Gregory Lehman

None · Greg Lehman Continuing Education

The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is often considered to be involved when people present for care with low back pain where SIJ is located. However, determining why the pain has arisen can be challenging, especially in the absence of a specific cause such as pregnancy, disease, or trauma, when the SIJ might be identified as a source of symptoms with the he...

Lifting exercises are essential for the development of strength qualities in the lower extremity. Traditionally, coaches encourage a neutral lumbar spine posture during these exercises in order to reduce injury risk and maximise performance. However, evidence suggests that significant amounts of lumbar spine flexion occur during lifting exercises,...

The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is often considered to be involved when people present for care with low back pain where the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is located. However, determining why the pain has arisen can be challenging, especially in the absence of a specific cause such as pregnancy, disease, or trauma, where the SIJ may be identified as a source o...

The diversity of models of care in contemporary musculoskeletal physical therapy can be confusing for patients and practicing clinicians. There is, however, a common theme to many of these seemingly disparate models of care: symptom modification. Symptom modification aims at reducing symptoms and improving function with a variety of clinical approa...

Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a popular research tool in sport and rehabilitation sciences. Common study designs include the comparison of sEMG amplitudes collected from different muscles as participants perform various exercises and techniques under different loads. Based on such comparisons, researchers attempt to draw conclusions concerning...

Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a popular research tool in sports and rehabilitation sciences. Common study designs include the comparison of sEMG amplitudes collected from different muscles as participants perform various exercises and techniques under different loads. Based on such comparisons, researchers attempt to draw conclusions concernin...

The modified Thomas test was developed to assess the presence of hip flexion contracture and to measure hip extensibility. Despite its widespread use, to the authors’ knowledge, its criterion reference validity has not yet been investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the criterion reference validity of the modified Thomas test for mea...

Dataset for modified Thomas test validity paper

Background. Foam rolling has been shown to acutely increase range of motion (ROM) during knee flexion and hip flexion with the experimenter applying an external force, yet no study to date has measured hip extensibility as a result of foam rolling with controlled knee flexion and hip extension moments. The purpose of this study was to investigate t...

Decreasing an elevated muscle tone is an often cited benefit of spinal manipulation. Spinal manipulation is theorized to disrupt an assumed pain-spasm-pain cycle that sufferers of low back pain may be experiencing. The current research has mostly investigated the short term influence of a single spinal manipulation on paraspinal muscle activity eit...

Objectives: To understand the possible physiological mechanisms of a modulated transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS] device on the reported reductions in pain using quantitative electromyography to measure muscle activation and near-infrared spectroscopy to estimate muscular oxygenation levels. Methods: All subjects self-selected the i...

The aim of the current study is to determine if performing push up exercise variations on an unstable surface (Swiss ball) influences EMG amplitude of the scapulothoracic muscles when compared with a stable surface (Bench). Ten males were recruited from a convenience sample of college students. Surface electromyograms were recorded from the upper t...

This introductory resistance training program is designed to minimize injury risk, improve golf swing speed and the overall fitness of recreational golfers. This article aims to introduce to the Chiropractor the basic concepts sport specific resistance training, periodization models of resistance training and proposes a year round conditioning resi...

Surface instability is a common addition to traditional rehabilitation and strength exercises with the aim of increasing muscle activity, increasing exercise difficulty and improving joint proprioception. The aim of the current study was to determine if performing upper body closed kinetic chain exercises on a labile surface (Swiss ball) influences...

Background and case presentation The prone leg extension (PLE) is commonly used to identify dysfunction of muscle recruitment patterns. The prone leg extension is theorized to identify proximal muscle disturbances which are a result of distal injury or dysfunction (i.e. an ankle sprain). This case study compares the trunk and hip muscle (bilateral...

Viscoelastic creep of lumbar ligaments (prolonged forward bend) has been shown to negatively influence the spine's muscular reflexive behaviour and spinal stability. No studies to date have investigated the influence of spinal viscoelastic creep on the feedforward response of the trunk muscles to sudden arm raises. Surface myoelectric activity was...

