Godwin Nwaobi

• Full Professor
• Professor at Veritas University

For several decades, the international community has aspired to integrate the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability. Yet, no country has achieved the patterns of consumption and production that could sustain global prosperity in the coming decades. Thus, with the increasing pace at which domestic markets are becoming integ...

Since the mid 1990’s, economists have come to recognize the role of innovative activity in firms productivity growth, particularly in the competitive market economies. However, the most conducive market environment for innovative activity has also become a subject of interest. Thus, a major constraint on industrial dynamism in African countries is...

Since 1950s, most African nations have gained independence from their colonial powers. Fortunately, independence has brought many changes to these nations and these include multi-party democratic government and western education systems. Unfortunately, the Africa’s economy is the least developed of any continent after Antarctica. Yet, Africa is ric...

As by product of economic growth, jobs are indeed transformational. In other words, efficiency increases as workers get better at what they do (as more productive jobs appear and less productive ones disappear). In fact societies flourish as jobs bring together people from different ethnic and social backgrounds while providing alternatives to conf...

Notably, the 20th century was dominated by the legacy of devastating global wars, colonial struggles, and ideological conflicts as well as effort s to establish international systems that would foster global peace and prosperity. Yet, insecurity and corruption not only remain, they have become the primary development challenges of the 21st century....

Generally, entrepreneurship can be described as the bold and imaginative deviation from established business patterns and practice. However, the triumph of entrepreneurship is driven by profound technological change. This paper therefore argues that reform can change things by making it easier to achieve ethics like transparency, convenience and ru...

Traditionally, the task of monetary management is usually performed by the monetary authority on behalf of government. However, a key challenge in monetary management is how to deal with uncertainty. Thus, the relevant policy questions must include how best the available instruments of monetary policy be deployed in shock prone mature stabilizers....

Indeed, it has been asserted that the most fundamental resource in the modern economy is knowledge while the most important process of economic development is learning. Therefore, e-commerce is an important contributor to the learning process which shapes economic performance. In fact, it provides improved access to structured business information...

In recent years, the government, of African Countries has assumed major responsibilities for economic reforms and growth. In attempting to describe their economies, economists (policymakers) in many African Countries have applied certain models that are by now widely known: Linear programming models, input-output models, macro-econometric models, v...

Since the mid 1900’s, economist have come to recognize the role of innovative activity in firms productivity growth, particularly in the competitive market economies. However, the most conducive market environment for innovative activity has also become a subject of interest. Thus, a major constraint on industrial dynamism in African countries is s...

Indeed, the recent emphasis on eco-political governance in Nigeria is unique in that it was initiated by external donors (international organizations) and not by domestic leaders under pressure from their own constituencies. Thus, while Nigeria have embraced the market economy and liberalized their policies; issues related to political participatio...

While the global economic recovery continues, it remains uneven and subject to downside risks. Yet,to the extent that these linger, they could undermine growth further and foster larger macroeconomic imbalances.In fact,one unwanted characteristics that most Sub-saharan African economies share, is the prevalence and magnitude of output collapses. Un...

In both developed and developing countries, there are basically two main sources of economic instability: exogenous shocks and inappropriate policies. Exogenous shock (terms-of-trade shocks, natural disasters and capital flow reversals) can throw an economy into disequilibrium and therefore require compensatory action. On the other hand, a disequil...

Technological progress is considered as a source of growth and productivity gains for national economies. Thus,understanding the factors that determine the diffusion of new technologies across african countries is important to understanding the process of economic development. And whereas, energy is linked with the capacity to perform, the rate at...

Living through hunger and physical hardship from infancy to premature old age; living through economic shifts that close factories and strip currency of its value in an instant; living through social turmoil, political upheaval, and war; through it all, poor men and women in communities around the world keep coming back to their deep longing for a...

Information and communication technologies are one of the most pervasive technologies in the world, second only to 'human intelligence' or the human brain. Thus, understanding the factors that determine the diffusion of new technologies across african countries is important to understanding the process of economic development. And whereas, energy i...

Indeed, the specification of equilibrium in the world economy depends on the exchange rate regime and thus, the early contributions to the postwar literature on exchange rate economics are to a large extent concerned with the role of speculation in foreign exchange markets. However, the world has known several exchange rate systems beginning with t...

Living through hunger and physical hardship from infancy to premature old age; living through economic shifts that close factories and strip currency of its value in an instant; living through social turmoil, political upheaval, and war; through it all, poor men and women in communities around the world keep coming back to their deep longing for a...

