the size of the customers’ earnings, how often they shop and how much they buy when shopping. In consumer segmentation, sustainable values that c...
Chapter
Full-text available
Celem rozdziału jest ukazanie obecnego poziomu i struktury infrastruktury domowej polskich gospodarstw domowych. Stanowi ona bowiem ekonomiczną bazę osób tworzących gospodarstwa domowe i jest ważnym czynnikiem pobudzającym konsumpcję tych podmiotów rynkowych. Prezentowane rozważania zostały poprowadzone przy wykorzystaniu metod wnioskowania logiczn...
Chapter
Full-text available
Celem rozdziału jest ukazanie zmian w poziomie i strukturze konsumpcji polskich gospodarstw domowych obserwowanych w latach 1993-2016. Analizowany okres obejmuje zatem czas najważniejszych przemian zachodzących w ostatnich dekadach w polskim społeczeństwie i w polskiej gospodarce: transformację gospodarki centralnie sterowanej w gospodarkę rynkową...
Preprint
Full-text available
In the face of the ongoing degradation of the natural environment and increasingly worrying climate change, societies and their governments should pay more and more attention to the issue of the development of sustainable consumption and pro-environmental consumer behaviour. It has been known for a long time that producers and retailers are the dri...
Preprint
Full-text available
The article addresses the issue of consumer preferences for types of coffee in Poland (ground coffee, instant coffee, coffee beans, instant coffee mixes and instant cappuccino). The main source of the study is the results of primary research conducted using a structured interview (CAPI—Computer Assisted Personal Interview) on a nationwide sample of...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract:. The aim of the article is to present consumer attitudes in Poland in respect of modern solutions in the retail trade and the influence which these attitudes have on their behaviour in the market. The considerations were conducted using methods of logical inference, based on a critical analysis of available derivative sources and conclusi...
Article
Full-text available
POLISH CONSUMERS’ PURCHASING PLACES OF FOOD Summary The article has a research character. The aim of the article is to draw attention to changes in consumers’ preferences about purchasing places of food. The considerations were conducted using methods of logical inference, basing on critical analysis of available derivative sources and conclusions...
Article
Full-text available
Abstrakt: W artykule podjęto problem preferencji konsumentów wobec marek kaw dostępnych w Polsce (ziarnistej, mielonej, rozpuszczalnej oraz rozpuszczalnego cappuccino). Podstawę źródłową opracowania stanowią wyniki badań pierwotnych przeprowadzonych metodą standaryzowanego wywiadu kwestionariuszowego techniką CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interv...
Article
Full-text available
Households’ selections concerning purchasing places of consumer goods Summary: The article has a research character. The aim of the article is to highlight the meaning of households’ selections concerning purchasing places of consumer goods. The considerations were conducted using methods of logical inference, basing on critical analysis of availa...
Article
Full-text available
Artykuł ma charakter badawczy i stanowi głos w dyskusji na temat rozwoju społeczeństwa informacyjnego. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zidentyfikowanych postaw konsumentów wobec bankowości elektronicznej oraz przełożenia tych postaw na ich zachowania rynkowe. Rozważania poprowadzone zostały z wykorzystaniem metod wnioskowania logicznego, na pods...
Chapter
Full-text available
The aim of the article is to discuss current tendencies in e-consumer behaviour in European countries. The paper purpose is to find the answer to the question to what extend behaviour of e-consumers in Europe is similar in different countries or we should rather speak about differences instead of similarities. The paper will cover discussion and li...
Article
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Retailing formats in Poland in consumers’ opinion Summary: The article focuses on functioning of particular retailing formats from consum-ers’ view. The objects of the research were traditional, as well as modern forms of trade. The evaluated specifications are: their number, location, price level, quality of products, customer service, opening h...
Article
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Consumers’ preferences about purchasing places of consumer goods and services Summary: The article focuses on the selection of purchasing places of main groups of consumer goods and services by the polish consumers. The source foundations for this article are constituted by the source literature, reports and data of research institutions and the r...
Article
Full-text available
Streszczenie: Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie metody ocen ekspertów w badaniach kierunków rozwoju handlu i usług. W opisanym w artykule badaniu wzięło udział 20 ekspertów z handlu i 23 ekspertów z usług. Dobór ekspertów był celowy, były to osoby, które z racji swoich zainteresowań, wiedzy i doświadczenia należy uznać za ekspertów w zakresie han...