The myoelectric signal of the sternoclavicular and clavicular portions of the pectoralis major, the biceps brachii, and the lateral head of triceps brachii of 12 healthy men was collected during an isometric hold of 5 different bench press exercises. Grip width (narrow, mid, and wide) and the level of supination/pronation was varied to determine ho...

A Swiss ball is often incorporated into trunk strengthening programs for injury rehabilitation and performance conditioning. It is often assumed that the use of a Swiss ball increases trunk muscle activity. The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of a Swiss ball to trunk bridging exercises influences trunk muscle activity. Surfa...

The addition of Swiss balls to conventional exercise programs has recently been adopted. Swiss balls are an unstable surface which may result in an increased need for force output from trunk muscles to provide adequate spinal stability or balance. The aim of the study was to determine whether the addition of a Swiss ball to upper body strength exer...

This article primarily reviews the assessment of the non-amplitude dependent components of the myoelectric signal in assessing lumbar function in the low back injured and how persons with low back injuries may differ from the non-injured. Assessment of anomalies in function can loosely be categorized into 4 separate protocols: 1. Assessing the patt...

Background Exercise beliefs abound regarding variations in strength training techniques on muscle activation levels yet little research has validated these ideas. The purpose of the study is to determine muscle activation level, expressed as a percent of a normalization contraction, of the latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii and middle trapezius/rhomb...

The prone leg extension (PLE) is a clinical test used to evaluate the function of the lumbopelvis. It has been theorized that a normal and consistent pattern of muscle activation exists. Previous research has found two contradictory patterns of muscle activation during PLE in normal individuals. One study shows an almost simultaneous activation of...

To review new and advanced biomechanical assessment techniques for the lumbar spine and illustrate the differences in lumbar function in patients with low back pain and asymtomatic subjects. The biomedical literature was searched for research and reviews on spinal kinematic differences between low back pain subjects and healthy controls. A data sea...

Samenvatting Quantification of the differences in electromyografic activity magnitude between the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle during selected trunk excercises [Physical Therapy 2001;81(5):1069-101]

The validity and applicability of erector spinae electromyogram (EMG) use in clinical practice is questionable. Differences in the amplitude of the EMG signal between populations with low back pain (LBP) and controls have been hypothesized but not sufficiently documented. To examine issues of EMG asymmetry and repeatability in populations with LBP...

Several recent studies in animal models of spinal pain have shown changes in sensory processing and in reflex muscular responses. One group of researchers reported consistent electromyographic responses in the paraspinal muscles of healthy men after spinal manipulation, and they speculated that such responses may underlie some of the observed clini...

Controversy exists around exercises and clinical tests that attempt to differentially activate the upper or lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle. The purpose of this study was to assess the activation of the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle during a variety of abdominal muscle contractions. Subjects (N = 11) were sel...

Analytic cohort with a convenience sample in a research clinic. To determine the influence of a spinal manipulation on trunk kinematics and associated trunk myoelectric activity. While the mechanism of spinal manipulation is unknown, it has been theorized to influence spinal range of motion and trunk muscle activity. Trunk kinematics were measured...

To investigate whether a more sophisticated and detailed analysis of both simple and complex tasks may yield more information regarding the short-term influence of an adjustment on spine biomechanics. The study used a single-subject, before-after design. Three-dimensional spine kinematics and trunk muscle electromyography were assessed during a var...

Objective: To investigate whether a more sophisticated and detailed analysis of both simple and complex tasks may yield more information regarding the short-term influence of an adjustment on spine biomechanics. Methods: The study used a single-subject, before-after design. Three-dimensional spine kinematics and trunk muscle electromyography were a...

To demonstrate the errors in surface electromyogram (EMG) interpretation that can be made when the EMG signal is not normalized. A case study as a proof of principle. The EMG amplitude between the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis in one subject during a trunk curl when the EMG signal was normalized (expressed as a percentage of a ma...