The phenomenal growth of derivative markets across the globe indicates their impact on the global financial scene. As the securities markets continue to evolve, market participants, investors and regulators are looking at different way in which the risk management and hedging needs of investors may be effectively met through the derivative instrume...

Without education, development will not occur, only an educated people can command the skills necessary for sustainable economic growth and for a better quality of life. Recognizing this fact, African governments have placed heavy emphasis on expanding educational opportunities from primary school through university to the past four decades. More o...

Expanding opportunities for people in developing countries is a pressing concern for governments and for the global community. This is because of the fact that nearly half of the world's population lives on less than two dollar a day and one point one billion barely survive on less than one dollar a day. Thus, improving the climate for investment i...

The need to develop securities market has, following the recent international financial crises, increasingly attracted the attention of national and international policy makers. Never before have developed and developing countries shared such a strong interest in ensuring the stable growth of the international capital flows. And yet, the question f...

Nigeria was incorporated in 1914 when Frederick Lugard(First Governor-General) amalgamated the two British protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria and the Crown Colony of Lagos into a single entity. The primary reason for amalgamation was economic rather than political. It is therefore, a matter for great regret that this country(Nigeria) ha...

SINCE 1930, EXPECTATIONS HAVE PLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN ECONOMIC THEORY AND THIS IS BECAUSE ECONOMICS IS GENERALLY CONCERNED WITH THE IMPLICATIONS OF CURRENT ACTIONS FOR THE FUTURE. THIS PAPER THEREFORE ARGUES THAT THE DEVELOPMENT OF RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS THEORY WILL MAKE A MORE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMICS(AND IN PARTICULAR, MONETARY EC...

AGRICULTURE IN ITS COMMON PARLENCE INCLUDES PRODUCTION, RESEARCH AND TRAINING IN THE FIELDS OF CROPS, FORESTRY, FISHING AND LIVESTOCK. NIGERIAN AGRICULTURE WAS CHARACTERIZED BY LOW FARM INCOMES; LOW CAPACITY LEVEL TO SATISFY FOOD AND FIBRE NEEDS OF THE COUNTRY, AND PRIMITIVE TECHNIQUES OF PRODUCTION. YET, THERE WAS LITTLE CONSENSUS WITH RESPECT TO...

THE CONCEPT OF AN INDUSTRY IS IMPORTANT FOR ECONOMIC ANALYSIS. HERE, WE DEFINE SUGAR INDUSTRY AS GROUP OF FIRMS PRODUCING SUGAR THAT ARE CLOSE SUBSTITUTES BY THE USE OF IDENTICAL PRODUCTION PROCESSES AND RAW MATERIALS. HOWEVER, SUGAR INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA WAS STILL IN ITS PIONEERING STAGE. THIS PAPER THEREFORE ARGUES THAT THE STRUCTURE AND ORIENTATIO...

COAL WAS DISCOVERED IN NIGERIA IN 1909 AND COAL MINING STARTED WITH A DRIFT MINE AT OGBETE, ENUGU IN 1915. SINCE 1958/59, WHEN COAL PRODUCTION REACHED ITS PEAK, THERE HAS BEEN A PERSISTENT FLUCTUATION IN THE AMOUNT OF COAL PRODUCED IN SUBSEQUENT YEARS. THIS PAPER THEREFORE INVESTIGATES THE MAJOR CAUSES OF THE DECLINE OF THE NIGERIA COAL INDUSTRY AN...

OIL AS AN ENERGY PROPELLER, IS THE LARGEST INTERNATIONALLY TRADED COMMODITY THAT SHOWS HIGHLY VISIBLE INTERPLAY OF POLITICS AND ECONOMICS IN THE DETERMINATION OF ITS INVESTMENT, PRODUCTION, TRADE AND PRICING POLICIES. THIS UNIQUENESS, NO DOUBT DEMANDS A WELL ARTICULATED OIL POLICY FOR AN OIL PRODUCING NATION. THUS, THE THRUST OF THE PAPER WAS TO EV...

GOOD HEALTH IS A CRUCIAL PART OF WELL-BEING BUT SPENDING ON HEALTH CAN BE JUSTIFIED ON ECONOMIC GROUNDS. THE GOAL OF REDUCING POVERTY PROVIDES A DIFFERENT BUT EQUALLY POWERFUL CASE FOR HEALTH INVESTMENTS. HOWEVER, IF POLICYMAKERS ARE TO ACCELERATE THE SUBSTANTIAL HEALTH GAINS OF RECENT DECADES, ESPECIALLY FOR THE POOR IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES SUCH AS N...