Article
Full-text available
The article is a voice in discussion about the role that the Internet plays in buying behavior of contemporary consumers. In the area of communication between people, the Internet proved to be a real revolution. It entered all areas of human life quickly, including the purchase-sale transaction. In the article were presented reviews and opinions of...
Article
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The article is a voice in discussion about observed changes of consumers' behaviours in the area of trade and services. Researches made with the experts' rating method let sketch the consumer's vision - customer of service and trade facilities of the end of second decade of XXI century. It will be a person full of paradoxes: more active and more la...
Article
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Streszczenie: Artykuł stanowi głos w dyskusji na temat rozwoju i dostępności wybieral-nych konsumpcyjnych usług systemowych w Polsce. W artykule zostały zaprezentowane wyniki ogólnopolskich badań ankietowych, których celem było pozyskanie opinii kon-sumentów na temat funkcjonowania placówek świadczących usługi wybieralne (m.in. bankowe, turystyczne...
Article
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The article focuses on the selection of purchasing places of main groups of consumer goods and services by the consumers from the selected European countries (Belgium, France, Germany and Poland, Romania and Slovakia). The source foundations for this article are constituted by the source literature and the results of field research run within the r...
Article
Full-text available
The article is a voice in discussion about young consumers' attitudes towards product innovations. The analysis of research results, conducted on 180 young consumers, who buy on goods and services' market, says, that most of respondents have positive attitude to this phenomenon. Most of respondents agree, that innovative products meet the consumers...
Article
Full-text available
The article has the conceptual and research character and is a voice in discussion about the place and role of the household in creating an innovative society and innovative economy. The aim of the article is to highlight the importance of households in development of the innovative economy. The considerations were conducted using methods of logica...
Book
Full-text available
Retail trade constitutes an important sector of economies in Euro-pean countries. Retail trade faces numerous changes caused by the pro-cesses of concentration and integration of retailers, internationalization of commercial organizations, progress within IT technologies and trends in customers` behaviours. Multiplicity and diversity of customers`...
Research
Full-text available
The article is a theoretical and empirical discussion over the place and role of new trends in consumption and the influence of these phenomena on consumers’ behaviour. Contemporary consumer, following the trends, becomes a fussy and demanding customer, who appreciates luxury and convenience. Focused mostly on themselves, he or she is more and more...
Article
Full-text available
Summary: The aim of this article is to present the expert’s evaluation method in the research of directions of the retail trade and services development. This article describes research which 20 trade experts and 23 service experts took part in. The expert selection was deliberate, they were people, who, by virtue of their interests, knowledge and...
Article
Full-text available
The article is a theoretical consideration over the civilization changes observed in Europe and the directions which the modern Europe is heading for. The analysis of the literature resources makes one to ask a question if this is the end of the history and in the future one would not be able to expect any considerable changes or perhaps after Toff...

Questions

Questions (2)
Question
The continuing pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus presents an unexpected and unprecedented challenge to the entire world. Questions arise about the future of the economy and the extent to which modern economic theories can cope with this situation. The world is facing a multidimensional crisis - health, humanitarian, economic, financial, climate, which is a challenge for governments, international organizations, enterprises, as well as for consumers and their households. The UN assumes that the consequences of the pandemic and the resulting global recession will be catastrophic for many countries and will halt progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). But are the changes triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic only negative? Or maybe there are also different consequences of this situation? Will the experience of a pandemic become a catalyst for innovative changes putting society and economy on the path of safe and sustainable development?
Question
Please provide examples of such changes. I am very interested in your opinion.

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