Godwin Ogbole

• MBBS
• Lecturer at University College Hospital Ibadan

The aim of this study is to present and discuss atypical instances of spina bifida (SB) within a Nigerian paediatric cohort, highlighting their distinctive clinicoradiological features. Additionally, a brief literature review is provided to contextualise these congenital anomalies. This series comprises eight rare cases of SB managed in a Nigerian...

Background Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, but little is known about the contribution of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) to stroke epidemiology among indigenous Africans. Objective To evaluate the association of SHSE with stroke among indigenous Africans. Methods We analyzed the relationship of SHSE with stroke a...

MRI technology has profoundly transformed current healthcare systems globally, owing to advances in hardware and software research innovations. Despite these advances, MRI remains largely inaccessible to clinicians, patients, and researchers in low resource areas, such as Africa. The rapidly growing burden of non-communicable diseases in Africa und...

Background: There are limited data from Africa on the burden and associations between pre-diabetes (pre-DM), diabetes mellitus (DM) and stroke occurrence in a region experiencing a profound rise in stroke burden. Purpose: To characterize the associations between stroke and dysglycemic status among West Africans. Methods: The Stroke Investigati...

Background The relationship between vegetable consumption and hypertension occurrence remains poorly characterized in sub-Saharan Africa Aim This study assessed the association of vegetable consumption with odds of hypertension among indigenous Africans. Methods We harmonized data on prior vegetable consumption and hypertension occurrence (define...

Background: The association of vegetable consumption with hypertension remains poorly described in sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the relationship between vegetable consumption and hypertension among indigenous Africans. Methods: We harmonized data on the frequency of vegetable consumption (servings/week) and hypertension (defined as systo...

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of stroke - the second leading cause of death worldwide - were conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry1,2. Here, in cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of 110,182 patients who have had a stroke (five ancestries, 33% non-European) and 1,503,898 control individuals, we identify associ...

Background The prognostic implications of metabolic syndrome (METS) among African stroke patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of METS and its prognostic implications among Africans with newly diagnosed stroke in the SIREN study. Methods We included stroke cases (adults aged >18 years with CT/MRI confirme...

Aims and objectives To establish the national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for chest radiography, non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) and mammography examinations of adults in Nigeria. Materials and methods The study consisted of review of published studies on DRLs in Nigeria found in the internet using Google search engine from 2005...

Background Data on the burden and outcomes of recurrent strokes in sub-Saharan Africa are limited, impeding efforts at optimal recurrent stroke prevention. Objective To assess the prevalence, risk factor profile, stroke types and mortality from recurrent strokes in Ghana and Nigeria. Methods We analyzed data from 3553 stroke cases involved in the...

Synopsis We examined access to MRI in Sub-Saharan Africa to provide a novel framework to address MRI needs. A 68-question needs assessment survey was distributed to collaborators, radiologists and radiographers in Africa, yielding 158 unique responses. Survey responses were analyzed to provide insight into challenges and opportunities for MRI acces...

MRI technology has profoundly transformed current healthcare and research systems globally. The rapidly growing burden of non-communicable diseases in Africa has underscored the importance of improving access to MRI equipment as well as training and research opportunities on the continent. The Consortium for Advancement of MRI Education & Research...

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise in numerous domains, there are concerns about generalizability to out-of-sample data. This is currently addressed by centrally sharing ample, and importantly diverse, data from multiple sites. However, such centralization is challenging to scale (or even not feasible) due to various limitations. Fede...

Background: The relationship of diet with stroke risk among Africans is not well understood. Aim: To investigate the association between dietary patterns and stroke risk among West Africans. Methods: In this multi-centre case-control study, 3684 stroke patients matched (for age and sex) with 3684 healthy controls were recruited from Nigeria and Gha...

Background and Aim Illicit substance use (ISU) is a public health problem and a prominent risk factor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, whether ISU contributes significantly to the escalating burden of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa is yet to be clearly understood. This study assessed the relationship between ISU and the risk of stroke a...

Background & Aim Early identification and treatment of populations at risk of stroke in Africa have been delimited by the data to design a risk prediction model tailor-made for indigenous Africans. This study developed and tested an Afrocentric risk scoring model to predict stroke occurrence among West Africans. Method 7066 case-control pairs (ide...

Background The relationship between serum LDL level and hemorrhagic stroke is inconclusive. Several epidemiological Studies have noted that low LDL is a risk factor for ICH, however very few studies have defined the link between LDL and hemorrhagic stroke severity. Aim We hypothesized that low serum LDL levels may have association with intracerebr...

Investments in MRI technology have transformed the way patient care is delivered today. Yet, Africa, a continent with the largest global burden of non-communicable diseases, has the worst access to MRI technology, partly because of severe shortage in skilled MRI personnel. The Consortium for Advancement of MRI Education and Research in Africa (CAME...