Good health is a crucial part of well-being but spending on health can be justified on economic grounds. The goal of reducing poverty provides a different but equally powerful case for health investments. However, if policymakers are to accelerate the substantial health gains of recent decades, especially for the poor in African countries such as N...

THIS PAPER ENUNERATES THE SEQUENTIAL HISTORIC ORIGIN OF OSUMENYI VILLAGE AND ITS CULTURAL, RELIGIOUS AND ECONOMIC PRACTICES. IN OTHERWORDS, THE PAPER WILL HELP TO CLARIFY SOME OF THE SOCIO-POLITICAL CHANGES AND ECONOMIC CHANGES THAT HAS TAKEN PLACE IN OSUMENYI'S HISTORY. THE PAPER RECOMMENDS THE STATE AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO EXPOIT THE IMPORTANT...

This paper derives and estimates a barro-type reduced form equation for domestic real output from a simple structural model of an open developing economy in which markets clear continuously and expectations are rational. The form in which open economy variables appeared was explicitly derived from an underlying structural model. The model was adapt...

Recently, there has been growing concern that human activities may be affecting the global climate through growing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG). Such warming could have major impacts on economic activity and society. For the Nigerian case, the study uses multisector dynamic applied general equilibrium model to quantify the e...

A controversial result of some current research on the real business cycles is the claim that a common stochastic trend(the cumulative effect of permanent shocks to productivity)underlies the bulk of economic fluctuations. If confirmed, this will imply that many other forces have been relatively unimportant over historical business cycles(including...

THIS PAPER DERIVES AND ESTIMATES A BARRO-TYPE REDUCED-FORM EQUATION FOR DOMESTIC REAL OUTPUT FROM A SIMPLE STRUCTURAL MODEL OF AN OPEN DEVELOPING ECONOMY IN WHICH MARKETS CLEAR CONTINUOUSLY AND EXPECTATIONS ARE RATIONAL. THE FORM IN WHICH OPEN ECONOMY VARIABLES APPEARED WAS EXPLICITLY DERIVED FROM AN UNDERLYING STRUCTURAL MODEL. THE MODEL WAS ADAPT...

Nigeria is going through a difficult political and economic transition after decades of independence.Yet, Nigeria remains a society rich in cultural, linguistic, religious, ethnic and political diversity. Today, the average Nigerian struggles hard to make ends meet; sees himself or herself as being poorer than he or she was previously; and finds it...

Technological progress is considered as a source of growth and productivity gains for national economies. Thus, understanding the factors that determine the diffusion of new technologies across countries is important to understanding the process of economic development. This project therefore investigates whether technological revolution has revolu...

PERHAPS, POVERTY AND PLENTY IS THE WORLD'S GREATEST CHALLENGE. THIS STUDY THEREFORE PROPOSE AN APPLIED(COMPUTABLE)GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH, THAT IS A RENEW ATTENTION TO THE PROBLEM OF POVERTY , EMPLOYMENT AND INEQUALITY THAT EARLIER STRATEGIES FOCUSING ON RAPID GROWTH WERE UNABLE TO RESOLVE. USING NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY, WE PERFORM THE SPECIFI...

The Information and Communication technology(ICT) environment in the economic community of west african states(ECOWAS) has changed sufficiently to warrant re-conceptualization of the earlier initiatives. Notably, many new technologies have emerged, especially in the area of wireless communications. Thus, ECOWAS ability to participate in and enhance...

NIGERIA IS GOING THROUGH A DIFFICULT POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TRANSITION AFTER FORTY YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE. YET, NIGERIA REMAINS A SOCIETY RICH IN CULTURAL, LINGUISTIC, RELIGIOUS, ETHNIC AND POLITICAL DIVERSITY. TODAY, THE AVERAGE NIGERIAN STRUGGLES HARD TO MAKE ENDS MEET; SEES HIMSELF OR HERSELF AS BEING POORER THAN HE OR SHE WAS A DECADE AGO; AND F...

DEVELOPMENT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT CHALLENGE FACING THE HUMAN RACE BUT THE PROCESSES DRIVING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ARE BY NO MEANS FULLY UNDERSTOOD. HOWEVER, THE CORE CHALLENGE FOR DEVELOPMENT IS TO ENSURE PRODUCTIVE WORK AND A BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL THE PEOPLE OF THE WORLD. THIS CHALLENGE MAY BE DAUNTING AND IT IS. THIS PAPER THEREFORE ARGUE...

DEVELOPMENT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT CHALLENGE FACING THE HUMAN RACE BUT THE PROCESSES DRIVING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ARE BY NO MEANS FULLY UNDERSTOOD. HOWEVER, THE CORE CHALLENGE FOR DEVELOPMENT IS TO ENSURE PRODUCTIVE WORK AND A BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL THE PEOPLE OF THE WORLD. THIS CHALLENGE MAY BE DAUNTING AND IT IS. THIS PAPER THEREFORE ARGUE...

CAPITAL ACCUMULATION HAS BEEN EMPHASISED AS THE MAJOR FACTOR GOVERING THE RATE OF DEVELOPMENT. THIS STUDY THEREFORE AIMS EXPLORING IN THE LIGHT OF PAST TRENDS, THE ROLE AND SCOPE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS AS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES IN MOBILIZING DOMESTIC SAVINGS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND THE CONSTRAINTS IN THE EFFICIENT PERFORMANCE OF THIS ROLE. EMPIRICAL EVI...

THE THRUST OF THIS PAPER HAS BEEN TO INVESTIGATE THE THEORETICAL PROPOSITION OF THE MONETARY APPROACH TO THE THEORY OF BALANCE OF PAYMENTS ADJUSTMENT MECHANISM. THE ESSENCE OF THE APPROACH IS A CONSISTENT INSISTENCE THAT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS IS A MONETARY AND NOT A REAL PHENOMENON AS POSITED BY THE CONVENTIONAL THEORIES. FROM THE VARIOUS TESTS CONCL...

THIS STUDY INVESTIGATES THE DOMINANT RESOURCE CONSTRAINT LIMITING GROWTH IN NIGERIA AS WELL AS THE DETERMINATION OF FUTURE RESOURCES REQUIREMENTS NEEDED TO ACHIEVE SUCH GROWTH. USING A SMALL SCALE MACROECONOMETRIC SIMULATION MODEL, THREE DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS WERE CARRIED OUT. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT AT A HIGHER TARGET GROWTH RATE, MORE RESOURCES W...

AFRICAN ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE HAS BEEN MARKEDLY WORSE THAN THAT OF OTHER REGIONS. THUS, THE GOVERNMENTS OF AFRICAN COUNTRIES HAVE ASSUMED MAJOR RESPONSIBILITIES FOR ECONOMIC REFORMS AND GROWTH. ALONG WITH THESE RESPONSIBILITIES HAS COME AN INCREASED AWARENESS OF THE INTERRELATEDNESS OF DIFFERENT SECTORS OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY AND THAT OF THE NEED FOR...

POWERED BY THE DEVELOPMENTS IN NEW TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS, THE WORLD IS MOVING RAPIDLY TOWARDS KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMIC STRUCTURES AND INFORMATION SOCIETIES THAT COMPRISE NETWORKS OF INDIVIDUALS, FIRMS AND COUNTRIES THAT ARE LINKED ELECTRONICALLY AND IN INTERDEPENDENT RELATIONSHIPS. KNOWLEDGE, EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS PRESENT OPPORT...

IT SEEMS APPROPRIATE TO ASK WHAT IS SPECIAL ABOUT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BEFORE ONE SETS OUT TO ANSWER THE QUESTION OF HOW INVESTMENTS IN INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURESHOULD BE VALUED AND REGULATED. THIS PROJECT THEREFORE DISCUSSES THE THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONCEPTS UNDERLYING RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE REGULATION OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN NIGERIA...

This paper examines the stability of the demand for money in nigeria. With relatively simple model specifying a vector valued autoregressive process(VAR), the hypothesis of the existence of cointegration vectors is formulated as the hypothesis of reduced rank of the longrun impact matrix. This enabled us to derive estimates and test statistics for...

The new millennium economics has evolved out of neoclassical economics over the last hundred years. The pace of change has increased over time and in the first half of the 21st century, the economics profession will change as much, or more, than it did in the last half of the 20 th century. These changes will occur both because of the internal tens...

During the post-world war 11 period, industrialization was an irresistable trend, made global by the dynamics of international markets.Today, the industrial siciety faces the risks created by its own success. Its growth has been accompanied by a voracious use of natural resources and by increasing inequalities(insecurites)between industrial countri...

At present, the world economy is at a cross road. The Nigerian economy is therefore undergoing it most severe economic crisis since the Biafra war of the sixties. Currently, she is experiencing a staggering rate of inflation (well up to the double digit) as well as experiencing a severe recession (as the unemployment rate has risen astronomically)....