Low-field MR scanners are more accessible in resource-constrained settings where skilled personnel are scarce. Images acquired in such scenarios are prone to artifacts such as wrap-around and Gibbs ringing. Such artifacts negatively affect the diagnostic quality and may be confused with pathology or reduce the region of interest visibility. As a fi...

Introduction: Congenital anomalies (CA) are structural or functional disorders present at birth. Routine prenatal ultrasound screening has become an indispensable tool for early detection of CA in developed countries which will facilitate appropriate preemptive actions for safe guarding the health of both mother and the unborn fetus. The prevalenc...

Background: This study is part of the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN), the largest study of stroke patients in Africa to date, with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data for each patient to confirm stroke. Prior imaging studies performed using high-field MR (!1.5T) have shown that white matte...

Objectives To explore the prevalence and risk factors of obesity among older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This is a secondary analysis of data obtained from the SIREN study through in-person interviews and measurements from healthy stroke-free older adults (≥60 years). Overweight/obesity was defined as body mass in...

Background Stroke risk can be quantified using risk factors whose effect sizes vary by geography and race. No stroke risk assessment tool exists to estimate aggregate stroke risk for indigenous African. Objectives To develop Afrocentric risk-scoring models for stroke occurrence. Materials and Methods We evaluated 3533 radiologically confirmed Wes...

Background and Purpose To identify the qualitative and quantitative contributions of conventional risk factors for occurrence of ischemic stroke and its key pathophysiologic subtypes among West Africans. Methods The SIREN (Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network) is a multicenter, case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Ni...

In tandem with the ever‐increasing aging population in low and middle‐income countries, the burden of dementia is rising on the African continent. Dementia prevalence varies from 2.3% to 20.0% and incidence rates are 13.3 per 1000 person‐years with increasing mortality in parts of rapidly transforming Africa. Differences in nutrition, cardiovascula...

Background The burden of stroke in Africa is high. Understanding how age associates with major modifiable stroke risk factors could inform tailored demographic stroke prevention strategies. Purpose To quantify the magnitude and direction of the effect sizes of key modifiable stroke risk factors according to three age groups: <50 years (young), 50–6...

Background Post-stroke seizures (PSS) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality across the globe. There is a paucity of data on PSS in Africa. Purpose To assess the frequency and factors associated with PSS by stroke types across 15 hospitals in Nigeria and Ghana. Methods We analyzed data on all stroke cases recruited into the Strok...

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for stroke and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) globally. Understanding risk factors for hypertension among individuals with matching characteristics with stroke patients may inform primordial/primary prevention of hypertension and stroke among them. This study identified the risk factors for hype...

Objectives: Depression is a risk factor for stroke. There is a knowledge gap on the predictors of prestroke depression in stroke survivors living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We estimated prevalence and predictors of prestroke depression, as well as its association with poststroke depression (PSD) in the largest study of stroke in A...

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The reasons for increased stroke burden in developing countries are inadequately controlled risk factors resulting from poor public awareness and inadequate infrastructure. Computed tomography and MRI are common neuroimaging modalities used to assess stroke with diffusion‐weighted MRI, in...

Background This study is part of the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN), the largest study in Africa of stroke patients to date, with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data for each patient to confirm stroke. Prior imaging studies performed using high-field MR (≥1.5T) have shown that white matter...

1.5T or 3T scanners are the current standard for clinical MRI, but low-field (<1T) scanners are still common in many lower- and middle-income countries for reasons of cost and robustness to power failures. Compared to modern high-field scanners, low-field scanners provide images with lower signal-to-noise ratio at equivalent resolution, leaving pra...

Introduction and Objective: Male factor infertility accounts for 40% of the causes of infertility of a couple. Due to its accessibility and superficial location of its contents, the scrotum lends itself to splendid ultrasonographic evaluation. Scrotal ultrasound (USS) may be useful in the evaluation of male factor infertility. We present a one-year...

MR images scanned at low magnetic field (<1T) have lower resolution in the slice direction and lower contrast, due to a relatively small signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than those from high field (typically 1.5T and 3T). We adapt the recent idea of Image Quality Transfer (IQT) to enhance very low-field structural images aiming to estimate the resolutio...

MR images scanned at low magnetic field ($<1$T) have lower resolution in the slice direction and lower contrast, due to a relatively small signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than those from high field (typically 1.5T and 3T). We adapt the recent idea of Image Quality Transfer (IQT) to enhance very low-field structural images aiming to estimate the resolut...

MR images scanned at low magnetic field (<1 T) have lower resolution in the slice direction and lower contrast, due to a relatively small signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than those from high field (typically 1.5T and 3T). We adapt the recent idea of Image Quality Transfer (IQT) to enhance very low-field structural images aiming to estimate the resoluti...

The West African mud turtle has recently become the focus of many investigative studies by virtue of its ubiquitous status and the reducing population and availability in Africa. The anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in this species has not been well studied and documented. This study attempts to examine and demonstrate a comparative gros...